• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.31 no.B
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• pp.81-90
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• 2011

Centrifuge modeling and numerical analysis on works of breakwater construction were performed to investigate the behavior of caisson type of breakwater and foundation treated with the method of DCM (Deep Cement Mixing) under the condition of wave action in field. In centrifuge modeling, construction sequence of breakwater caisson such as preparation of ground, treatment of DCM, installation of rubble mound, placement of breakwater caisson and lateral loading on the breakwater due to wave action were reconstructed. Lateral movement of model breakwater and ground reaction in the vertical direction were monitored during test. Stress concentration ratio between the untreated ground and the treated ground with DCM was evaluated from measurement of vertical stresses on each ground. Numerical analysis with the software of PLAXIS was carried to compare with Results of centrifuge model test. It was found that stability of model breakwater was maintained during stage of construction and the compared results about stress concentration ratio were in relatively good agreements.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.41-44
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• 1976

Ethylene was found to reverse the direction of gravity-induced lateral auxin transport and to cause an accumulation of auxin in the physically upper sides of horizontally placed pea shoots. The pea shoot displayed a slightly positive (downward) geotropic curvature in the presence of applied ethylene. Golgi bodies were found to be distributed preferentially in the bottom halves of cells as against the top halves following geotropic stimulation, and this pattern of intracellular distribution of dictyosomes was also reversed by ethylene treatment. Intracellular displacement of amyloplsts as a result fo geotropic induction was not reversed by the action of ethylene. In view of a positive correlation between the direction of auxin movement and the displacement patern of dictyosomes, it is suggested that the Golgi bodies are involved in the perception of gravity and/or subsequent redistribution of auxin or differential elongation in geotropism.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlations between clinical balance scales and Balance Performance Monitor parameters in patient with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods : Twenty AIS subjects (age, $14.26{\pm}1.93yrs$; height, $160.56{\pm}7.98cm$; weight, $47.54{\pm}6.94kg$)were participated in this study. Postural sway(mean balance, sway angle, sway area, sway path, maximal sway velocity) were were evaluated by balance performance monitor. Measurements for clinical balance scales were Functional reach test (both side), the Lateral reach test (both side) and One leg standing test (both legs). Results : The results were as follows. There were positive strong correlation between major curve direction and left-right sway angle, sway path, maximal sway velocity. There were negative strong correlation between the functional reach and left-right sway angle, sway area, sway path, maximal sway velocity. And the lateral reach were also showed negative strong correlation parameters of balance performance monitor. One leg standing were negatively correlated with left-right sway angle, sway path, maximal sway velocity. Conclusion : The clinical balance scales will be useful tools for balance measurements, and basic tools for clinical setting for patient with AIS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.327-335
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of trunk position sense through visual cue deprivation balance training in subacute stroke patients. METHODS: The subjects were randomly allocated to two groups: experimental(n=10) and control(n=10). Both groups performed balance training on sitting for 30minute after measurements. Trunk position sense test was assessed using the David back concept to determine trunk repositioning error for four movement(flexion, extension, affected side lateral flexion, non-affected side lateral flexion). Measurements on each test were assessed prior to the balance training and then immediately following the balance training. RESULTS: In comparison of the difference of the trunk position sense between groups, the experimental group decreased significantly in trunk repositioning error of flexion, extension and affected side lateral flexion than control group(p<.05). CONCLUSION: The trunk position sense of the experimental group showed more improvement after the balance training program compared to the control group, Therefore, these results suggest that visual cue deprivation training is considered an effective exercise method for individuals with subacute stroke.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.818-826
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• 2015

This paper presents a novel methodology for estimating vehicle ego-motion, i.e. tri-axis linear velocities and angular velocities by using stereo vision sensor and 2G1Y sensor (longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, and yaw rate). The estimated ego-motion information can be utilized to predict future ego-path and improve the accuracy of 3D coordinate of obstacle by compensating for disturbance from vehicle movement representatively for collision avoidance system. For the purpose of incorporating vehicle dynamic characteristics into ego-motion estimation, the state evolution model of Kalman filter has been augmented with lateral vehicle dynamics and the vanishing point estimation has been also taken into account because the optical flow radiates from a vanishing point which might be varied due to vehicle pitch motion. Experimental results based on real-world data have shown the effectiveness of the proposed methodology in view of accuracy.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2016

