• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.32
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• pp.167-179
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• 2013

This paper focuses on a sociologic approach, the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen 1991) and a sociolinguistic field, the language shift (Fishman 1991, Crystal 2000). It describes the theoretical background of language shift and briefly mentions the history of Hungarian language and Romanian language contacts. After presenting language use of the Hungarian minority students and explaining the theory of planned behavior, it turns to apply the theory of planned behavior to the language shift from the view of bilingual speaker(s). This paper wants to propose the application of the theory of planned behavior in language shift and open new perspective in bilingual research.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1994.11a
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• pp.439-442
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• 1994

본 논문은 PC 환경에서 한국어 문장구조를 분석할 수 있는 분석 기법을 제시한다. 상대적으로 어순이 자유로운 언어인 한국어의 특성에 중점을 두어, 이를 효과적으로 처리할 수 있는 분식 기법으로 shift-reduce 알고리즘을 제시한다. shift-reduce 분석 기법은 구문론 및 의미론적 하위 범주화어 의한 분석을 효율적으로 실행할 수 있도록 해주며. bottom-up과 left-right에 의한 분석 과정을 보완하여 준다.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.91-99
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• 2014

Although it is well documented that patients with cochlear implant experience hearing difficulties when processing their first language, very little is known whether or not and to what extent cochlear implant patients recognize segments in a second language. This preliminary study examines how Korean learners of English identify English segments in a normal hearing and cochlear implant simulation conditions. Participants heard English vowels and consonants in the following three conditions: normal hearing condition, 12-channel noise vocoding with 0mm spectral shift, and 12-channel noise vocoding with 3mm spectral shift. Results confirmed that nonnative listeners could also retrieve spectral information from vocoded speech signal, as they recognized vowel features fairly accurately despite the vocoding. In contrast, the intelligibility of manner and place features of consonants was significantly decreased by vocoding. In addition, we found that spectral shift affected listeners' vowel recognition, probably because information regarding F1 is diminished by spectral shifting. Results suggest that patients with cochlear implant and normal hearing second language learners would experience different patterns of listening errors when processing their second language(s).

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.97-121
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• 2002

Aoun and Li (1989) and Hornstein (1995) suggest that the cross-linguistic contrast in quantifier scope between English and East Asian languages is attributed to the parametric difference in the base subject position, viz. VP-internal position in English and Spec IP in East Asian languages. This paper argues that their suggestion is untenable, and that the cross linguistic contrast in question is due to the parametric difference that English permits and East Asian languages do not permit (overt) object shift.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Language and Information Conference
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• 1995.02a
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• pp.57-66
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• 1995

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.161-176
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• 2016

This paper discusses how the concept of "bilingualism" can be used to reflect changes within Bruneian society since the 1940's. It argues that within the context of a linguistically diverse population, the various indigenous groups of Brunei used to speak their own traditional languages, but eventually learned to speak the language of the politically dominant Malays. The Malay language became a necessary additional language, hence leading to a population which could speak their own languages, alongside the Malay language. But the rise of schools teaching in English in the 1970's began to sow seeds of a different kind of bilingualism, encouraged by language shift processes among ethnic minority groups.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.103-116
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• 2004

Chomsky (2001) and Kitahara's (2002) suggestion that object shift occurs prior to movement of the νP-subject to SPEC-T is not on the right track with respect to the Merge operation. According to the Merge operation, TP is necessarily created earlier than CP. Chomsky (2001) suggests that the probe-goal relation between T and SUBJ is evaluated in the CP after it is known whether the position of as has become a trace losing its phonological content. However, the FocP is not a phase (CP). So, Chomsky (2001) and Kitahara's (2002) suggestion is not correct in the case of the movement of OBJ to the spec of Foc in English, either. The aim of this paper is to show that the νP-subject must move to SPEC- T prior to the consecutive movement of the wh-object to SPEC-C via object shift in English. This derivation obeys Chomsky's (2001) so-called probe-goal matching condition.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.484-488
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• 1996

LR 파싱은 프로그래밍 언어를 위한 빠른 파싱 방법을 제공한다. 그러나 이 방법의 단점은 자연어와 같은 다양한 모호성을 가지는 문법에 적합하지 못하다. 모호성을 가지는 문법은 파싱 테이블 상에서 충돌을 야기하게 되는데 이를 해결하는 방법에 대한 연구가 많이 있어 왔다. 문장이 길어질 경우 구문 분석 도중 이러한 모호성이 파싱 효율에 큰 영향을 미치게 되는데, 본 논문에서는 Shift 우선 전략으로 LR 파싱의 효율적인 특징을 유지하면서 이러한 충돌을 해결할 수 있음을 보인다.

• Language and Information
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-52
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• 2013

Some sentential adverbials in English, especially those which introduce evidentiality (hereafter evidential adverbials), such as apparently, purportedly, reportedly, and allegedly, exhibit what we call 'the perspective shift' in interrogatives: they are interpreted from the speaker's perspective in declaratives, but are interpreted from the addressee's perspective in interrogatives. To account for this phenomenon, we argue that English evidential adverbials are functions taking a proposition as its argument and returns a character in the sense of Kaplan (1989). We further show that, with this assumption, the perspective shift of evidential adverbials in interrogatives can be explained within the rather standard semantics of interrogatives (Hamblin 1973, among others) and of indexicals (Kaplan 1989).

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 2003

The present study, focusing on the stress-shift constructions, examines the tendency of young children to give wrong wide scope interpretation in language acquisition and questions the validity of the guess pattern hypothesis argued by Grodzinsky & Reinhart (1993). According to the hypothesis, children know that they have to construct a reference-set, keep two representations in working memory, and check whether the interpretation needed in the given context justifies selection of competing reference sets, but their working memory is not big enough to hold the materials needed to complete the execution of this task. Hence they give up and resort to a guess. 1 carried out an experiment of 16 Korean children aged 3;9 to 6;2 to find out whether children have more difficulty in the interpretation of stress-shift constructions than of constructions with a nuclear stress, and therefore perform the interpretation of the former by guessing. Assuming that the tendency is caused by a deficiency in contextual computation rather than reference set computation, I try to explain it in terms of pragmatic considerations.