• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.108-131
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• 2021

The increase of international trade across countries and borders results in increased risks associated with the inflow of new pests and diseases. These risks are likely to be increased more rapidly due to climate change. Some countries implement strict regulations on imports to prevent these risks and protect biosecurity, food safety, and public health. However, the problems arise when the diseases and pests are found in a country where their economic structure largely depends on agricultural exports and cause ripple effects on other industries and ecosystems. Therefore, establishing an effective quarantine system is essential to protect and recover from the damage caused by non-native diseases and pests. This study's objectives are 1) analyzing the agricultural policies relate to the quarantine system on diseases and pests in Korea, 2) evaluating the Korea plant quarantine system's value, and 3) simulating plant quarantine policy strategies. We estimated the Korean quarantine system's benefits on diseases and pests to reach these objectives. The benefits are measured with a willingness to pay from respondents surveyed by the contingent valuation method (CVM). The CVM approach directly asks people how much they would willingly pay for food security. Finally, the Korean quarantine system's values are simulated with several policy scenarios and different scales of infection at the regional level. The results of this study can deliver policy implications on the quarantine system innovation in developing countries including Asia.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 1995

A single-blind comparative study was performed using haloperidol as a reference drug in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nemonapride, a new benzamide derivative, in sixty-nine Korean schizophrenic patients. the total period of the study was 8 weeks, maximum dosage of nemonapride was 36mg and that of haloperidol was 24mg. Psychopathology and extrapyramidal symptoms were assessed every week or four weeks until the end of the 8th week using the PANSS, BPRS, and 4 point general side effect check list, The drug safety was assessed every week until the end of the 8th week using vital sign, body weight, EEG, EKG, and blood chemistry. In total. one patient discontinued nemonapride treatment and seven patients discontinued haloperidol treatment before the end of the study. Therefore sixty-one patients(88 %) completed the study. PNASS and BPRS scores of the two groups on the end study point demonstrated a significant improvement compared with baseline score. The number of patients who had a clinical improvement of at least 20% in baseline score was similiar in both treatment groups. The difference of Simpson's rating scale socres were significant in both groups, and mean scores were more high in the haloperidol group than in nemonapride group. No significant EKG, EEG changes were induced, no relevant change in body weight or clinical laboratory parameters were observed in the sixty-one patients during 8 weeks and no Significant difference in the both groups. From these results, nemonapride is considered to be a clinically useful drug having a wide range of antipsychotic effect in schzophrenic patients.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 사면안정 확보를 위해 설치된 억지말뚝과 보강사면의 안전율을 산정할 수 있는 간편설계 법을 제안하였다. 억지말뚝-지반간 상호작용은 하중전이법으로, 사면의 안전율은 Bishop의 간편법을 이용하여 산정하였다. 말뚝 간격에 따른 군말뚝 효과를 고려하기 위해 실내모형실험 및 유한요소해석을 수행하였으며 이 결과를 토대로 군말뚝 상호작용계수를 제안하였다. 제안된 군말뚝 상호작용계수는 말뚝중심간격이 좁아질수록 감소하였으며, 두부조건이 자유단인 경우가 다른 구속조건에 비해 큰 폭으로 감소하였다. 개발된 억지말뚝의 설계기법은 본 연구에서 수행한 원심모형실험, 현장시험 및 기존 유한요소해석결과와 비교.분석하였다. 본 해석프로그램은 3차원 유한요소해석에 비해 쉽고 간단하면서도 말뚝-지반간 상호작용에 의해 매우 복잡한 거동을 나타내는 억지말뚝을 비교적 적절히 설계 할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.294-305
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• 2018

