• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.144-144
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• 2022

Identifying waterbody from remote sensing images, namely water detection, helps understand continuous redistribution of terrestrial water storage and accompanying hydrological processes. It also allows us to estimate available surface water resources and help effective water management. For this problem, NDWI (Normalized Difference Water Index) and MNDWI (Modified Normalized Difference Water Index) are widely used. Although remote sensing indexes can highlight remote sensing image in the water, the noise and the spatial information of the remote sensing image are difficult to be considered, so the accuracy is difficult to be compared with the visual interpretation (the most accurate method, but it requires a lot of labor, which makes it difficult to apply). In this study, we attempt to improve existing NDWI and MNDWI to better water detection. We establish waterbody database of South Korea first and then used it for assessing waterbody indices.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.3-22
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• 2016

본 논문은 미얀마의 개혁과 개방이후의 무역패턴을 분석하고 동아시아의 한국과 중국 및 일본과의 무역패턴을 분석하였다. 미얀마의 비교우위구조와 국제분업구조를 RCA지수와 TSI지수를 이용하여 분석하였다. 분석기간은 개방 직후인 2012부터 자료 확보가 가능한 최근 2014으로 하였으며, 무역자료는 UN comtrade를 사용하였다. 분석결과 미얀마는 개방이후에 무역의 급격한 성장을 이루고 있을 뿐만 아니라 분업의 구조도 변화되고 있었다. 개방으로 2차산품의 무역비중이 증가하였을 뿐만 아니라 비교우위도 1차산품에서 2차 노동집약산업으로 이동하고 있었다. 한국과 중국 및 일본과의 무역에 있어서도 주로 1차산품과 노동집약재 중심으로 수출이 이루어졌다. 동아시아 3국간의 무역의 구조를 비교하면, 한국은 아직 미얀마와 초기단계의 무역구조를 보이고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 즉 중국과 일본은 미얀마와 무역 관계가 안정적인데 반해, 한국과 미얀마의 무역은 비교우위 패턴이 안정적이지 않은 것으로 나타났다.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.200-216
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• 2015

This paper empirically investigates the role of R&D intensity on market concentration of firms using four key market valuation variables, namely (1) market share, (2) labor intensity, (3) firm age and, (4) firm's market value. The empirical tests use database at firm level for the Indian IT sector from 1999 to 2013 from the CMIE Prowess database. The results of the regression analyses partially support our hypothesis that R&D intensity positively influences firm's market value measure by the H-index. The test results are consistent with the hypotheses that R&D spending is more valuable for firms with larger market shares, higher labor intensity, and firms that are diversified.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제19권38호
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• pp.117-129
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• 1996

This Study intends to analysis what 3 factors, which are indices of Capital, Labor and Distribution, really affect to Value-Added Productivity through Statistical Analysis. For this, We selected 12 indices of Value-Added from the edition of 'Annual report of Korean companies' published in 'Korea Investors Service., Inc', especially in parts of Chemicals and Chemical products of total 85 companies. Using this data, Multivariate Statistical Analysis such as Principal Component Analysis, Factor Analysis, Covariance Structure Analysis is taken for modeling the effect of 3 factor(Labor Productivity, Capital Productivity and the Index of Distribution) on Value-Added Productivity.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze an influence of industrial accident on industrial productivity. We analyzed relationship among industrial accident, labor force, and industrial productivity using vector error correction model (VECM). The data used in the analysis were the number of industrial accidents, the number of workers, and index of all industry production from January 2008 to June 2017 in Korea. Finally, the industrial accidents have played a role in reducing labor force and industrial productivity.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.127-141
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• 2021

This study evaluates the financial status of Korean households using Household Financial Composite Index (HFCI) proposed in the preceding study. We analyzed 1,566 households with four persons aged 30-59 using raw data from the Korea Labor Panel Survey in 2016. The analysis results are as follows. First, HFCI was found to be 57.0 out of 100. Growth Index as one of three subindices was 11.1, which was significantly lower with 65.0 points for Status Index and 61.1 points for the Stability Index. Second, for households with male household owners, the overall financial score was 57.0, while that with female owners was almost similar with 57.2. HFCI was similar for the owner's age groups, but for Status Index, 58.5 for 30s, compared with 66.1 for 40s and 67.1 for 50s. The higher the education level of household owners, the better HFCI, with 53.2 high school graduates and 64.8 graduate graduates, showing a high gap of 11.6 points. HFCI for households living in owned housing was highest at 60.0, while that for rented housing was 40.7. Third, after controlling other effects, it was found that HFCI differed according to the level of education and ownership of housing living. Householder's gender was not found as a significant factor on HFCI. Status Index The 40s and 50s was higher than those in their 30s. Fourth, households were divided into three groups based on HFCI, named as risk, average and secure groups. HFCI for the risk group was 26.8, which was lower than 78.6 for the secure group, with a Status Index of 19.3. Households in their 50s and graduate school graduates were significantly included in the list of secure groups than others.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2023

