• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.321-340
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• 1995

The regeneration of destructed periodontal tissues is one of the ultimate objectives of periodontal therapy. Guided tissue regeneration technique was developed for the ideal regeneration of periodontal tissues. In order to investigate the role of fibronectin, laminin and tenascin in the regenerating process of periodontal tissues, the expanded PTFE barrier membranes(Gore Associates, USA) removed from the patients who had been treated by guided tissue regeneration(GTR) and guided bone regeneration(GBR) techniques were fixed in neutral formalin for 6-24 hours, embedded with paraffin, sectioned at $4-6{\mu}m$ in thickness, and immunohistochemically processed by Avidin-Biotin peroxidase complex method for detecting fibronectin, laminin and tenascin. Monoclonal mouse anti-human fibronectin antibody(Oncogene Science, USA., 1:100), monoclonal mouse anti-human laminin antibody(Oncogene Science, USA., 1:50) and mouse anti-human tenascin antibody(Oncogene Science, USA, 1:10) were used as primary antibodies. The light microscopic findings were as follows: (1) The distribution of fibronectin, laminin and tenascin was various according to the area of barrier membranes. (2) The distribution of fibronectin in case of GBR was extensive in the tissue on the outer surface of barrier membranes, and rare in the intervening space and on the inner surface. In case of GTR it was extensive on the outer surface and in the intervening space, and rare on the inner surface. (3) The distribution of laminin was rare in the tissue on the outer, the inner surface and intervening space of barrier membranes, regardless of GBR or GTR. (4) In case 'of GBR rare distribution of tenascin was observed on the outer surface only, except the inner surface and the intervening space of barrier membranes. In case of GTR the distribution of tenascin was extensive in the tissue on the outer surface, rare in intervening space and the inner surface. The results suggest that fibronectin, laminin and tenascin may play a important role in the regenerating process of periodontal tissue, and they may affect the outcome of healing.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.155-164
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• 2008

목 적 : 본 연구의 목적은 양릉천 침 처치 시 C57BL/6 생쥐의 중뇌 흑질에 위치한 도파민성 신경세포 사멸 억제 효과를 조직화학 염색법을 이용하여 Tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)와 laminin의 발현으로 관찰하고자 한다. 실험방법 : 실험에 이용한 동물은 C57BL/6 생쥐로, 매일 25mg/kg의 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)를 5일간 주사하였고, 매일 MPTP 주사한 뒤 2시간 후에 양릉천에 침치료를 시행하였으며 MPTP 주사를 종료한 뒤 침치료는 7일동안 계속 시행하였다. 마지막 MPTP 주사 7일 후에 동물을 희생하여 뇌를 적출하고 고정하였다. 침효과를 확인하기 위해 Thyrosine hydroxylase(TH), laminin의 발현 변화 정도를 조직염색화학법으로 이용하여 확인하였다. 각 그룹간의 유의성 검증은 one-way ANOVA를 이용하였다. 결 과 : 도파민성 신경세포 선택적인 신경독소인 MPTP에 대한 양릉천 침처치에 의한 신경보호 효과를 도파민신경세포의 표지자인 TH 발현을 면역화학조직염색법으로 관찰하였다. 대조군에 비해 MPTP 처치 군의 신경세포 사멸이 유의적으로 감소하였고(P <0.05), MPTP + 침처치 군에서 증가되는 양상을 확인하였다 (P <0.05). 또한 도파민성 신경세포내에 존재하는 laminin의 발현정도 역시 대조군보다 MPTP 처치 군에서 유의적으로 감소하였고, MPTP + 침처치 군에서 증가되는 양상을 확인하였다 (P <0.05). 결 론 : MPTP에 의한 도파민성 신경세포 손상에 대한 양릉천 침처치의 신경보호 효과는 세포외 기질중의 하나인 laminin의 발현 정도를 조절하여 비롯되는 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.2099-2102
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• 2015

