• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.381-392
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• 2018

This study examines strategies and implementation plans for commercializing $CO_2$ capture and storage, which is an effective method to achieve the national goal of reducing greenhouse gas. In order to secure cost-efficient business model of $CO_2$ capture and storage, we propose four key strategies, including 1) urgent need to select a large-scale storage site and to estimate realistic storage capacity, 2) minimization of source-to-sink distance, 3) cost-effectiveness through technology innovation, and 4) policy implementation to secure public interest and to encourage private sector participation. Based on these strategies, the implementation plans must be designed for enabling $CO_2$ capture and storage to be commercialized until 2030. It is desirable to make those plans in which large-scale demonstration and subsequent commercial projects share a single storage site. In addition, the plans must be able to deliver step-wised targets and assessment processes to decide if the project will move to the next stage or not. The main target of stage 1 (2019 ~ 2021) is that the large-scale storage site will be selected and post-combustion capture technology will be upgraded and commercialized. The site selection, which is prerequisite to forward to the next stage, will be made through exploratory drilling and investigation for candidate sites. The commercial-scale applicability of the capture technology must be ensured at this stage. Stage 2 (2022 ~ 2025) aims design and construction of facility and infrastructure for successful large-scale demonstration (million tons of $CO_2$ per year), i.e., large-scale $CO_2$ capture, transportation, and storage. Based on the achievement of the demonstration project and the maturity of carbon market at the end of stage 2, it is necessary to decide whether to enter commercialization of $CO_2$ capture and storage. If the commercialization project is decided, it will be possible to capture and storage 4 million tons of $CO_2$ per year by the private sector in stage 3 (2026 ~ 2030). The existing facility, infrastructure, and capture plant will be upgraded and supplemented, which allows the commercialization project to be cost-effective.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.179-188
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• 2015

This study reviewed the type of the project and developmental plan related to ocean energy development in the coastal land boundaries and the ocean, and suggested the efficient scoping method through the diagnosis of the key items of environmental impact assessment (EIA) in the coastal area. The major projects are the construction of tidal power plant, tidal current power plant, and offshore wind power plant in the public water, and also those are the construction of solar power plants in the coastal land boundaries. While the project plans on a large scale such as the construction of tidal power plant, it is important to consider both property of usefulness of the designated areas and harmony analysis with marine space availability based on the adequacy of the site selection and relevance of plan with the master plan for reclamation and strategic environmental assessment (SEA). And also it needs to be considered the careful checkup on the EIA checklist referring to the type of project, effective post-monitoring, and suggestion of mitigating methods to minimize the environmental impacts during the stage of actual environmental impact assessment. Introduction of a system of integrated marine environmental impact assessment should be considered for reasonable and effective manage to developmental projects on the marine spatial area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.80-89
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to introduce the current status and development strategy for the environmental restoration of stream side in Japan, and to consider the methodology which could be effectively applied to the environmental restoration of stream side in Korea. 1. We should establish a new paradigm of forest conservation and erosion control which can emphasize the restoration of the stream side ecosystem and reduce soil movement in the areas. Also, in the past, the objective of forest conservation and erosion control was to fix soil by constructing permanent structures. The direction of future forest conservation and erosion control needs to be new forest conservation and erosion control technology to prevent large scale soil movement but allow small scale soil movement to conserve sound ecosystem and biotic habitats. 2. In the past, the goal of forest conservation and erosion control planning was to fix the amount of soil movement by constructing permanent facilities. Forest conservation and erosion control planning in the future needs to change the techniques which could prevent soil movement from large scale of soil disasters, but allow soil movement effectively to a small and middle scale's soil movement. Also, it is considered to change erosion control dams from non passing type to passing type. 3. In the point of ecological conservation aspects, we should evaluate the effects of new forest conservation and erosion control methods which are emphasized on the restoration of the stream side ecosystem. Also, forest conservation and erosion control construction projects for restoring stream and river ecosystem should be planned for perfectly restorating their ecosystems by the way of sustainable maintenance and management. 4. The restoration direction of stream and river ecosystems needs to be restoring the diversity of small geographies such as waterway, shoal and puddles rather than flattening stream bed. And the restoration of the stream side ecosystem should provide continuity of the stream side environment which allows desirable biological habitats, and environmentally sound facilities to harmonize with the environment.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.61-69
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• 2013

