• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.116-122
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• 2010

The fire protection system of nuclear power plants shall be designed, constructed and operated, through a defense-in depth criterion to suppress the leakage of radioactivity to the outside and to allow the safety shutdown function when a fire occurs. In order to achieve these purposes, most of countries abroad operating the nuclear power plants keep up the integrated regulations, however we have two guidelines, the fire protection service act and the nuclear energy act, as mandatory requirements to apply to the fire protection systems in nuclear power plants. It has shown that USA, Canada and Japan which have long experience in operating nuclear power plants have regulations integrated technically for fire protection system of nuclear power plants. It is proposed that the things once verified the risk analysis of the fire hazard by the nuclear law in the design for fire suppression system in plants should be authorized by the fire protection service act as an exception.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.24-32
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• 2018

The law reflects the situation of the times, understands the society, and shows the will of the state and the community. The Means of Egress should be maintained from design to construction, supervision, as well as use, in order to protect the lives and property of the residents as well as the safe use of the facilities. However, Interior Architects are think that evacuation and safety regulations are complex elements that change frequently and may inhibit the idea of design. The purpose of this study is to propose a design method for the use of safe facilities in the interior architectural design on the evacuation regulations affecting the actual design by the IBC(the International Building Code) and NFPA(National Fire Protection Association) LSC (Life Safety Code). The research method is to investigate and analyze the provisions related to the evacuation of interior architecture in the US and to understand the current regulations and the evacuation regulations. We suggest to design method to the details of the hallway, corridors, aisle accessway, door way, exit path, In particular, the design of furniture, tables and chairs layout that could be obstacles to evacuation situations is presented.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.61
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• pp.9-38
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• 2019

As the scales & density of the Korean national infrastructures have been increased, they will be identified as rich and attractive potential targets for intensified North Korea's attack in the rear region and terrorism attack. In addition, due to changes in security environment such as drone threats and lack of security forces under the 52-hour workweek law, I think that it is the proper time point to reevaluate the effectiveness and appropriateness of the current physical protection system and its shift to a new system. In this study, the direction and improvement of the perimeter physical protection systems of the national infrastructures are to be studied from the viewpoints of its concepts of operations and design methodology, focusing on the nuclear power plant. The reason why we focus on nuclear power plants is because they cause wide-range and long-term damages caused by radioactive materials disperal and pollution, along with short-term damage caused by the interruption of electricity generation in the event of damage to nuclear power plants. With the aim of extracting improvement directions, as we will comprehensively review domestic research trends and domestic·overseas related laws, and consider Korea's specificity, we try to reframe the concept of operation - systematization, mobilization and flexibility -, and establish criteria on system change. In order to improve the technical performance of the new perimeter physical protection system, we study on high-fidelity·multi-methodology based integrated design methodology, breaking from individual silo-type design methods, and I suggest improvement of government procurement, its expansion to export business and other national infrastructure.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.279-285
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• 2020

Laboratories and industrial processes typically involve the use of flammable substances. An important property used to estimate fire and explosion risk for a flammable liquid is the flash point. In this study, flash point data at 101.3 kPa were determined using a SETA closed cup flash point tester on the following solvent mixtures: {2,2,4-trimethylpentane + methylcyclohexane}, {2,2,4-trimethylpentane + ethylbenzene}, and {2,2,4-trimethylpentane + p-xylene}. The purpose of this work is to obtain flash point data for binary mixtures of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane with three hydrocarbons (methylcyclohexane, ethylbenzene, and p-xylene), which are representative compounds of the main aromatic hydrocarbon fractions of petroleum. The measured flash points are compared with the predicted values calculated using the GE models' activity coefficient patterns: the Wilson, the Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL), and the UNIversal QUAsiChemical (UNIQUAC) models. The non-ideality of the mixture is also considered. The average absolute deviation between the predicted and measured lower flash point s is less than 1.99 K, except when Raoult's law is calculated. In addition, the minimum flash point behavior is not observed in any of the three binary systems. This work's predicted results can be applied to design safe petrochemical processes, such as identifying safe storage conditions for non-ideal solutions containing volatile components.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.31-40
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• 2017

UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) is increasingly used in diverse fields such as disaster, distributi on, and logistics, but it is pointed out that the inadequacy of related laws and invasion of privacy is an obstacle to industrial growth. The regulatory framework for UAV convergence services is pr oposed based on the regulatory framework. From the technical point of view, regulation on archite ctural design, from the market point of view, concurrent operation of services in a limited area, a l egal evaluation based on post-evaluation rather than a pre-regulation under the legislation of visua l information protection law and a social consensus will contribute to the early settlement of UAV -based convergence services.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.35-45
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• 2023