Background: This study was to investigate the effect of cervical HVLA technique and mulligan MWM technique on patients with lateral epicondylitis. Methods: 36 participants were randomly allocated to the two groups; group I involved high velocity low amplitude (HVLA) cervical mobilization technique, mulligan mobilizations with movement (MWM) technique (n=18). group II mulligan MWM (n=18). Patient attended for three times a week for six weeks. Results: The change of visual analogue scale (VAS) was statistically and significantly decreased in both of the group I and the group II. The change of patients rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) was statistically and significantly decreased in both of the group I and the group II. The change of pressure pain threshold (PPT) was statistically and significantly increased in both of the group I and the group II. Nevertheless, There is no statistical differences between group I and group II. Conclusion: After experiment, pressure pain threshold and visual analogue scale, patients rated tennis elbow evaluation were improved in both group. But Cervical HVLA group does not showed the change better than mulligan MWM group.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.269-281
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• 1997

The overall buckling mode in a composite steel-concrete beam over an internal support is necessarily lateral-distortional, in which the bottom compressive range displaces laterally and twists, since the top flange is restrained by the nearly rigid concrete slab. An efficient finite element method is used to study elastic lateral-distortional buckling in composite beams whose steel portion is tapered. The simplified model for a continuous beam that is presented herein is a fixed ended cantilever whose steel portion is tapered, and is subjected to moment gradient. This is intended to give an insight into distortion in a continuous beam that occurs in the negative bending region, and the differences between the cantilever representation and the continuous beam are highlighted. An eigenproblem is established, and the buckling modes and loads are determined in the elastic range of structural response. It is found from the finite element study that the buckling moment may be enhanced significantly by using a vertical stiffener in the region where the lateral movement of the bottom range is greatest. This enhancement is quantified in the paper.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.25-32
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• 1988

This paper first presents the distributions of static lateral earth pressure in case of translational o.all movement (ATRA) , obtained respectively by the Dubrova method and by the method where Chang's idea is applied to the former, acting on the rigid retaining vertical wall with horizontal sand backfill. Total active resultant forces and the points of application of those forces, calculated results by the two methods, are compared with the experimental results recently published by Fang Y.S. and Ishibashi I. A comparative study about the distribution of static lateral earth pressurein each case of rotation about top(AT) and base (AB), on which the writer studied previously, is also conducted along with the above experimental results. The following results are obtained 1) In case of AT and ATRA, the experimental results are in good agreement with the calculated results by the Dubrova's method. 2) In case of AB, the results of the Dubrova's method are very inconsistent with those of model test, where as th method 9.here Chang's idea is applied, corresponds well, even though there is a small deviation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.132-138
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• 2003

In order to evaluate properly ship motion relating to the berthing maneuver, the hydrodynamic forces acting on ship hull in berthing maneuver need to be estimated rightly. CFD has been employed for time-domain simulation of transient flow induced by Wigley model moving laterally from rest in shallow water. The numerical solutions successfully captured not only the characteristics of the transitional hydrodynamic forces but also some interesting features of the flow field around a berthing ship according to the water depth. In this paper, the consideration is carried out on the approximate formula based on the CFD results, which can estimate hydrodynamic forces especially lateral drag coefficient starting from the rest to the uniform movement.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.465-468
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• 2008

Two half circular structures are developed in the northern and southern blocks which divided by the WNW-trending lineament around Uiryeong-Haman area, southern part of the Gyeongsang basin. By displacing one half circular structure to the other one about 750 m, a perfect circular structure is reconstructed. Thus the WNW-trending lineament is a left-lateral fault displacing the circular structure. The NNW trending ridges are dragged with anticlockwise sense near the WNW-trending fault, which indicates also the existence of a sinistral movement.