Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

The Korea Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine (대한기생충학·열대의학회)
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Epidemiological Survey on Eimeria spp. Associated with Diarrhea in Pre-weaned Native Korean Calves

  • Kim, Hyeon-Cheol (College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choe, Changyoung (Animal Disease & Biosecurity Team, National Institute of Animal science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, SuHee (Animal Disease & Biosecurity Team, National Institute of Animal science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Chae, Joon-Seok (Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yu, Do-Hyeon (Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Park, Jinho (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Bae-Keun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Choi, Kyoung-Seong (College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2018.07.23
  • Accepted : 2018.10.31
  • Published : 2018.12.31
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Abstract

Bovine coccidiosis is one of the most important parasitic diseases affecting calf productivity. Here, we investigated the prevalence of Eimeria spp. in pre-weaned native Korean calves and determined the correlation between diarrhea and Eimeria spp. Fecal samples were collected from individual calves (288 normal and 191 diarrheic) in 6 different farms. Of the 479 samples, Eimeria oocysts were detected in 124 calves (25.9%). Five Eimeria spp. were identified; E. zuernii (18.8%) was the most prevalent, followed by E. auburnensis (12.5%), E. bovis (7.5%), E. subspherica (5.8%), and E. bukidnonensis (1.0%). A significant correlation was observed between diarrhea and mixed infection with more than 2 Eimeria spp. (odds ratio [OR]=2.21; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-4.49; P=0.03) compared to single infection (OR=1.29; 95% CI: 0.77-2.15; P=0.33). Of the 5 Eimeria spp. identified, E. subspherica (95% CI: 1.24-5.61; P=0.01) and E. bukidnonensis (95% CI: 825.08-1,134.25; P=0.00) strongly increased the risk of diarrhea by 2.64-fold and 967.39-fold, respectively, compared to other species. Moreover, mixed infection with E. auburnensis and E. bukidnonensis was significantly associated with diarrhea (OR=2,388.48; 95% CI: 1,009.71-5,650.00; P<0.00) in pre-weaned native Korean calves. This is the first report to demonstrate the importance of E. bukidnonensis associated with diarrhea in pre-weaned native Korean calves. Further epidemiological studies should investigate the prevalence of E. bukidnonensis and the association between E. bukidnonensis and diarrhea.

Keywords

References

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