Quantitative assessment on the impact from North Korean emissions to surface particulate matter(PM) concentration in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), South Korea is conducted using a 3-dimensional chemistry transport model. Transboundary transport of air pollutants and their precursors are important to understand regional air quality in East Asian countries. As North Korea locates in the middle of main transport pathways of Chinese pollutants, quantifiable estimation of its impact is essential for policy making in South Korean air quality management. In this study, the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System is utilized to simulate regional air quality and its sensitivity, using the Comprehensive Regional Emissions inventory for Atmospheric Transport Experiment 2015 and the Clean Air Policy Support System 2013 emissions inventories for North and South Korea, respectively. Contributions were estimated by a brute force method, perturbing 50% of North and South Korean emissions. Simulations demonstrate that North Korean emissions contribute $3.89{\mu}g/m^3$ of annual surface PM concentrations in the SMA, which accounts 14.7% of the region's average. Impacts are dominant in nitrate and organic carbon (OC) concentrations, attributing almost 40% of SMA OC concentration during January and February. Clear seasonal variations are also found in North Korean emissions contribution to South Korea (and vice versa) due to seasonal characteristics of synoptic weather, especially by the change of seasonal flow patterns.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2020

With the coal mining depth increasing, both stress and gas pressure rapidly enhance, causing coal and gas outburst risk to become more complex and severe. The conventional method for prediction of coal and gas outburst adopts one prediction index and corresponding critical value to forecast and cannot reflect all the factors impacting coal and gas outburst, thus it is characteristic of false and missing forecasts and poor accuracy. For the reason, based on analyses of both the prediction indicators and the factors impacting coal and gas outburst at the test site, this work carefully selected 6 prediction indicators such as the index of gas desorption from drill cuttings Δh₂, the amount of drill cuttings S, gas content W, the gas initial diffusion velocity index ΔP, the intensity of electromagnetic radiation E and its number of pulse N, constructed the Bayes discriminant analysis (BDA) index system, studied the BDA-based multi-index comprehensive model for forecast of coal and gas outburst risk, and used the established discriminant model to conduct coal and gas outburst prediction. Results showed that the BDA - based multi-index comprehensive model for prediction of coal and gas outburst has an 100% of prediction accuracy, without wrong and omitted predictions, can also accurately forecast the outburst risk even for the low indicators outburst. The prediction method set up by this study has a broad application prospect in the prediction of coal and gas outburst risk.

• Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.553-570
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• 2020

To address the problems caused by the strong coupling of an airbreathing hypersonic vehicle's airframe and propulsion to the integrated control system design, an integrated airframe-propulsion model is established, and the coupling characteristics between the aircraft and engine are analyzed. First, the airframe-propulsion integration model is established based on the typical nonlinear longitudinal dynamical model of an air-breathing hypersonic vehicle and the one-dimensional dual-mode scramjet model. Thrust, moment, angle of attack, altitude, and velocity are used as transfer variables between the aircraft model and the engine model. The one-dimensional scramjet model can accurately reflect the working state of the engine and provide data to support the coupling analysis. Second, owing to the static instability of the aircraft model, the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) controller of the aircraft is designed to ensure attitude stability and height tracking. Finally, the coupling relationship between the aircraft and the engine is revealed through simulation examples. The interaction between vehicle attitude and engine working condition is analyzed, and the influence of vehicle attitude on engine safety is considered. When the engine is in a critical working state, the attitude change of the aircraft will not affect the engine safety without considering coupling, whereas when coupling is considered, the attitude change of the aircraft may cause the engine unstart, which demonstrates the significance of considering coupling characteristics.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.301-313
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• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to discriminate between normal hulled barley and Fusarium (Fusarium asiaticum and Fusarium graminearum) infected hulled barley by using the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique. Methods: Fusarium asiaticum and Fusarium graminearum were artificially inoculated in hulled barley and the reflectance spectrum of the barley spike was obtained by using a near-infrared spectral sensor with wavelength band in the range 1,175-2,170 nm. After obtaining the spectrum of the specimen, the hulled barley was cultivated in a greenhouse and visually inspected for infections. Results: From a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) prediction model developed from the raw spectrum data of the hulled barley, the discrimination accuracy for the normal and infected hulled barley was 99.82% (563/564) and 100% (672/672), respectively. Conclusions: NIRS is effective as a quick and nondestructive method to detect whether hulled barley has been infected with Fusarium. Further, it expected that NIRS will be able to detect Fusarium infections in other grains as well.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2009

