• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.159-173
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• 2015

The hand coordinate systems for measuring vibration exposures and biodynamic responses have been standardized, but they are not actually used in many studies. This contradicts the purpose of the standardization. The objectives of this study were to identify the major sources of this problem, and to help define or identify better coordinate systems for the standardization. This study systematically reviewed the principles and definition methods, and evaluated typical hand coordinate systems. This study confirms that, as accelerometers remain the major technology for vibration measurement, it is reasonable to standardize two types of coordinate systems: a tool-based basicentric (BC) system and an anatomically based biodynamic (BD) system. However, these coordinate systems are not well defined in the current standard. Definition of the standard BC system is confusing, and it can be interpreted differently; as a result, it has been inconsistently applied in various standards and studies. The standard hand BD system is defined using the orientation of the third metacarpal bone. It is neither convenient nor defined based on important biological or biodynamic features. This explains why it is rarely used in practice. To resolve these inconsistencies and deficiencies, we proposed a revised method for defining the realistic handle BC system and an alternative method for defining the hand BD system. A fingertip-based BD system for measuring the principal grip force is also proposed based on an important feature of the grip force confirmed in this study.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

기업부설연구소나 학교 내의 연구실에서 빈번하게 발생하는 안전사고를 예방하기 위해 2015년 연구실 안전환경 조성에 관한 법률이 제정되었다. 하지만, 연구실 안전을 위한 여러 제도가 동시에 운영되고 있어 근본적이고 총괄적인 안전관리 대책이 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 안전관리 검사체계 측면의 실효적인 개선방법을 제안하고자 먼저, 국내 연구실 안전관리 규정을 조사·비교하였으며, 규정 간 검사의 차이로 인해 발생하는 문제점을 도출하였다. 또한, 각 규정의 구체적인 검사항목을 시설측면과 관리측면으로 구분하여 비교하고, 그 개선 방법을 제안하였다. 그 결과 동일한 연구실임에도 불구하고 시기에 따라 다른 법령에 따른 검사로 관리되고 있었으며, 검사항목에서도 화학시설의 구조 및 성능에 관한 안전기준을 중점과 시약 및 폐액의 보관 상태, 독성물질의 관리상태 등의 관리기준 중점으로 차이가 있었다. 본 연구에서 고찰한 문제점과 제안은 연구실 사고예방을 위한 근본적인 안전관리 체계로의 발전에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.1144-1156
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• 2008

In this paper, heaving phenomenon is analyzed by laboratory tests. A laboratory test is consist of building soft clay foundation in plane-strain soil tank, construction of retaining wall, and excavation work. And range of shear strain, and destruction shape about soft clay foundation is compared, and analyzed with results of proposal formula. Using this study, safety factor is suggested for heaving phenomenon in the construction of wall on the soft clay. Actual theory is suggested by this suggested safety factor. There are various proposal formula for heaving phenomenon. For example, Terzaghi & Peck, Tschebotarioff, Bjerrum & Eide(Experience formula) and so on. Terzaghi & Peck's proposal formula is chosen, compared with laboratory test's result and analyzed in this study. A soft clay used in study is assumed homogeneous. A Depth of foundation is enough to observe shear strain by heaving phenomenon. Retaining wall is enough hard not to have vertical displacement.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.118-127
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• 2018

The study aims present data collection on the current state of safety and safety consciousness in universities' laboratories to verify the relation between investigation factors and further draw implications. The first finding is that laboratories with high risk level do not have better safety management performance than those with lower risk level. Secondly, labs that experienced accidents has a higher level of control than those without any. Regarding to the university's acceptance of safety requirements, the group with a high level of risk awareness or accidents were concerned that their universities did not provide sufficient support in safety management. It means that safety is low on the list of priorities in Universities' overall agenda and individual labs are responsible of their own safety. Most of the causes of accidents in the labs are man-made than physical errors. It requires that continuous safety educations and measures through safe research activities are means to eliminate and reduce the individual's safety frigidity. Through the survey, it is known that current education's system and contents are too generalized to reflect the characteristics of each laboratory. Thus, it is difficult to recognize various risk situations and to actually prevent safety accidents. Therefore, it is necessary to shift to customized curriculum and system for various major fields.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.737-741
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• 2024