Purpose - Southeast Asia has been the focus of Korea's foreign investment. Korea has been helping developing countries in Southeast Asia achieve economic growth and win-win cooperation through capital exports. FDI is an important channel for technology diffusion. However, the impact of FDI on the bias of technological progress in the host country is dependent on the host country's own endowment structure and capital-labor factor substitution elasticity. Therefore, the central issue of this paper is to accurately evaluate the impact of Korea's FDI to the four Southeast Asian countries in various industries on their bias of technological progress. Design/methodology - The paper uses macroeconomic data for Korea and four East Asian countries to estimate capital-labor factor elasticities of substitution using nonlinear, seemingly uncorrelated regressions (NLSUR). Then, the biased technological change index (BTCI) is calculated for each country. Finally, panel data analysis is used to explore the impact of Korean FDI in various industries in the four Southeast Asian countries on their own directed technological progress, and a robustness test is conducted. Findings - There is a substitution relationship between capital and labor factors based on their elasticity in Korea, Singapore and the Philippines. There is a complementary relationship between capital and labor factors in Indonesia and Malaysia. According to the BTCI, there is a trend toward labor-biased technological progress in all countries. Korean investments in manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade in the host country trigger capital-biased technological change in the host country; investments in the finance, insurance and information and communication sectors trigger labor-biased technological change. In addition, this paper also confirms that directed technological progress can enable cross-country transmission. Originality/value - The innovation of this paper lies in three aspects. First, we estimate the BTCI for five countries and explore the trend and situation of directed technological progress in each country from each country's own perspective. Second, we explore the impact of Korean FDI in the host country on the bias to its technological progress at the industry level. Second, we explore the impact of Korean FDI in various industries in the four Southeast Asian countries on the four countries' own directed technological progress from a national perspective. Finally, we propose corresponding countermeasures for technological progress from the perspective of inverse factor endowment. These innovative points not only expand the understanding of technological progress and cross-country technology transfer in East Asia but also provide practical references for policy-makers and business operators.

• 지역연구
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.33-51
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• 2023

본 연구는 2010년부터 2020년까지 우리나라 지역노동시장권을 대상으로 업무 특성에 따른 직종 집단간 고용구조의 변화를 살펴보고, 임금 프리미엄에 미치는 영향요인을 분석하는 데에 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 분석은 크게 세 단계로 이루어진다. 첫째, 한국직업정보시스템의 『재직자조사』 원자료의 직종별 업무 특성 자료에 대해 탐색적 요인분석을 수행한 다음, 비단순반복 업무지수를 산출하여 일자리를 유형화한다. 둘째, 『인구총조사』원시 자료와『한국노동패널조사』자료를 결합해 개인 수준 및 지역 수준 자료를 구축한 다음, 2010년부터 2020년까지 직종별 고용 분포 변화를 분석한다. 셋째, 위계적 선형모형을 활용해 직종 집단별 임금 프리미엄에 영향을 미치는 개인 및 지역 수준 요인을 실증 분석한다. 분석 결과에 따르면, 2010년 이후 비단순반복 업무지수가 높은 직종의 고용비중은 계속해서 증가했으며, 대도시 지역노동시장에서 지배적인 고용구조를 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 도시화경제로 인한 집적경제 외부효과는 비단순반복 업무를 주로 요구하는 직업에 종사하는 임금근로자에게 유의한 임금 프리미엄을 제공하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 지역노동시장 맥락에 따른 일자리 구조의 전환과 임금불평등의 양상을 실증 분석함으로써 지역노동시장의 불평등과 양극화 완화를 위한 정책 대안 마련에 시사점을 제공하고자 했다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1993

These studies were conducted to: a) investigate work patterns and productivity indices, b) rate performance levels of employees and c) determine the suggested levels of personnel and labor hours for the effective labor control in school foodservice. Eighteen elementary school foodservices in Seoul were selected in order to analyze work patterns by the work sampling methodology. Allowance time and performance rating by VTR observation was done to determine the standardized labor hours. The results were as follows. The average percentage of each work function of the total work functions such as direct work function, indirect work function and delay were 65.57%, 8.12%, 26.31% respectively. The productivity index is 0.92 min/meal. The average working and delay hours per week of the foodservice director, foodservice employees and supply person were 33.64 hours, 23.25 hours, 38.52 hours respectively. The percentage of delay hours of total labor hours for foodservice employees and supply person were 42.27% and 24.0%. The standardized work hours and the appropriate levels of foodservice employees of 17 elementary school foodservices were examined: The average rating of the foodservice employees work was 1.19 and British Insulated Calendarer Cables (BICC) allowance rate was 19.40% on the average. The total work hours of foodservice employees were 172.64 hours per week and levels of personnel were 4.53 persons. BICC allowance rate was applied: The standardized work hours per week was 180.95 hours and appropriate levels of personnel were 4.11 persons based on legal 44 working hours.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.76-83
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the foodservice management practices and productivity in elementary schools in order to provide basic information for an efficient food service management. This approach was achieved using a variety quantitative and qualitative information including general foodservice management, managerial and operational factors, and the productivity in elementary school foodservice systems. The labor productivity in 28 school foodservice system was assessed and related to a number of influencing variables within the system. The productivity measurement was based upon the total meal equivalents as a ratio of the total direct and non-direct labor hours required to prepare these meals. Twenty-eight elementary schools located in Seoul and Kangnung were surveyed to get data for the variables. Questionnaire and a survey form were mailed. Statistical methods used in this study were descriptive analysis, $\chi$$^2$-test, 1-test and one-way ANOVA analysis. Elementary schools in Seoul were all located in urban areas, whereas elementary schools in Kangnung were in urban areas (40.0%), provincial areas (40.0%) and in isolated areas (20.0%). Total average number of meals including children and staff was 928.2${\pm}$ 650.0 with a yery significant difference (p<0.001) between Seoul and Kangnung. The average cost of school meal in Seoul and Kangnung were 1191.0 won and 1526.2 won, respectively. The result of Pearson Correlation analysis indicated that labor cost per meal, 1-week meal equivalents and meal equivalents per labor were significantly correlated with the productivity.