In this study, the effects of psychosocial stress (box color and precision demand) on muscle activity were evaluated in laboratory setting. Eight subjects performed sagittally symmetric lifting tasks. Box color (yellow, black), precision demand (yes, no), and box weight (5%MVC, 10%MVC, 15 %MVC) were varied and surface EMG signals from seven muscles(medial deltoid right, biceps brachii right, lateral triceps right, latissimus dorsi right, erector spinae right, external oblique right, internal oblique right) were recorded. EMG signals were band-pass filtered($10{\sim}400\;Hz$), rectified, RMS smoothed and normalized (NEMG). Analysis of variance tests were conducted on the total NEMG (TNEMG: the sum of the seven muscles' NEMGs) and on the individual muscle's NEMGs. Box color had no effect on the TNEMG and on the seven muscles activities(p>0.05). When precision demand was required at the end point of lifts, the mean NEMG showed higher values than no precision demand conditions: TNEMG (14% increase) and medial deltoid(40% increase), biceps brachii(10% increase), lateral triceps(26% increase), latissimus dorsi(25% increase) muscles. Those increases showed more conspicuous as the box weight increased in the muscles of medial deltoid, lateral triceps, and latissimus dorsi.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2019

Objectives: In this study, we investigated an assessment for exposure levels of hazardous substances to kids cafes that unregulated by law. Methods: Heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, pesticides and phthalate were measured at 20 kids cafes in Gyeonggi-do and Incheon. Samplings were conducted from April to July in 2018. Results: Heavy metals were detected over the standard mainly around the floor and walls in the 19 kids cafes. Pesticides were detected in 7 locations with chlorpyrifos, diazinon and cypermethrin, and showed the highest detection level of chlorpyrifos. The concentrations of DEHP in all kids cafes were exceeded with standard. The risk assessment results showed that HCHO as carcinogen had a safety level and DEHP as non-carcinogens had a safety level as assessed to be under than 0.1. Conclusions: Considering the exposure investigation results and the importance of child health protection, kids cafe should be included in the legal management list of children's activities zones.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2016

본 총설에서는 비-플라보노이드 폴리페놀인 레스베라트롤이 간, 골격근 및 지방조직에서 지질대사에 관계된 다양한 신호전달체계를 조절하여 지질 대사 효과를 유발시키는 과정에 관해 고찰하였다. 구체적으로 in vitro 연구에서 레스베라트롤은 지방생성을 줄여주고 apoptosis를 증가시켜 지방세포의 발달과정에 기인하며, 지방세포의 분화에 있어 중요한 전사인자인 $C/EBP{\beta}$, $C/EBP{\alpha}$, SREBP1c 및 $PPAR{\gamma}$의 활성을 감소시켜 항 비만 효과를 유발하는 효과가 있다는 것이 많은 논문들을 통해 증명되었다(Fig. 2). 또한, in vivo 연구에서 레스베라트롤은 지방 축적 과정을 억제하고 지질 분해 및 산화 경로를 자극하여 체지방 증가율을 감소시킨다는 것이 증명되었다. 최근 다양한 연구의 결과물(Table 2)들은 레스베라트롤이 지방생성, 지방분해, 열발생 및 지방산 산화에 관여하며 또한, 백색 지방을 갈색 지방으로 변화시키는 능력이 있다는 것을 증명하였다. 흥미롭게도 레스베라트롤은 비만뿐만이 아닌 심장발작 및 뇌졸중과 같은 다양한 대사질환을 예방하는데 도움이 되고, 결장암 및 간암 세포의 성장을 억제하는 효능이 있다는 사실이 밝혀지기도 하였다. 하지만 인간에 대한 레스베라트롤의 명확한 메커니즘을 알지 못하고 인간에게 나타나는 부작용에 관한 연구가 없기 때문에, 안전성을 확보하기 위해서는 다양한 실험모델을 이용한 레스베라트롤의 단기간 및 장기간에 대한 깊은 연구가 요구된다.