• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2022년도 학술발표회
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• pp.140-140
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• 2022

Recently an accurate quantification of streamflow under various climatological and anthropogenic factors and separation of their relative contribution remains challenging, because variation in streamflow may result in hydrological disasters. In this study, we evaluated the factors responsible for variation in streamflow in Korean watersheds, quantified separately their contribution using different Budyko-based functions, and identified hydrological breakpoint points. After detecting that the hydrological break point in 1995 and time series were divided into natural period (1966-1995), and disturbed period (1996-2014). During the natural period variation in climate tended to increase change in streamflow. However, in the disturbed period both climate variation and anthropogenic activities tended to increase streamflow variation in the watershed. Subsequently, the findings acquired from different Budyko-based functions were observed sensitive to selection of function. The variation in streamflow was observed in the response of change in climatic parameters ranging 46 to 75% (average 60%). The effects of anthropogenic activities were observed less compared to climate variation accounts 25 to 54% (average 40%). Furthermore, the relative contribution was observed to be sensitive corresponding to Budyko-based functions utilized. Moreover, relative impacts of both factors have capability to enhance uncertainty in the management of water resources. Thus, this knowledge would be essential for the implementation of water management spatial and temporal scale to reduce the risk of hydrological disasters in the watershed.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.281-295
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• 2021

본 연구는 수학과 중등학교 교사 임용후보자 선정경쟁시험이 예비 교사의 지식을 어떻게 평가하고 있는지 최근 8년간 시행된 임용시험 1차 180개의 문항을 지식의 영역과 수준의 차원에서 분석한 결과, 분야에 따라 특정 영역과 수준에의 편중성과 평가 외적 내용 요소의 출현 등이 나타나 이로부터 임용시험의 질 개선에의 시사점을 논하였다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.418-427
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the relationship of knowledge related to disease, awareness and practice of inhaler use in asthmatic patients. Method: The participants in this research were 124 patients with asthma who used inhalers, and were admitted to hospital or attended outpatient asthmatic clinics. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire which consisted of demographic characteristics, illness-related characteristics, and tools to measure knowledge of disease, awareness and practice related to inhaler use. Results: Knowledge related to disease was statistically significantly different for age (p<.001) and marital status (p=.017). The mean score for awareness of inhaler use was significantly higher than the mean score for practice in inhaler use (p<.001). There were significant correlations between awareness and practice of inhaler use (p<.001), knowledge related to disease and awareness of inhaler use (p<.001), and knowledge related to disease and practice of inhaler use (p<.001). Conclusion: Results indicate that due to the variation in degree of illness in patients with asthma, there is a need to develop appropriate education programs for people of different ages and also precise ${\alpha}$ II content for use of inhalers method of checking capacity washing and storing as well as directions about different kinds of the inhalers.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.221-249
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• 2006

본 연구의 목적은 초등학교 5학년 학생들이 통계적 변이성 개념과 관련하여 가지고 있는 수학적 지식의 특성과 이것이 수업을 통해 어떻게 변화하는지 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 초등학교 5학년 학생들이 통계적 변이성 개념과 관련하여 가지고 있는 수학적 지식의 특성을 살펴보기 위하여 사전검사를 실시하였다. 사전검사 결과 드러난 학생들의 수학적 지식의 특성 중 미흡한 측면은 바로 잡고, 잘된 점은 더욱 증가시키기 위해 통계적 변이성 수업을 실시하였다. 통계적 변이성수업 후 학생들은 최적 값의 빈도수나 편중성, 평균, 예측 가능한 안정적인 성향 대신 통계적 변이성 개념을 고려하였다. 그리고 표 그래프 그리기 수업을 통해 이에 대한 이해가 증가하여 표와 그래프가 혼합된 문제를 바르게 해석하였다. 전체적인 분포, 범위가 비슷한 집합을 비교하는 상황에서는 평균을 함께 고려하여 안정적으로 답을 구했다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.570-579
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• 2009

Purpose: The aim of this research was to determine knowledge and management of tracheal tube cuffs among nurses of ICU. Methods: This descriptive survey recruited 150 nurses working at 8 different adult ICUs within 2 tertiary hospitals in Seoul. A survey questionnaire was developed to measure cuff management. The internal reliability of the tool was examined by Cronbach's ${\alpha}$. Descriptive statistics and multiple regressions were used to analyze data. Results: Among the 150 nurses, 94.0% replied that they would measure the pressure themselves. With regard to nurses' knowledge about tracheal tube cuffs, only 6% answered that they knew 'the appropriate cuff pressure'. The existence of a measuring device (p < .001), a guideline (p < .001), the level of knowledge on its related complications(p = .003), and clinical experience (p < .001) together accounted for 35.0% of the total variation in cuff management. They pointed out that the lack of time and the lack of education were major barriers to appropriate management; whereas education update was the most imperative factor for good management. Conclusion: ICU nurses have inappropriate knowledge and practice in cuff management. Therefore continuing education is necessary for better practice of tracheal tube cuff management.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.270-280
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the levels of knowledge and performance confidence of, and educational needs on ostomy care among nurses in long-term care hospitals. Methods: The participants were 97 nurses from D and C cities. Data were collected from September 6~26, 2019, with self-reported questionnaires including general characteristics, knowledge and performance confidence of, and educational needs on ostomy care. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVAs, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The correct rate of knowledge of ostomy care was 60.1%. In addition, performance confidence of ostomy care was low, while educational needs on ostomy care were high. The knowledge of ostomy care was identified as a factor influencing in educational needs on ostomy care (β=-0.69, p<.001). It explained 42.0% of the variation in educational needs on ostomy care. Conclusion: There are nursing needs about ostomy care for older cancer patients in long-term care hospitals. Thus educational programs of ostomy care that are suitable to apply to the long-term care hospitals are necessary to develop for enhancing nursing capacity.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3699-3704
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• 2014