In the mixed-use development program, several conflicts occur due to the characteristics of construction program, such as large-scale, variety of stakeholders, long periods of time, etc. In particular, since the characteristics of the construction program having various complex projects lead to different requirements depending on stakeholders, it is crucial to plan the appropriate type and size of facilities. Therefore, it is necessary to derive solutions suitable for the needs of owner by conducting VE in the planning phase. In this study, a multi-dimensional quality model is developed to present proper facilities necessary for the construction program by clearly identifying the owner's requirements in performing VE in the planning phase. Through the development of the multi-dimensional quality model, the characteristics distribution of 15 major facilities by 12 performance indicators for mixed-use development programs is presented. The deduction method of appropriate facilities based on the requirements of owner and the multi-dimensional synthesis method among the performance indicators are also suggested. This study is significant as a basic research for the application of VE in the planning phase of construction program. It is expected that the multi-dimensional quality model proposed in this study could facilitate presentation and review of appropriate facilities based on the analysis of requirements of various stakeholders in the early stage of the construction program.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.61-71
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the efficiencies of project management offices in large information system construction projects using the data envelopment analysis. In addition, we tried to estimate the confidence interval of those efficiencies using bootstrap DEA to give a statistical meaning. The efficiency by the CCR model is analyzed as eight project management offices are fully efficient and 22 project management offices are inefficient. On the other hand, there are 15 project management offices are fully efficient, but 15 project management offices are inefficient in the BCC model. As the result of the scale efficiencies, of the inefficient project management offices, 13 project management offices are inefficient in scale. It is possible to eliminate the inefficiency in the CCR model by improving their project performances. And, the nine project management offices showed that the inefficiency was due to pure technical efficiency, and these companies should look for various improvements such as improvement of project execution system and project management process. In order that the inefficient project management offices be efficient, it is analyzed that more efforts must be made for on-budget and on-time as a result of examining the potential improvement potentials of inefficient project management offices.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.75-84
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• 2018

Although many logistics companies are interested in project logistics, the existing research has been limited to the growth potential of project logistics market and the high barrier and importance of project logistics. This study analyzes using DEA the operational efficiency of forwarding companies registered in major overseas construction EPC companies and performing logistics services for overseas plant construction projects. For efficiency analysis, Super-SBM analysis and Malmquist analysis are used among DEA analysis techniques. As a result of the Super-SBM analysis, DMU 5 ranked first at 1.807. DMU 5 is more efficient than the other large corporations because it has the stable supply of its parent company H and the smallest input and output variables among the large corporations. As a result of Malmquist analysis, TCI, which is a technological development, showed a fluctuation while TECI showed a relatively stable variation. In addition, there is a difference in scale between major companies and small and medium sized companies. So, it is necessary to identify the efficiency improvement strategy for each group and apply it to the practical work.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.87-98
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• 1999

Consolidation settlements on soft clay are often greatly and potentially damaging to structures. Currently, large-scale projects are in planning or progressing in Korea. These structures will be constructed on both thick and soft clay layers, and so the accurate evaluation of magnitude of settlement is required at every step in design and construction. Especially, secondary compression may play an important role in consolidation settlements of soft clay. Generally, the magnitudes of secondary compression are evaluated by laboratory and in-situ consolidation tests. The empirical $C_a/C_c$ may be economical, fast and powerful tool in estimating secondary consolidation settlement. However, the databases of the $C_a/C_c$ at construction site in Korea are insufficient. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of $C_a/C_c$ on marine clay near the southern sea in Korea. A series of incremental loading consolidation tests (measuring base pore water pressure) is peformed. It was found that the $C_a/C_c$ on undisturbed marine clay is 0.0397.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.673-676
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• 2008

