• 통상정보연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.339-358
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• 2004

This article discusses the critical issues on obligations and responsibilities in electronic funds transfer(EFT) between Article 4A of the UCC and the Model Law on International Credit Transfers of UNCITRAL. The electronic fund transfers begin with the issue of the payment order by the originator to the receiving bank for the beneficiary. All obligations and responsibilities of parties concerned occur when the receiving bank accept the originator's payment order to executes. So far, some the most compelling studies have focused on the legal obligations and responsibilities of electronic fund transfer in Korea. Therefore, In this paper, we would like to examine some problems of obligations and responsibilities in electronic fund transfer from Article 4A of UCC and the Model Law on International Credit Transfers of UNCITRAL. And also we present some Implications to reform EFT Law for the efficient application.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2012

In this paper, the Integrated Guidance and Control (IGC) law is proposed for the Rotary Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (RUAV). The objective of the IGC law is to consider the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the RUAV and to design a guidance law which takes into consideration the nonlinear relationship between kinematics and dynamics. In order to control the RUAV system, sliding mode control scheme is adopted. As the RUAV is an under-actuated system, a slack variable approach is used to generate the available control inputs. Through the Lyapunov stability theorem, the stability of the proposed IGC law is proved. In order to verify the performance of the IGC law, numerical simulations are performed for waypoint tracking missions.

• 한국관광식음료학회지:관광식음료경영연구
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• 제7권
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• pp.7-39
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• 1997

Many of legislations related to tourism has been made up to now since the year 1961 when modern tourism studies started. In restropect of the year 1988, the year 2002 is expected to be another chance for tourism. In order to take this chance again, new laws and regulations are necessary. Therefore, the object of this study are decided as follows: 1) to put 'the right to go sightseeing' in statutory form at constitution. 2) to realise the private law of tourism 3) to make the environment law of tourism 4) to make the facility law of tourism 5) to make the transportation law of tourism 6) to make the cultural property law of tourism 7) to make the food law of tourism 8) to make the related law of tourism 9) to make the advertising law of tourism, the tax law of tourism, and the economy law of tourism As tourism laws like above exist, tourism industry would be developed more than now.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제62권
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• pp.55-86
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• 2014

Korea has become a member of the United Nations Convention on Contract of the International Sales of Goods (the 'CISG') effective since March 1, 2005. As, therefore, the governing law of the general terms and conditions (the 'GTC') in the Government Foreign Procurement Contract (the 'Contract') is mandatorily fixed to the Korean Law, the CISG, as an International Convention, now having an equivalent or even higher status to the Korean Law, unless expressly excluded, will be priorly applied to the Contract where a transaction occurs between its members. In this regard, this study focuses on how to find the way for the CISG to be a governing law of the GTC in order to eliminate legal uncertainties and lacks of foreseeability prevailed in the international trade. For that purpose, the legal aspects of GTC, and the Buyer's remedy for the Seller's breach of the Contract are analyzed in accordance with the comparative study between the CISG and the GTC including the relevant case studies. As a result of this study, the application of the CISG into the GTC is highly recommended in order to reflect into the Contract such features as fairly harmonized for the interest of both parties. Taking this opportunity, a GTC, amended from the existing one, or newly formed, within the perimeter of not conflicting with the provisions of the CISG, including but not limited to the Civil Law and Commercial Law, is required in order to evenly share each party's responsibilities and obligations where the breach or remedy of the Contract is, and, thus, which will ultimately contribute to an efficient conduct of the Contract.

• Strategy21
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• 통권33호
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• pp.178-201
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• 2014

China National People's Congress has passed the bill to combine the Marine Law Enforcement into "State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China". This bill was intended to resolve the overlapping jurisdiction and disputes caused in ocean territory in nearby countries. The purpose of reorganizing the administration was to combine the dispersed organization into one group. This new big administration was basically organized to increase the power of China marine state on the long-term. The reorganization plan is to group General Administration of Customs, China Marine Surveillance, Fisheries Law Enforcement Command, and Border Control Department into one State Oceanic Administration. The new state Oceanic Administration carries the authority to protect rights and enforce the marine law supported by Public Security Bureau. Korea Coast Guard has been cooperating with China Marine Surveillance since 1998 when the first pact was made. The next step expanded to General Administration of Customs. Currently working with Regional Maritime Law Enforcement organizations dealing mostly with illegal Chinese fishing boats and IEODO conflict. In order to solve the problems we face today is to observe the process of the New China Coast Guard administration, analysing the effects that could be caused by the change and to keep close cooperation between the new administrations.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.618-624
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• 2005