Background: This study aimed to determine knowledge, attitudes and believes about cervical cancer and human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination with related factors in Turkish university students. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and cross sectional study was conducted between June-July 2013 in Hitit University located in Corum, a rural area to the East of Ankara. The population consisted of 550 university students who were training in first and last year from Faculties of Economics, Theology and Health. We reached 463 volunteer students without selection. The study of data was collected with a 44 item questionaire covering socio-demographic features, knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about cervical cancer, HPV and vaccination. Also for this study ethic committee report was taken from Bozok University. Data were evaluated with the SPSS 17.0 programme using the Ki kare test with P<0.05 accepted as statistically significant. Results: It was seen that there was a statistically significant variation between classrooms and departments of students with knowledge about cervical cancer and human papilloma virus and vaccine (p<0.001; p<0.01; p<0.05). Also we found low attitudes to thinking about taking HPV vaccination of girls and their children in the future. Conclusions: In light of the study findings; it was concluded that knowledge levels, beliefs and attitudes of the university students about cervical cancer, HPV infection and HPV vaccination were low.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제27권2A호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 불완전한 채널 정보가 시공간 블록 부호의 M-QAM 심볼에러율의 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 시공간 블록 부호를 복호하기 위해서는 채널 정보가 반드시 필요하므로 불완전한 채널 정보는 시공간 블록 부호의 성능을 저하시키는 원인이 된다. 본 논문에서는 채널 불일치 오차를 발생시키는 주된 원인을 채널 추정의 부정확성으로 인한 오차와 채널의 변화로 인한 오차로 모델링하고 이를 통해 채널 불일치 오차를 분석한다. 그리고 M-QAM 심볼에러율을 채널 불일치 오차 항이 들어간 채널당 평균 신호대 간섭비의 함수로 유도한다. 실험 결과 신호대 잡음비 20dB에서 허용할 수 있는 채널 추정 오차는 $10^{-3}$이고 채널 변화 정도는 f$_{d}$ T$_{B}$=0.001이다.다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.143-163
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• 2018

The business models has a great impact on the successful management of enterprises. Business environment has been shifting from industrial economy to knowledge-based economy. Enterprises go through numerous trials for successful management in the changing environment. Along with trial tests, research areas have been growing simultaneously. Although many researches have been conducted with regard to business models, it is very insufficient to systematically analyze the knowledge flow of research. Accordingly, successive researchers who want to study the business model may find it difficult to establish the orientation of future application research based on understanding the process of changing the knowledge structure that have accumulated so far. This study is intended to determine the current state of the business model research and to understand the process of knowledge structure changes in keywords that appear in 2,667 business model articles in the SCOPUS database. Identifying the knowledge structure has been completed through social network analysis, a methodology based on the 'relationship', and the changes in the knowledge structure were identified by classifying them into four different periods. The analysis showed that, first, the number of business model co-author increases over time with the need for academic diversity. Second, the 'innovation' keyword has the biggest center in the network, and over time, the lower-rank keyword which was in the former period has emerged as the top-rank keyword. Third, the cohesiveness group decreased from 12 before 2000 to 5 in 2015 and also the modularity decreased as well. Finally, examining characteristics of study area through a cognitive map showed that the relationships between domains increased gradually over time. The study has provided a systematic basis for understanding the current state of the business model research and the process of changing knowledge structure. In addition, considering that no research has ever systematically analyzed the knowledge structure accumulated by individual researches, it is considered as a significant study.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.600-610
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• 2011

This paper presents a novel approach to face detection by localizing faces as the goal-specific saliencies in a scene, using the framework of selective visual attention of a human with a particular goal in mind. The proposed approach aims at achieving human-like robustness as well as efficiency in face detection under large scene variations. The key is to establish how the specific knowledge relevant to the goal interacts with the bottom-up process of external visual stimuli for saliency detection. We propose a direct incorporation of the goal-related knowledge into the specification and/or modification of the internal process of a general bottom-up saliency detection framework. More specifically, prior knowledge of the human face, such as its size, skin color, and shape, is directly set to the window size and color signature for computing the center of difference, as well as to modify the importance weight, as a means of transforming into a goal-specific saliency detection. The experimental evaluation shows that the proposed method reaches a detection rate of 93.4% with a false positive rate of 7.1%, indicating the robustness against a wide variation of scale and rotation.