Recent trends show an increased usage of 'colored concrete', a inorganic pigmented concrete mix, especially in small to large scale buildings. However, due to lack of regulations, current usage of colored concrete indicates a lack of consideration for safety factors and aesthetic aspects. Sometimes color pigmentation used in paints are inappropriately used in concrete, and in many cases the addition of coloring material is done without proper research into how structural characteristics of resulting concrete may have been affected. To resolve these issues, some construction sites apply ASTM or ACI regulations. However, such regulations incorporate elements that cannot be applied in Korea, which makes their domestic application impractical. In this paper, the primary aim is to determine to what extent the basic material characteristics of concrete is affected by the variety and quantity of different color pigments, and in so doing establish a foundation for future reference in case of construction projects involving the use of colored concrete.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.9-17
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• 2002

Human activities greatly affect the environment causing its degradation. Urban development and road networks construction cause main impacts on ecosystems and particularly on vegetation cover: road constructions induce complete degradation of the vegetation cover and often leaves a hare land, sometimes without even a soil cover. Reconstitution of vegetation cover is necessary to limit superficial erosion and land slipping on the road, towards a reintegration of the site in the neighbouring landscape. Many approaches have been studied over the last 30 years aiming at this reconstitution of vegetation cover. At frost, the main purpose of land reclamation was to create a new ecosystem. At this time, the environment created was rather a "garden" with a new soil adapted to the plantation of "decorative" species. Then, in early 90′s many studies on the restoration ecology concept rather focused on adapting the vegetation to the existing conditions on the site, as in a side road embankment for example. Nowadays, we notice a large tendency towards the use of such adapted native species instead of industrially produced seeds. In southern France, our team have led research on the potentials of those local species for their use in revegetation processes with hydro-seeding. We therefore developed an approach combining the use of different types of species: Industrially produced, native and wild cultivated species. This method integrates the benefits of using available low costing seeds that are already used on large scale projects with better adapted species, issued form the cultivation of native species and seed production for their use on smaller scale and more costly but more effective results. The use of wild cultivated species seeds was developed in order to limit the cost and reduce harsh natural seed withdrawal in the natural environment In the case of the use of native species. Besides, the use of such seeds allowed a larger geographical scale of use than with local native seeds. In addition, our team began two years ago a research project in Lebanon aiming at the Introduction and development of the revegetation techniques in Lebanon. In fact, this country bared since 20 years the consequences of urban pressure on its environment especially by the development of quarries and road networks. Therefore, pioneer work is necessary to aim at the adaptation of these techniques to the local environment.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of industrialization and urbanization of Gwangyang Bay Region on the change of urban system and spatial structure between triangle-cities located in Gwangyang Bay, Yeosu City, Suncheon City, and Gwangyang City, one of the famous industrial zones in Korea. Large-scale development projects carried out by the central government in the Gwangyang Bay Region such as construction of the Second Oil Refinery in the mid-1960s, completion of the POSCO Gwangyang Steelworks in the mid-1980s, construction of the Gwangyang Port Container Terminal in 1987 and designation of the Gwangyang Bay Area Free Economic Zone in 2003, and EXPO 2012 Yeosu Korea, affected to changes of the urban system and spatial structure between triangle-cities in Gwangyang Bay Region. The above four-development projects transformed the urban and spatial structures between the three cities in the Gwangyang Bay Region from a mononuclear urban system centered on Suncheon to a network city system. Historically, Suncheon has served as an exclusive center in the eastern region of Jeonnam, including the Gwangyang Bay Region. However, the hosting of the 2012 Yeosu Expo Korea is reorganizing the three cities into a network-type spatial structure with the strengthening of connectivity and integration in the region. And this trend is expected to intensify in the future.