Objective: To explore the expression of $laminin{\gamma}2$ in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) tissues and its influence on tumor invasion and metastasis. Materials and Methods: Paraffin embedding samples of cancer, para-cancer, lymph node metastatic and hepatic metastatic tissues from 79 patients undergoing EHCC resection were collected. Expression of $laminin{\gamma}2$ was detected by immunohistochemistry and its relationship with clinical pathological characteristics and the prognosis of EHCC patients were analyzed. Results: $Laminin{\gamma}2$ showed negative staining in para-cancer tissues, but demonstrated a 51.9% (41/79) positive expression rate in extracellular matrix (ECM) or cytoplasm of EHCC tissues. In lymph node metastatic and distant metastatic nidi, expression of $laminin{\gamma}2$ was significantly higher than in the primary nidi (${\chi}^2=7.4173$, P=0.0065; ${\chi}^2=4.0077$, P=0.0453). The expression was in obvious association with lymph node metastasis (P<0.01), but had no relevance with age, gender, tumor location, tumor stage, differentiation and distant metastasis in ECM (P>0.05), whereas it was in marked connection with lymph node and distant metastasis (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but had no relationship with age, gender, tumor location, tumor stage and differentiation in cytoplasm (P>0.05). However, the median survival time and median recurrent period of patients with positive expression of $laminin{\gamma}2$ in both cytoplasm and ECM of tumor cells, only in ECM and only in cytoplasm, were evidently lower than with negative expression of $laminin{\gamma}2$ in RCM and cytoplasm (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Further Cox regression analysis showed that the positive expression of $laminin{\gamma}2$ and the tumor differentiation were independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of EHCC patients. Conclusions: Abnormal expression of $laminin{\gamma}2$ may be closely associated with invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, and thus a potential molecular marker for prognosis of EHCC patients.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.529-533
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• 2011

Metallothioneins (MT) are a group of low-molecular weight, cysteine-rich, intracellular proteins that are encoded by a family of genes containing at least 10 functional isoforms in human. The expression and induction of these proteins is associated with protection against DNA damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Many studies have shown increased expression of MT in various human tumors, whereas MT is down-regulated in certain tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and liver adenocarcinoma. Hence, the expression of MT is not universal to all human tumors but may depend on the differentiation status and proliferative index of tumors, along with other tissue factors and gene mutations. Using Northern blot analysis, we found that laminin induced expression of MT-1 in HSG and PC12 cells, which can be differentiated by laminin, but had no effect on MB-231, MDA-435, and PC-3 cells, which cannot be differentiated by laminin. In addition, we analyzed the expression level of the MT-1 gene in five prostate cancer cell lines possessing different metastatic potential. The expression of MT-1 in normal and less malignant cells (RWPE-1 and WPE1-NA22) was high and up-regulated by laminin, whereas the expression of MT-1 in WPE1-NB14, WPE1-NB11, and WPE1-NB26 cells (malignant) was extremely low and not elevated by laminin. These results suggest that the MT-1 gene is involved in laminin-mediated differentiation and affects the metastatic potential of tumor cells.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.169-179
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• 1997