Purpose: This paper (1) identifies the factors that affect people's changing habits towards waste sorting, (2) evaluates the benefits of waste sorting to the environment and (3) designs communication strategies to change people's behavior and habits in sorting plastic waste in Ho Chi Mnh City, Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: Using the data from 309 people that are living in Ho Chi Minh City and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), to evaluate variables and test the hypotheses. Results: Research results show that attitudes, subjective standards, behavioral control, and facilities affect people's intention to classify plastic waste. We find that environmental concerns greatly influence people's attitudes. In contrast, environmental concerns have a relatively weaker effect on people's degree of behavioral control. Conclusion: Environmental protection is a matter of concern in the world. In Vietnam, this issue has been institutionalized into law to create a basis for improving the effectiveness of environmental protection activities. This article has some limitations. Firstly, sample is limited to HCMC residents; the study results are not representative of the entire population of Vietnam. This paper is based on cross-sectional data, which is not the best way to establish a causal relationship between the intention to sort plastic waste and its drivers.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.21-30
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• 2024

Purpose: As competition in the online platform market heats up due to the growing online presence, there is a growing interest in consumer protection legislation to protect consumers. The current online platform law has been criticized for its limitations in regulating the rapidly evolving platform economy. In particular, there is an ongoing need to regulate 'dark patterns' that deceive and mislead consumers. Research Design and Methods: This trend has been recognized not only in Korea, but also in Europe and the United States, which have enacted related regulatory bills, making some types of dark patterns illegal. It is necessary to protect consumers from dark patterns. However, there are some opinions that legal regulations do not protect consumers, but reduce consumer choice, as there is no specific definition of 'dark patterns' or analysis of the damage status. It has also been argued that extensive regulations could shrink the online platform market. Results: Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the areas that can resolve consumers' complaints about dark patterns before the revised law is implemented. In addition, it should be a rational and efficient system so that the continuously growing online platform market does not shrink due to excessive regulations and can develop healthily through the prevention of dark patterns. Conclusions: Here, it is also extremely important to specifically present the scope and standards of regulations and reduce the scope for unnecessary legal interpretation. It can also be a good idea to strengthen the education of consumers and businesses on dark pattern problems and their solutions, and to create a foundation that allows them to solve problems autonomously.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2016

The organizations and companies establish personal information protection policy under the law and guidelines. They carry out access control without consideration for distinctiveness of the information although the damage degree varies when the information is leaked. Considering the distinctiveness, a policy needs to be made for individuals to protect his personal information. However, he is not able to write the policy because of lack of understanding the system. To write his own policy efficiently, the system that authorizes ones according to service list provided by organizations is necessary. This paper suggests the model and method that write personal policy for his information protection based on the service list provided by organizations. Through this model, fine-grained authorization and policy change are easily made and ultimately the access control customized according to one's own information is possible.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.1104-1111
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• 2009

Mechanical facilities in modern buildings and industrial plants become more important in the view points of energy and environment issues. However, mechanical construction fields are still considered as to be subjected to buildings, even though design and construction of mechanical fields in the construction production process is independent of other fields. Recently, 'Framework Act on the Construction Industry' has been revised since 2007. According to the revision, the barrier of general construction and specialized construction is collapsed and the construction company can register any type of construction classification if they are able to carry out the construction mission. The mechanical construction fields are exempt until 2011 because of the protection of mechanical construction industry. In the present study, the bidding system has been prospected due to the revision of 'Basic Law on Construction Industry' after 2011. The trends for development of mechanical construction fields has been also discussed.

• Clean Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2020

For the design of the prevention and mitigation measures in process industries involving flammable substances, reliable safety data are required. An important property used to estimate the risk of fire and explosion for a flammable liquid is the flash point. Flammability is an important factor to consider when developing safe methods for storing and handling solids and liquids. In this study, the flash point data were measured for the binary systems {2-butanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane}, {2-butanol + methylcyclohexane} and {2-butanol + toluene} at 101.3 kPa. Experiments were performed according to the standard test method (ASTM D 3278) using a Stanhope-Seta closed cup flash point tester. A minimum flash point behavior was observed in the binary systems as in the many cases for the hydrocarbon and alcohol mixture that were observed. The measured flash points were compared with the predicted values calculated via the following activity coefficient (GE) models: Wilson, Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL), and UNIversal QUAsiChemical (UNIQUAC) models. The predicted data were only adequate for the data determined by the closed-cup test method and may not be appropriate for the data obtained from the open-cup test method because of its deviation from the vapor liquid equilibrium. The predicted results of this work can be used to design safe petrochemical processes, such as the identification of safe storage conditions for non-ideal solutions containing flammable components.