We present a new state-space approach to construct a dynamic output feedback controller which stabilizes a class of linear time invariant systems. All the states of the given system are not measurable and only the output is used to design the stabilizing control law. In the design scheme, however, we first assume that the given system can be stabilized by a feedback law composed of the output and its derivatives of a certain order. Beginning with this assumption, we systematically construct a dynamic system which removes the need of the derivatives. The main advantage of the proposed controller is regarding the controller order, which may be smaller than that of conventional output feedback controller. Using a simple numerical example, it is shown that the order of the proposed controller is indeed smaller than that of reduced-order observer based output feedback controller.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제77권3호
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• pp.305-314
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• 2021

In order to reduce enormous cost of real-scale underwater explosion experiments on ships, the mechanical response of the ships have been analyzed by combining scaled-down experiments and Hopkinson's scaling law. However, the Hopkinson's scaling law is applicable only if all variables vary in an identical ratio; for example, thickness of ship, size of explosive, and distance between the explosive and the ship should vary with same ratio. Unfortunately, it is infeasible to meet such uniform scaling requirement because of environmental conditions and limitations in manufacturing scaled model systems. For the facile application of the scaling analysis, we propose a generalized scaling law that is applicable for non-uniform scaling cases in which different parts of the experiments are scaled in different ratios compared to the real-scale experiments. In order to establish such a generalized scaling law, we conducted a parametric study based on numerical simulations, and validated it with experiments and simulations. This study confirms that the initial peak value of response variables in a real-scale experiment can be predicted even when we perform a scaled experiment composed of different scaling ratios for each experimental variable.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제27권
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• pp.215-232
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• 2005

China had revised Foreign Trade Law in order to fulfill its WTO commitments and duties, and fully exercise its rights and benefits as a WTO member. The main contents of the revised Foreign Trade Law as followed. For the first time, individuals are allowed to conduct foreign trade. Intellectual property is an important component of foreign trade, and protecting intellectual property rights is a key issue. A chapter on Intellectual property protection is one of the major additions to the Foreign Trade Law. New sections have also been added to allow and provide guidance for conducting investigations and seeking relief. Finally, the new law beefs up and clarifies enforcement procedures. It regulates the setting up of early warning and emergency systems and a foreign trade statistics system.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-65
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• 2023

Free vibration analysis of power law and sigmoidal sandwich plates made up of functionally graded materials (FGMs) has been carried out using finite element based higher-order zigzag theory. The present model satisfies all-important conditions such as transverse shear stress-free conditions at the plate's top and bottom surface along with continuity condition for transverse stresses at the interface. A Nine-noded C0 finite element having eleven degrees of freedom per node is used during the study. The present model is free from the requirement of any penalty function or post-processing technique and hence is computationally efficient. The present model's effectiveness is demonstrated by comparing the present results with available results in the literature. Several new results have been proposed in the present work, which will serve as a benchmark for future works. It has been observed that the material variation law, power-law exponent, skew angle, and boundary condition of the plate widely determines the free vibration behavior of sandwich functionally graded (FG) plate.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1380-1397
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• 2018

The synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) servo-drive system has highly nonlinear uncertainties owing to a convex construction effect. It is difficult for the linear control method to achieve good performance for the SynRM drive system. The nonlinear backstepping control system using upper bound with switching function is proposed to inhibit uncertainty action for controlling the SynRM drive system. However, this method uses a large upper bound with a switching function, which results in a large chattering. In order to reduce this chattering, a nonlinear backstepping control system using an adaptive law is proposed to estimate the lumped uncertainty. Since this method uses an adaptive law, it cannot achiever satisfactory performance. Therefore, a nonlinear backstepping control system using a reformed recurrent Hermite polynomial neural network with an adaptive law and an error estimated law is proposed to estimate the lumped uncertainty and to compensate the estimated error in order to enhance the robustness of the SynRM drive system. Further, the reformed recurrent Hermite polynomial neural network with two learning rates is derived according to an increment type Lyapunov function to speed-up the parameter convergence. Finally, some experimental results and a comparative analysis are presented to verify that the proposed control system has better control performance for controlling SynRM drive systems.