서론 : Laminin의 수용기로 알려진 Integrin $\alpha6\beta4$의 세포내 표현 정도는 편평상피암을 위시한 여러 악성종양의 전이능력 및 예후와 밀접한 상관관계가 없다고 알려져 있다. 이 Integrin은 Laminin과 같은 세포와 리간드와 결합하면 상피세포의 기저막 지주 구조물인 hemidesmosome의 세포체질 요소(cytoskeletal element)와 연관되어 그 결과 세포의 기저막과 세포내 케라틴을 연결하는 역할을 한다. Integrin $\alpha6\beta4$는 구조적으로 다른 많은 integrin들과 달리 $\beta$4의 세포질내 영역(cytoplasmic domain)이 특징적으로 크다. 이 세포질내 영역 $\beta$4 integrin의 기능은 아직 밝혀지지 않고 있으나 아마 세포 성장의 신호전달 및 악성종양의 특징인 침윤 전이에 관련할 것으로 보아지고 있다. 재료 및 방법: 저자들은 우선 $\beta$4 integrin의 wild type s-DNA와 $\beta$4 세포질내 영역(cytoplasmic domain) 및 $\beta$4의 tyrosine 인산화 반응 부위가 각각 결손된 c-DNA를 PCR을 통하여 합성하여 pRc/CMV 벡터에 삽입한 후 원래 $\beta$4 integrin의 발현이 결집된 인간 방광암 세포에 Calcium phosphate precipitation 방법으로 주입(transfection)시켜 형질변환된 세포를 면역형광법, Flow cytometry 및 Immunoprecipitation 방법으로 클로닝하여 wild type $\beta$4-full length(Clone FL), truncated $\beta$4-cytoplasmic domain(C1one CD), 및 mutated $\beta$4-tyrosine phosphorylation site (Clone M)을 얻었다. 암 세포의 부착 및 침투 능력의 기능적 연구로 모노 클로날 항체와 fibronectin, laminin, Matrigel을 단백질 기질로 사용하였으며 결과 비교를 위하여 pRc/CMV 벡터만 주입시켰던 클로운과 방광암 세포주를 $\beta$4 integrin 음성 대조군으로 또한 이 Integrin의 높은 발현을 보이는 두경부 편평상피암 세포주를 양성 대조군으로 이용하였다. 결과 : 세포부착능력에 있어서 온전한 $\beta$4 cytoplasmic domain이 존재하는 클로운이 laminin에 강한 부착능력을 보였으나 fibronectin의 부착정도는 $\beta$4 integrin의 표현정도와 관계없이 모든 클로운에서 비슷하였다. Matrigel을 투과하는 암세포 침윤 능력에서는 $\beta$4 integrin의 표현이 존재하는 클로운들이 투과 능력이 높았으나 세포외 리간드가 없는 control membrane을 사용하였을 때와 비교하여 투과능력의 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결론 : 유전자 주입(transfection) 방법으로 integrin의 다양한 클로운의 합성이 가능하여 이 Integrin의 암 세포의 부착 및 침투 능력에서의 기능을 규명 할 수 있게 한다. $\beta$4 integrin은 편평상피 암세포의 부착에 있어서 세포외 리간드 laminin과 특이 결합하여 부착 능력을 높이는 중요한 역할을 하며 편평상피 암세포의 침투에 있어서는 $\beta$4 integrin의 표현이 침투 능력을 높이는 역할을 하나 이때에는 laminin과 같은 리간드와의 특이 결합에 의존하지는 않는 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.350-355
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• 2009

Arachidonic acid (AA) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid that is a normal constituent of membrane lipids in animal cells. In addition to its role as a precursor of prostaglandins, AA itself may play an important role in the regulation of cell function. The effect of AA on functions of granulosa cells was investigated in pre-hierarchical small yellow follicles of laying hens. Immuno-cytochemical staining showed that AA ($10^{-7}-10^{-5}$ M) increased the expression of the extracellular matrix glycoprotein laminin, gap junction connexin 43 and protein kinase C (PKC). Therefore, mediated by the PKC signal pathway, AA may regulate the intercellular communication of granulosa cells and follicular development by increasing the expression of laminin and connexin.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.144-150
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• 2004

We have investigated the effect of calcium spirulan(Ca-SP) isolated from a blue-green alga Spirulina platensis, which is a sulfated polysaccharide chelating calcium and mainly composed of rhamnose and fructose, on invasion of both B16- BL6 melanoma cells, Colon 26 carcinoma and HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells through reconstituted basement membrane (Matrigel). Ca-SP significantly inhibited the invasion of these tumor cells through Matrigel/fibronectin-coated filters in a concentration-dependent manner. Ca-SP also inhibited the haptotactic migration of tumor cells to laminin, but it had no inhibitory effect on tumor cell migration to fibronectin-coated filters. Ca-SP prevented the adhesion of B16-BL6 cells to Matrigel- and laminin-substrates but did not affect the adhesion to fibronectin. The pretreatment of tumor cells with Ca-SP inhibited the adhesion to laminin in a concentration-dependent fashion, while the pretreatment of laminin-substrates did not. Ca-SP had no effect on the production and activation of type IV collagenase in gelatin zymography. In contraset, Ca-SP significantly inhibited degradation of heparan sulfate by purified heparanase. The experimental lung metastasis was significantly reduced by co-injection of B16-BL6 cells with Ca-SP in a dose-dependent manner. Seven intermittent ⅰ.ⅴ. injection of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$ of Ca-SP caused a marked decrease of lung tumor colonization of B16-BL6 cells in a spontaneous lung metastasis model. These results suggest that Ca-SP, a novel sulfated polysaccharide, could reduce the lung colonization of B16-BL6 melanoma cells in experimental metastasis model, by inhibiting the tumor invasion of basement membrane Matrigel, probably through the prevention of the adhesion and migration of tumor cells to laminin-substrate and of the heparanase activity.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.544-551
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• 2015

