PM2.5 Simulations for the Seoul Metropolitan Area: (V) Estimation of North Korean Emission Contribution |
Bae, Minah
(Department of Environmental & Safety Engineering, Ajou University)
Kim, Hyun Cheol (Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Kim, Byeong-Uk (Georgia Environmental Protection Division) Kim, Soontae (Department of Environmental & Safety Engineering, Ajou University) |
1 | Watts, N., Amann, M., Ayeb-Karlsson, S., Belesova, K., Bouley, T., Boykoff, M., Byass, P., Cai, W., Campbell-Lendrum, D., Chambers, J., Cox, P.M., Daly, M., Dasandi, N., Davies, M., Depledge, M., Depoux, A., Dominguez-Salas, P., Drummond, P., Ekins, P., Flahault, A., Frumkin, H., Georgeson, L., Ghanei, M., Grace, D., Graham, H., Grojsman, R., Haines, A., Hamilton, I., Hartinger, S., Johnson, A., Kelman, I., Kiesewetter, G., Kniveton, D., Liang, L., Lott, M., Lowe, R., Mace, G., Odhiambo Sewe, M., Maslin, M., Mikhaylov, S., Milner, J., Latif, A.M., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Morrissey, K., Murray, K., Neville, T., Nilsson, M., Oreszczyn, T., Owf, F., Pencheon, D., Pye, S., Rabbaniha, M., Robinson, E., Rocklov, J., Schütte, S., Shumake-Guillemot, J., Steinbach, R., Tabatabaei, M., Wheeler, N., Wilkinson, P., Gong, P., Montgomery, H., Costello, A. (2017) The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: from 25 years of inaction to a global transformation for public health, The Lancet, http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)32464-9/references (accessed on Dec. 12, 2017). |
2 | Wittig, A.E., Takahama, S., Khlystov, A.Y., Pandis, S.N., Hering, S., Kirby, B., Davidson, C. (2004) Semi-continuous inorganic composition measurements during the Pittsburgh Air Quality Study, Atmospheric Environment, 38(20), 3201-3213. DOI |
3 | Kim, H.C., Kim, S., Kim, B.-U., Jin, C.-S., Hong, S., Park, R., Son, S.-W., Bae, C., Bae, M., Song, C.-K., Stein, A. (2017c) Recent increase of surface particulate matter concentrations in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, Korea, Scientifc Reports, 7. |
4 | Kim, I.-S., Lee, J.-Y., Kim, Y.-P. (2011) Energy usage and emissions of air pollutants in North Korea, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 27(3), 303-312. (in Korean with English abstract) DOI |
5 | Kim, I.S., Lee, J.Y., Kim, Y.P. (2013) Impact of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emissions from North Korea to the air quality in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, South Korea, Atmospheric Environment, 70, 159-165. DOI |
6 | Kim, N.K., Kim, Y.P., Morino, Y., Kurokawa, J., Ohara, T. (2014) Verification of emission inventories over North Korea, Environmental Pollution, 195, 236-244. DOI |
7 | Kim, S., Bae, C., Yoo, C., Kim, B.-U., Kim, H.C., Moon, N. (2017d) simulations for the Seoul Metropolitan Area: (II) Estimation of self-contributions and emission-to- conversion rates for each source category, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 33(4), 377-392. (in Korean with English abstract) DOI |
8 | Ghim, Y.S., Choi, Y., Kim, S., Bae, C.H., Park, J., Shin, H.J. (2017) Model performance evaluation and bias correction effect analysis for forecasting concentrations, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 33(1), 11-18. (in Korean with English abstract) DOI |
9 | Kim, Y.P., Yeo, M.J. (2013) The trend of the concentrations of the criteria pollutants over Seoul, Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 29(4), 369-377. (in Korean with English abstract) DOI |
10 | Emery, C., Liu, Z., Russell, A.G., Odman, M.T., Yarwood, G., Kumar, N. (2017) Recommendations on statistics and benchmarks to assess photochemical model performance, Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 67(5), 582-598. DOI |
11 | National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) (2013) Guidance for Developing National Emission Inventories of Criteria Air Pollutants in South Korea, http://airemiss.nier.go.kr (accessed on Dec. 22, 2017). (in Korean) |
12 | Kim, Y.M., Kim, J.W. (2008) A study on the estimation of air pollutants emission for North Korea, Korea Environmental Policy and Administration Society, 16(2), 151-177. (in Korean with English abstract) |
13 | Stein, A.F., Draxler, R.R., Rolph, G.D., Stunder, B.J.B., Cohen, M.D., Ngan, F. (2015a) NOAA's HYSPLIT atmospheric transport and dispersion modeling system, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96, 2059-2077. DOI |
14 | Stein, A.F., Ngan, F., Draxler, R.R., Chai, T. (2015b) Potential use of transport and dispersion model ensembles for forecasting applications, Weather and Forecasting, 30(3), 639-655. DOI |
15 | Lee, J.Y., Kim, Y.P. (2007) Source apportionment of the particulate PAHs at Seoul, Korea: impact of long range transport to a megacity, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7, 3587-3596. |
16 | Ministry Of Environment (MOE) (2017) Comprehensive Plan Report, http://www.me.go.kr/home/file/readDownloadFile.do?fileId=152146&fileSeq=1 (accessed on Dec. 22, 2017). (in Korean) |
17 | Skamarock, W.C., Klemp, J.B. (2008) A time-split nonhydrostatic atmospheric model for weather research and forecasting applications, Journal of Computational Physics, 227(7), 3465-3485. DOI |
18 | Baker, J. (2010) A cluster analysis of long range air transport pathways and associated pollutant concentrations within the UK, Atmospheric Environment, 44(4), 563-571. DOI |
19 | Benjey, W., Houyoux, M., Susick, J. (2001) Implementation of the SMOKE emission data processor and SMOKE tool input data processor in models-3, US EPA. |
20 | Byun, D., Schere, K.L. (2006) Review of the governing equations, computational algorithms, and other components of the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system, Applied Mechanics Reviews, 59(2), 51-77. DOI |
21 | Kim, B.-U., Bae, C., Kim, H.C., Kim, E., Kim, S. (2017a) Spatially and chemically resolved source apportionment analysis: Case study of high particulate matter event, Atmospheric Environment, 162, 55-70. DOI |
22 | Guenther, C.C. (2006) Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 6, 3181-3210. DOI |
23 | Itahashi, S., Uno, I., Kim, S. (2013) Seasonal source contributions of tropospheric ozone over East Asia based on CMAQ-HDDM, Atmospheric Environment, 70, 204-217. DOI |
24 | Jung, H.S., Lee, S.S. (2005) Environmental problem and policy of North Korea, PLANNING AND POLICY. (in Korean) |
25 | Kim, H.C., Kim, S., Son, S.-W., Lee, P., Jin, C.-S., Kim, E., Kim, B.-U., Ngan, F., Bae, C., Song, C.-K., Stein, A. (2016) Synoptic perspectives on pollutant transport patterns observed by satellites over East Asia: Case studies with a conceptual model, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions. |
26 | Kim, H.C., Kim, E., Bae, C., Cho, J.H., Kim, B.-U., Kim, S. (2017b) Regional contributions to particulate matter concentration in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, Korea: Seasonal variation and sensitivity to meteorology and emissions inventory, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17(17), 10315-10332. DOI |