공공기관 실험실은 화학물질을 취급하는 시설로써 소량이지만 다양한 종류를 취급하고 있어 소량 취급시설로서 안전관리를 하고 있다. 화학물질의 유해성은 취급규모에 상관없이 발생할 수 있으며, 소량 취급시설일지라도 강산 등 위험성이 큰 물질을 취급하기 때문에 화학사고 발생가능성을 가지고 있다. 따라서 화학물질을 취급하는 공공기관 실험실 종사자를 대상으로 설문조사를 통해 안전의식을 조사하여 의식수준을 분석하였다. 분석결과는 조사항목인 안전관련규정 및 작업절차, 안전보건 조직, 안전보건 교육, 실험실 안전보건관리에 대해서 각각 제시했으며, 향후 안전보건 정책 및 계획의 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2022

Background: Workers are exposed to several risks in academic laboratories due to the presence of potentially hazardous substances. The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of accident occurrence and associated risk factors among laboratory workers at the scientific laboratories of the public university in Lebanon and the impact of safety measures training and availability. Methods: In this observational study, a survey was conducted for one year in scientific laboratories at faculties of the public university. Results: Among the participants (N = 220), 45.0% have had accidents; the main cause was exposure to chemicals (73.7%) and more specifically by inhalation (45.4%). Females (85.9%) were more exposed to accidents than males. Laboratory workers with a master's degree, a full-time schedule, and more than ten years of experience were significantly more exposed to accidents (p < 0.05). A significant association was found between accident occurrence and training on management of hazardous products (p = 0.044), risks related to workplace (p = 0.030), eyewash and emergency shower (p < 0.001), first aid (p = 0.012), and facial protection availability (p = 0.019). In spite of the lack of safety culture and efficient training on laboratory safety, participants have shown a very good perception regarding safety measures to be applied in case of work accidents. Conclusion: Based on our findings, the prevalence of accident occurrence is elevated among lab workers at the public university. The impact of regular training on laboratory safety preventive measures is of great importance to ensure the efficiency of occupational health and safety in scientific laboratories.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.1901-1910
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• 2023

The safety-class (1E) digital control system (DCS) of nuclear power plant characterized structural multiple redundancies, therefore, it is important to quantitatively evaluate the reliability of DCS in different degree of backup loss. In this paper, a reliability evaluation model based on T-S fuzzy fault tree (FT) is proposed for 1E DCS of nuclear power plant, in which the connection relationship between components is described by T-S fuzzy gates. Specifically, an output rejection control system is chosen as an example, based on the T-S fuzzy FT model, the key indicators such as probabilistic importance are calculated, and for a further discussion, the T-S fuzzy FT model is transformed into Bayesian Network(BN) equivalently, and the fault diagnosis based on probabilistic analysis is accomplished. Combined with the analysis of actual objects, the effectiveness of proposed method is proved.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2019

This study statistically analyzed the laboratory accidents by investigating 806 laboratory accident survey reports which were officially submitted to government from 2013 to June 2017. After comparing domestic and foreign accident classification criteria, the laboratory accidents were classified using KCD7(Korean Standard Classification of Diseases) and OIICS(Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System) criteria. For the type and part of injury, KCD7 classification criteria was adopted. And, for the cause and occurrence type of accidents, OIICS was adopted to analyze the laboratory accidents. Most of injuries happened to the wrist and hand caused by sharp materials or chemical materials. The analysis of accident cause showed that accidents resulted in medical practice and accidents from handtools and chemical materials such as acid and alkali frequently occurred. The major occurrence types of laboratory accidents was body exposure to the chemical materials such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. In addition, the accidents resulted in destroy of grasped object or falling object were frequently reported.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.1679-1686
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• 2024

Graphite material plays an important role in nuclear reactors especially the high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) by its outstanding comprehensive nuclear properties. The structural integrity of graphite pebble fuel elements is the first barrier to core safety under any circumstances. The correct knowledge of the stiffness coefficient of the graphite pebble fuel element inside the reactor's core is significant to ensure the valid design and inherent safety. In this research, a vertical extrusion device was set up to measure the stiffness coefficient of the graphite pebble fuel element by the Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology (INET) of Tsinghua University in China. The stiffness coefficient equations of graphite pebble fuel elements at different temperatures are given (in a helium atmosphere). The result first provides the data on the high-temperature stiffness coefficient of pebbles in helium gas. The result will be helpful for the engineering safety analysis of pebble-bed nuclear reactors.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2004년도 추계학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.267-268
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• 2004