• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.620-628
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• 1995

This study investigated micro-mineral content in human milk along with nutritional intake of lactating women. Milk samples were collected from 33 healthy lactating women and mineral levels were analyzed. Copper, zinc, manganese and selenium were analyzed. The factors that affect the mineral levels in human milk were also investigated longitudinally from 2-5 days to 12 weeks postpartum. Concentrations of manganese and selenium didn't differ significantly within the lactation period. the levels of copper and zinc declined linearly over the first 12 weeks of lactation. Statistically significant quadratic trends were observed in zinc concentrations. There was no significant correlation between maternal age and mineral concentrations throughout the lactation period. In addition, no significant differences were found between the primipara and the multipara for mineral concentrations in human milk.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1440-1445
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• 1998

In order to investigate the vitamin I intake of exclusively breast-fed infants, we examined 33 lactating women and their infants at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 months of lactation. Vitamin E contents of human milk were determined by HPLC analysis. Vitamin E contents of the milk showed 539, 520, 464, 422, 409 and 351$\mu\textrm{g}$/100m1 during the lactation respectively. Vitamin E contents of the human milk were not affected by energy, lipid and protein consumption of lactating women. Vitamin E intake of breast-fed infants averaged 3375 and 269$\mu\textrm{g}$/day in boys and girls during the first 5 months of lactation. Vitamin E intake per body weight of breast-fed infants appeared 725, 752, 600, 461, 420 and 334$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg/day respectively. We conclude that breast-fed infants most likely receives adequate vitamin E from the human milk compared with recommended dietary allowances for Korean infants. (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1440-1445, 1998)

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.217-228
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• 1995

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2001년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.972.1-972
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• 2001

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.313-319
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• 2005

Adequate vitamin $B_2$, vitamin $B_6$, folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ intakes are known to be important for the growth and development in infants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate concentrations of vitamin $B_2$, vitamin $B_6$, folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ in human milk and to investigate the relationship between vitamin B levels in human milk and dietary habits and other health-related behaviors. Milk samples were obtained from 38 healthy lactating women (aged 29.0 $\pm$ 3.2 years) who are participating in the cohort study on pregnant women. Vitamin $B_2$ concentrations in human milk were positively correlated with maternal vitamin $B_2$ intakes in lactating mothers. Vitamin $B_6$, folate and vitamin $B_{12}$ concentrations in human milk were not correlated with maternal B vitamin intakes. Vitamin $B_6$ concentrations in human milk were negatively correlated with the amount of postpartum weight loss. The vitamin B concentrations in human milk were not associated with maternal age, height, weight and parity. Mothers who were exposed to indirect smoking had lower vitamin $B_2$ concentrations, and those who reported to consume health foods had higher vitamin $B_2$ concentrations in their milk. In conclusion, lactating women need to consume more vitamin B intakes for the growth and development in infants. Further researches are needed to find other diet and health-related factors which influence on B vitamin concentrations in human milk.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.428-441
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• 2004

This study focused on developing and assessing the effectiveness of maternal and child nutrition education materials that can be used conveniently at health centers. Focus group interviews with pregnant women, research of websites for pregnant women, and questionnaire-based surveys on community residents' needs for maternal and child nutrition services were conducted as preliminary study. The focus group interviews were conducted ten times, with five or six women, and the needs assessment was carried out on 884 pregnant or lactating women. The contents of the education materials developed based on the preliminary study were made up of the pregnant women section and the lactating women section. The entire material was composed of lecture materials, guidelines for educators, and handout materials for mothers, in the form of CD and booklets. The lecture materials were made using MS Power Point and the guidelines were wrote specifically, including basic information, main points to the lectures, and lesson plans, so that even non-professionals can easily use them. The effectiveness of the education materials was assessed based on a pretest and posttest method. The reliability of the test instrument was measured by Cronbach alpha, which was 0.75. The results were that the participants' nutrition knowledge scores showed a significant increase(p<0.05) from 3.79$\pm$0.33 to 3.96$\pm$0.34, and their attitudes changed positively after the education (p<0.05).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.585-591
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• 1999

The purpose of the present study was to measure the dietary folate intake of Korean women of childbearing age. Folate intake obtained from 24-hour recall method and food frequency questionnaire was assessed in two hundred and ninety-three nonpregnant and non-lactating healthy women of childbearing age. The mean folate intake of women aged 20-29 was 112.8ug/day, 49.3% of their recommended level of 250ug/day. Folate intake of women aged 30-49 was 129.0ug/day, significantly higher than that of participants aged 20-29. A quartile analysis on the folate intake revealed that there significant differences in the consumption of dark green, leafy vegetables (p<0.01), other vegetables (p<0.01), and fruits and legumes(p<0.05) between the highest of childbearing age is far from adequate. To reach of the present study show that the folate intake of Korean women of childbearing age is far from adequate. To reach the recommended intake level of 250ug/day for women of childbearing age, folate supplementation and special nutrition education promoting folate intake might be necessary.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 2005년도 10th Anniversary International Symposium
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• pp.77-77
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• 2005

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2013

Objective : The purpose of this study is to find out the proper dosage of Ma-huang for clinical use of Shanghanlun(傷寒論) Methods : To achive the purpose of this study, web-databases(pubmed, naver, google) were searched with the keywords including 'dose of Ma-huang Ephedra Ephedrine','dosage of Ma-huang Ephedra Ephedrine', and 'water extract of Ma-huang Ephedra'. The searched 30 papers and articles were reviewed. Results & Conclusions : 1. Proper dosage of Ma-huang 1) Adult: up to 9-12g/day 2) Adolescent: up to 6g/day 3) Hypertension disorder patient: up to 6g/day 4) lactating women: up to 6g/day 5) child: <2 years 0.7-2.5g/day, $${\geq_-}2$$ years 2.6-6g/day (Different from body weight) Although administration of Ma-huang to hypertension disorder patient, lactating women, child is safe on the paper, It is not recommended to these people because Ma-huang is one of toxic herbs. 2. Dosage form of Ma-huang There's no safety paper about pill or powdered Ma-huang(麻黃). There's not pill or powdered prescription of Ma-hunag in Shanghanlun(傷寒論), either. So it is recommended to administrate water exetract of Ma-huang.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.28-37
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• 1998

In order to improve health and nutrition management of Korean women, a new strategy to develop an information system on the internet to provide the Information on health and nutrition management for women during the life cycle was suggested. To achieve the goal, an adequate database protocol for korean women as well as health and nutrition management information system based on our culture and lifestyle should be developed. We suggest to categorize the information on health and nutrition management of Korean women according to the lifecycle as follows : 1) Health and nutrition management of adolescent women 2) Health and nutrition management of women in the marritable age 3) Health and nutrition management of pregnant women 4) Health and nutrition management of delivering women 5) Health and nutrition management of lactating women 6) Health and nutrition management of menopausing women 7) Prevention of women diseases 8) Stress management of women This system including women health and nutrition management information database provides health and nutrition management Information on the network so that anyone can use the information at any time. To constuct the system, it is necessary. 1. to identify information need for health and nutrition management of Korean women. 2. to provide the guideline of information system for women health and nutrition management. 3. to construct Information system for women health and nutrition management.