• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.90-93
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• 2019

Brucellosis is one of the zoonoses, and it is a disease that is almost eliminated in South Korea. This disease is also known as a representative disease of one health. We would like to introduce brucellosis found by one health in this study. One Health means an approach in which multiple sectors communicate and work together to achieve better public health outcomes. The Gyeongbuk Agricultural Safety and Health Center established a cooperation system between a Veterinary Service Laboratory and a Public Health Center, and found a case of human brucellosis in a farm with cattle brucellosis. Through this case, to be effective control of zoonoses as above case, epidemiological investigation for cattle and human should be concurrently conducted. And we once again recognized the need for multi-sectoral cooperation in prevention and management of zoonoses.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.90-96
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• 2019

Storage cabinet in a lab in these days measures various environmental factors in real-time with IoT sensors. Preexisting system collects sensor data, analyze a risk and then command other equipment. Such centralized control system tends to have an issue with of speed slowing down. It's because when there are more storage cabinets, there are more data to process. In order to solve this issue, this report addresses decentralized IoT sensor based lab safety control system. It can analyze internal state of storage cabinet to identify any hazardous situations and effectively control them. Such decentralized control system using sensor modules for internal environment of the cabinet storage and automated control algorithm based on administrator's log history can manage any hazardous situations by automated control of environment factors of inside a lab. It would allow users to deal with a hazard if it happens. Even better, it can prevent it to happen from the beginning.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.35-41
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to report a metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma patient treated with wheel balanced cancer therapy (WBCT) regimen. Methods: A 52-year-old female patient diagnosed and incised with metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma visited the East West Cancer Center (EWCC) on Sep. 1st, 2018 for WBCT. The patient was treated with WBCT for an approximately 2 months, from Sep. 1st to Nov. 9th. Computed tomography (CT) was used to follow-up the tumor site. Laboratory analysis and National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE), version 5.0 were used to evaluate the safety of WBCT. Results: The surgical beds after surgery (Lt. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy) were maintained without recurrence at follow up chest CT, and related symptoms and quality of life (QOL) were improved during the WBCT. Conclusion: This case study suggests that WBCT may help to improve QOL of adrenocortical carcinoma patient.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.154-160
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• 2019

Background: Compound K (CK) is an active metabolite of ginseng saponin, ginsenoside Rb1, that has been shown to have ameliorative properties in various diseases. However, its role in inflammation and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this report, the antiinflammatory role of CK was investigated in macrophage-like cells. Methods: The CK-mediated antiinflammatory mechanism was explored in RAW264.7 and HEK293 cells that were activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or exhibited overexpression of known activation proteins. The mRNA levels of inflammatory genes and the activation levels of target proteins were identified by quantitative and semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Results: CK significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ and morphological changes in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells under noncytotoxic concentrations. CK downregulated the phosphorylation of AKT1, but not AKT2, in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. Similarly, CK reduced the AKT1 overexpression-induced expression of aldehyde oxidase 1, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, interferon-${\beta}$, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: Our results suggest that CK plays an antiinflammatory role during macrophage-mediated inflammatory actions by specifically targeting the AKT1-mediated signaling pathway.

• Korean journal of dermatology
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• v.56 no.10
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• pp.594-602
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• 2018

Background: Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is typically a medication-induced acute febrile eruption. Few large-scale studies have reported clinical data regarding AGEP in Korea. Objective: This study analyzed the clinical and histopathological features of AGEP in Koreans to identify recent trends in this context. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 31 patients with AGEP. Age, sex, clinical features, etiologies, laboratory findings, histopathological features, and treatment outcomes were obtained from patients' medical records and photographs. Results: The mean age of onset was 43.6 years, and the male : female ratio was 2.1 : 1. All patients showed non-follicular tiny pustules and erythema. Fever was reported in 13 patients and neutrophilia in 17 patients. Medications were considered the most common etiological contributors. Twenty patients showed drug-induced AGEP, and 11 of 20 patients showed antibiotic-induced AGEP. Serum C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase levels increased in 93.8% and 77.8% of the patients, respectively. Histopathologically, all patients showed subcorneal or intraepidermal pustules, followed by exocytosis and neutrophilic dermal infiltrate. Twenty-five patients improved within a mean period of 7.5 days after the onset of the skin rash. The percentage of women in the drug-induced AGEP group was significantly higher than that in the non-drug-induced AGEP group. Conclusion: This report describes a large-scale study that analyzed the clinical and histopathological features of AGEP in Koreans and seems to accurately reflect the recent trends in this context. Clinically, it is important to note that the percentage of women in the drug-induced AGEP group was higher than that in groups showing other etiologies of AGEP.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.619-623
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• 2018

