• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.61-78
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• 2018

Foreign subsidiary operation modes can be broadly divided into horizontal subsidiaries and vertical subsidiaries. According to institutional theory, foreign subsidiary operation mode differs depending on the host country institution. This study examines the effects of formal and informal institution on the foreign subsidiary operational mode of Korean firms. As a result of the empirical analysis, the higher the cultural distance and the lower political risks, the more favored the vertical foreign operation mode than the horizontal foreign operation mode. On the other hand, the higher the economic freedom and the lower corruption, the more favored the horizontal foreign operation mode than the vertical foreign operation mode.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.38-41
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze fourteen cases' HRR & SPR results on bed mattress's reaction-to-fire test in real scale where open flame burner system is used with total heat supply of 27 kW. Most cases show all burning within 5 minutes from the beginning of the test and 3 cases of them reach flashover situation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.259-265
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• 2005

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.189-206
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper attempted to verify the process by which a multinational corporation (MNC)'s subsidiary practices entrepreneurship to create effective knowledge (KC) in the local market. We have looked at whether subsidiary entrepreneurship (SENT) has a moderation effect in creating knowledge for the local market when a subsidiary has been given autonomy (AUT) from the headquarters (HQ). We also argue that when a subsidiary creates meaningful knowledge, the effect of the increased status by the HQ within the MNC network position (NP) has an indirect effect on whether knowledge is transferred to other overseas subsidiaries (KTO). Design/methodology - This paper used a structural equation model (SEM) of 282 effective foreign companies invested in Korea. To test the hypothesis about the process of SENT on KTO, descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability, convergent and discriminant validities, and common method bias were analyzed using STATA. In addition, the moderation effect was verified along with SEM. The moderation effect of AUT on SENT and KC was presented graphically by confirming \mathrm{\pm1} standard deviation of AUT for the main effect. Findings - Our findings are as follows. First, while the hypothesis about the direct effect of SENT and KC on KTO was not supported, all other hypotheses were supported. Second, both the AUT and moderating effect and the indirect effect of NP were significant. In the conclusion, these findings are discussed in relation to its various theoretical and practical implications. Originality/value - This study attempted to contribute to the knowledge creation theory of MNC by contemplating how subsidiaries can move away from HQ and grow in the local market. Although there is still a shortage of foreign investment in the Korean market, our practical implications offer guidance for how current subsidiaries can develop more than other overseas subsidiaries.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.425-446
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• 2011

There has been a conventional wisdom that a higher level of autonomy of a foreign subsidiary could lead to a higher level of subsidiary performance. Most MNCs seeking for managing localization efficiently followed this wisdom. But there has been no empirical evidence so far in academic journal that there is a clear positive relationship between subsidiary autonomy and performance. Recently most MNCs are trying to pursue a global strategy for managing foreign sudsidiaries, in which the coordination role of parent company is essential. For the MNCs seeking global strategy the coordination role of the parent and subsidiary autonomy appears to have a trade off relationship. It is uncertain in the situation that the positive relationship between subsidiary autonomy and performance is still effective. Therefore the purpose of the study is to provide an empirical evidence of the the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between subsidiary autonomy and performance, The study utilized the questionaire survey of Korean subsidiaries of MNCs. The empirical results of the study showed the significant positive relationship between two variables, which is cinsistent to the hypotheses.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.458-462
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• 2007

It is necessary to study a conductive characteristics of electrical facilities covered with particulate for the analysis of electrical accidents in vulnerable area where are included market place, a sawmill and so on. Therefore, there are studied on risk assessment and contact angle measure(CAM) according to surface deterioration of PVC and phenolic resin Through the contact angle measure of samples, there are ascertain whether hydrophobicity or not. These data would used to be judged by the causes of electrical accidents.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.8
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• pp.1106-1112
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• 2018

In this paper, measurement techniques are presented to test the performance of insulation without interruption if it is difficult to measure insulation resistance. Especially, non-contact voltage phase detection techniques have been developed that can be applied in environments where it is difficult to find voltage measurement locations such as component receptors. The performance verification of the non-interrupting insulation resistance measuring devices has been tested against existing products using standard calibration equipment and test jigs. The validation confirmed performance within 2 % for direct contact type and within 10 % for non-contact type. In addition, the procedure to make continuous insulation test using the equipment was proposed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.57-59
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• 2006

In this study, we experimented a deterioration characteristics by series arcing with 600V polyvinyl chloride insulation wire and analyzed the glowing/growing process of copper oxide, waveforms of contact voltage, current, power dissipation and carbonized patterns of insulation. We know that how glowing contacts and surface arcing can decompose PVC insulation and that it is possible for the subsequent series arc to ignite, and burn insulation. We expect that these results are useful for advancing the state-of-the-art in fire protection by Providing a better understanding of how electrical fires can initiate.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.41-43
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• 2006

This paper deals with a comparison of individual and common grounding method for potential rise. When a test current flowed through grounding electrode, potential rise was measured and analyzed for grounding method using a electrolytic tank in real time. The grounding electrodes were designed and fabricated with ground rods on a scale of one-eightieth. Potential rises of individual grounding method were higher than those of common grounding method. The distributions of surface potential are dependent on the distance from grounding electrode.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.203-221
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• 2014

This study examines the effect of external environments such as technological change and competitive intensity on HQ-subsidiary cooperation. It was empirically tested by a Korean sample to verify the validity of the research framework. The empirical result confirms that external environments increase the odds of HQ-subsidiary cooperation. The result also indicates that technology change and HQ-subsidiary cooperation are related. The data support that firms facing a high rate of technology change stress the relationship between headquarters and foreign subsidiaries. The result also confirms that competitive intensity directly influences HQ-subsidiary cooperation.