Background Changes in the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) occur between the proliferating and involuted phases of infantile hemangiomas (IH), and are associated with angiogenic growth. We examined the composition of the ECM in proliferating and involuted IHs and assessed correlations between the composition of the ECM and whether the IH was in the proliferating or the involuted phase. Methods We evaluated IH samples from a cohort of patients who had five proliferating IHs and five involuted IHs. The following ECM molecules were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and immunohistochemistry: laminin, fibronectin, collagen type I, collagen type II, and collagen type III. Results The involuted IHs had higher levels of deposition of collagen type III than the proliferating IHs. The median values (interquartile ranges) were 1.135 (0.946-1.486) and 1.008 (0.780- 1.166) (P=0.019), respectively. The level of laminin was higher in involuted IHs than in proliferating IHs, with median values (interquartile ranges) of 3.191 (2.945-3.191) and 2.479 (1.699- 3.284) (P=0.047), respectively. Abundant collagen type III staining was found in involuted IHs. Laminin ${\alpha}4$ chain staining was clearly present within the basement membrane adjacent to the blood vessels, and was significantly more intense in involuted IHs than in proliferative IHs. Conclusions Involuted hemangiomas showed extensive deposition of collagen III and laminin, suggesting that differences in the composition of the ECM reflect stages of the development of IHs. This pattern may be due to the rapid senescence of IHs.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.709-713
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• 2007

Basement membranes (BMs) are extracellular matrices associated with epithelia, endothelia, muscle, fat and peripheral nerve. They are involved in cell survival, migration, differentiation. BMs functions also include tissue formation and provide mechanical stability as a selective barriers. Laminins are heterotrimeric glycoproteins found in BMs and have a crucial role in cell adhesion and signalling. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are the best established mammalian model for studying epithelial cell biology The cells form an epithelial monolayer, with tight junctions separating an apical surface from a basolateral membrane facing the filter support and neighboring cells. In this study, using MDCK cells, the synthesis of the BM protein such as laminin with or without methanol extract of Chrysanthemum morifolium (CM) stimulation was analyzed by immunoblotting and CM showed significant increased cell density and enhanced synthesis of laminin.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.304-309
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• 2022

Background Laminin 5, which is found in the basement membrane of dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ), is a major adhesive component and associated with proliferating and migrating keratinocytes. In this study, we hypothesized that the topical application of the skin care products containing the novel peptides might restore the DEJ structure by deriving deposition of laminin 5 and promoting the keratinocyte migration. Here, we evaluated the restoration of DEJ by measuring the skin thickness. Methods Single-center retrospective analysis was performed on a total of 13 patients who underwent skin care using Baume L.C.E. (France, Laboratories d' Anjou) between January and March 2021. All patients applied the skin care agent for 2 weeks only on their left hand dorsum. Before the initiation of the application and after 2 weeks, both their hands were evaluated on photography and ultrasound. And the patients were asked to rate their satisfaction with the questionnaire after 2 weeks. Results There was no obvious improvement in photographic assessment and questionnaire. The post-pre difference of skin thickness in ultrasound images was, in left hand, 0.1 ± 0.37 in distal point and 0.1 ± 0.35 in proximal point; and, in right hand, 0 ± 0.17 in distal point and 0 ± 0.15 in proximal point, respectively. The pre-post difference was statistically significant in proximal point (p = 0.035). Conclusion Topical application of novel peptide derivative comprising laminin 5 demonstrated cutaneous changes including skin thickness, as assessed by ultrasound. Further studies using other modalities including dermal density measurement, three-dimensional photography, optical coherence tomography, or skin biopsy would be helpful to determine the skin-improving effects.