Bovine coccidiosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases affecting calf productivity. Here, we investigated the prevalence of Eimeria spp. in pre-weaned native Korean calves and determined the correlation between diarrhea and Eimeria spp. Fecal samples were collected from individual calves (288 normal and 191 diarrheic) in 6 different farms. Of the 479 samples, Eimeria oocysts were detected in 124 calves (25.9%). Five Eimeria spp. were identified; E. zuernii (18.8%) was the most prevalent, followed by E. auburnensis (12.5%), E. bovis (7.5%), E. subspherica (5.8%), and E. bukidnonensis (1.0%). A significant correlation was observed between diarrhea and mixed infection with more than 2 Eimeria spp. (odds ratio [OR]=2.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-4.49; P=0.03) compared to single infection (OR=1.29; 95% CI: 0.77-2.15; P=0.33). Of the 5 Eimeria spp. identified, E. subspherica (95% CI: 1.24-5.61; P=0.01) and E. bukidnonensis (95% CI: 825.08-1,134.25; P=0.00) strongly increased the risk of diarrhea by 2.64-fold and 967.39-fold, respectively, compared to other species. Moreover, mixed infection with E. auburnensis and E. bukidnonensis was significantly associated with diarrhea (OR=2,388.48; 95% CI: 1,009.71-5,650.00; P<0.00) in pre-weaned native Korean calves. This is the first report to demonstrate the importance of E. bukidnonensis associated with diarrhea in pre-weaned native Korean calves. Further epidemiological studies should investigate the prevalence of E. bukidnonensis and the association between E. bukidnonensis and diarrhea.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.29-32
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• 2019

Burcucumber (Sicyos angluatus) is a representative ecosystem-disturbing plant in Korea and currently widely spread throughout the country. A sclerotia-forming fungus with moderate host selectivity, Sclerotinia trifoliorum BWC98-105, was tested in the laboratory, green house and natural habitat for its pathogenicity to burcucumber. When mycelial culture fragment was inoculated to burcucumber seedlings under the green house condition, mycelial growth was observed in the following day, and then resulted in the onset of wilting from 5 days after inoculation (DAI). Its characteristic sclerotia as a sign was observed from 7 DAI, and thus plants turned into dark-brown color at the bottom of stem of burcucumber that was eventually blighted at 14 DAI. Similar visible symptoms were observed in natural habitat. Based on the results of showing typical blight symptom to burcucumber and the sign of sclerotia, we report S. trifoliorum BWC98-105 causing stem blight against burcucumber. Its globular pellet was considered of having quite potential as a bioherbicide to control burcucumber in Korea.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.133-138
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• 2019

The present study was performed to identify the nematodes recovered from the Eurasian jay, Garrulus glandarius brandtii, from Daejeon Metropolitan City, the Republic of Korea. Total five nematode worms were detected in the body cavities of two out of the twenty birds necropsied, and they were identified using morphological features, light and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and molecular (18S rRNA analysis) methods. The nematodes were all female Diplotriaena manipoli and had numerous eggs at different developmental stages in the uterus. The nematodes were long and slender measuring about 123-145 mm. The eight submedian cephalic papillae were arranged into four large, outer papillae and four small, inner-circle papillae. A pair of amphidal pores were located at the lateral portion of the mouth. The manubrium apex of trident was rounded and three branches of trident were bluntly rounded at the posterior ends. Using 18S rRNA partial sequence arrangements, DNA analysis of nematode worms was also carried out, and they were identified to be close to the Serratospiculum tendo based on a phylogenic tree analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the molecular characterization and SEM study of D. manipoli.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.151-160
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• 2021

Despite recent studies, relatively few are known about the diversity of fungal communities in the deep Atlantic Ocean. In this study, we investigated the diversity of fungal communities in 15 different deep-sea sediments from the South Atlantic Ocean with a culture-dependent approach followed by phylogenetic analysis of ITS sequences. A total of 29 fungal strains were isolated from the 15 deep-sea sediments. These strains belong to four fungal genera, including Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, and Alternaria. Penicillium, accounting for 44.8% of the total fungal isolates, was a dominant genus. The antiaflatoxigenic activity of these deep-sea fungal isolates was studied. Surprisingly, most of the strains showed moderate to strong antiaflatoxigenic activity. Four isolates, belonging to species of Penicillium polonicum, Penicillium chrysogenum, Aspergillus versicolor, and Cladosporium cladosporioides, could completely inhibit not only the mycelial growth of Aspergillus parasiticus mutant strain NFRI-95, but also the aflatoxin production. To our knowledge, this is the first report to investigate the antiaflatoxigenic activity of culturable deep-sea fungi. Our results provide new insights into the community composition of fungi in the deep South Atlantic Ocean. The high proportion of strains that displayed antiaflatoxigenic activity demonstrates that deep-sea fungi from the Atlantic Ocean are valuable resources for mining bioactive compounds.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2021

To date, there is no report on the genetic diversity of ticks in these regions. A total of 370 representative ticks from the south and east regions of Kazakhstan (SERK) and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR) were selected for molecular comparison. A fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene, ranging from 631 bp to 889 bp, was used to analyze genetic diversity among these ticks. Phylogenetic analyses indicated 7 tick species including Hyalomma asiaticum, Hyalomma detritum, Hyalomma anatolicum, Dermacentor marginatus, Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rhipicephalus turanicus and Haemaphysalis erinacei from the SERK clustered together with conspecific ticks from the XUAR. The network diagram of haplotypes showed that i) Hy. asiaticum from Almaty and Kyzylorda Oblasts together with that from Yuli County of XUAR constituted haplogroup H-2, and the lineage from Chimkent City of South Kazakhstan was newly evolved; and ii) the R. turanicus ticks sampled in Israel, Almaty, South Kazakhstan, Usu City, Ulugqat and Baicheng Counties of XUAR were derivated from an old lineage in Alataw City of XUAR. These findings indicate that: i) Hy. asiaticum, R. turanicus and Ha. erinacei shared genetic similarities between the SERK and XUAR; and ii) Hy. marginatum and D. reticulatus show differences in their evolution.