• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.213-235
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• 2020

This study examined the process of production, utilization and extinction of researches through academic activities to identify the structural characteristics of the field of discipline of administration in Korea from the viewpoint of research ecosystem. To this end, statistical and network analyses were conducted, focusing on bibliographies, references, and keyword for papers published in 29 domestic journals in the field of public administration for the past five years. The results of the analysis, researchers in the field of public administration in Korea maintain a rather horizontal connection and are connected organically rather than separately. In addition, the core academic journals and keyword were extracted to present the connection, and the speed of knowledge transfer and deterioration was measured to identify the phenomenon of decreasing value in literature.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.681-687
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• 1998

The paper presents a hybrid mcthod for disambiguation of the verb meaning in the machine translation. The presented verb translation algorithm is to perform the concept-based method and the statistics-based method simultaneously. It uses a collocation dictionary, WordNct and the statistical information extracted from corpus. In the transfer phase of the machine translation, it tries to find the target word of the source verb. If it fails, it refers to Word Net to try to find it by calculating word similarities between the logical constraints of the source sentence and those in the collocation dictionary. At the same time, it refers to the statistical information extracted from corpus to try to find it by calculating co-occurrence similarity knowledge. The experimental result shows that the algorithm performs more accurate verb translation than the other algorithms and improves accuracy of the verb translation by 24.8% compared to the collocation-based method.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.115-124
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• 2005

When the application code is downloaded into the mobile device, it is important to provide authentication. Usually, mobile code execution is overlapped with downloading to reduce transfer delay. To the best of our knowledge, there has not been any algorithm to authenticate the mobile code in this environment. In this paper, we present two efficient code authentication schemes that permit overlapping of execution and downloading under the two cases: the first is when the order of transmission of code chunks is determined before the transmission and the second is when this order is determined during the transmission. The proposed methods are based on hash chaining and authentication trees, respectively. Especially, the latter scheme utilizes previously received authentication informations to verify the currently received chunk, which reduces both communication overhead and verification delay. When the application code consists of n chunks, communication overheads of the both schemes are 0(n) and verification delays of these two schemes are O(1) and O(log n), respectively.

• School Mathematics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.441-455
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• 2016

The position as saying that the math learning needs to begin from what diversely presents concrete object or familiar situation is well known as a name dubbed CSA(Concrete-Semiconcrete-Abstract). Compared to this, a recent research by Kaminski, et al. asserts that learning an abstract concept first may be more effective in the aspect of knowledge transfer than learning a mathematical concept with concrete object of having various contexts. The purpose of this study was to analyze a class, which differently applied a guidance sequence of concrete object, semi-concrete object, and abstract concept in consideration of this conflicting perspective, and to confirm its educational implication. As a result of research, a class with the application of a concept starting from the concrete object showed what made it have positive attitude toward mathematics, but wasn't continued its effect, and didn't indicate significant difference even in achievement. Even a case of showing error was observed rather owing to the excessive concreteness that the concrete object has. This error wasn't found in a class that adopted a concept as semi-concrete object. This suggests that the semi-concrete object, which was thought a non-essential element, can be efficiently used in learning an abstract concept.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.107-118
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to transfer the knowledge of oral health care and to improve the oral health after the effective education of oral health behavior. The survey is conducted for 484 middle and high school students in Busan and Gyeongnam province about the oral health behavior, the cause and the preventive of oral diseases and oral health education experience by the self-answering method. The date was analysed using the SPSS 13.0 program. The obtained result were as follows. 1. 38.8% students in middle school have been to the dentist within one year and the reason is the dental care that is to 61.7% in the case of the high school students. 2. For the daily toothbrushing frequency. above 3 times is highest to 57.9% in middle school students and 2 times 59.9% in high school students. 3. 45.9% and 45.0% students in middle and high school have the regular dental check-ups to prevent the dental caries and periodontal disease with greatest portion. 4. 35.7% respondents had experienced oral health education. 48% of them got the education from the dental clinics. 82.2% of the education method is a theory and the contents is toothbrushing method with 58.7% portion. 5. 86% respondents of middle school students answered that regular oral health education is necessary and 78.1% students are willing to participate in the oral health education. The results of this study propose that the regular dental check-ups for middle and high school students enable them have early medical treatment and protection against oral disease. Also for the effective oral health education, those program and various media should be developed systematically to enhance the students' motive for oral health.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2010.02a
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• pp.448-448
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• 2010

Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) has made a prominent progress in memory performance and has brought a bright prospect for the next generation nonvolatile memory technologies due to its excellent advantages. Dry etching process of magnetic thin films is one of the important issues for the magnetic devices such as magnetic tunneling junctions (MTJs) based MRAM. CoFeB is a well-known soft ferromagnetic material, of particular interest for magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) and other devices based on tunneling magneto-resistance (TMR), such as spin-transfer-torque MRAM. One particular example is the CoFeB - MgO - CoFeB system, which has already been integrated in MRAM. In all of these applications, knowledge of control over the etching properties of CoFeB is crucial. Recently, transferring the pattern by using milling is a commonly used, although the redeposition of back-sputtered etch products on the sidewalls and the low etch rate of this method are main disadvantages. So the other method which has reported about much higher etch rates of >$50{\AA}/s$ for magnetic multi-layer structures using $Cl_2$/Ar plasmas is proposed. However, the chlorinated etch residues on the sidewalls of the etched features tend to severely corrode the magnetic material. Besides avoiding corrosion, during etching facets format the sidewalls of the mask due to physical sputtering of the mask material. Therefore, in this work, magnetic material such as CoFeB was etched in an ICP etching system using the gases which can be expected to form volatile metallo-organic compounds. As the gases, carbon monoxide (CO) and ammonia ($NH_3$) were used as etching gases to form carbonyl volatiles, and the etched features of CoFeB thin films under by Ta masking material were observed with electron microscopy to confirm etched resolution. And the etch conditions such as bias power, gas combination flow, process pressure, and source power were varied to find out and control the properties of magnetic layer during the process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Traditional cuisine reflects cooking traditions shaped by political, economic, social, cultural, and environmental conditions characterized by authenticity and uniqueness. Traditional food is not only a part of our cultural heritage but also a knowledge resource. Application of food science and technology in Korean traditional foods was reviewed from six points of view, including food preservation, fermentation, changes in food materials, utilization of food functionality, and packaging and development of cooking appliances. Books from disparate times were chosen in order to cover a wide range of materials from the past to the present. Food preservation and fermentation techniques were applied to various food materials. Combination of science and skills contributes to the accessibility of diverse food materials and better quality foods. Koreans use assorted and resilient plants, which have an abundance of functional substances such as food materials. Among cooking appliances, microwave oven and refrigerator are the most innovative products with huge influences on food eating patterns as well as lifestyle. Packaging effectively reduces post-harvest preservation losses, and better packaging has technical improvements for storage and distribution. Kimchi was chosen as an example in order to study technology from the past to the present. Availability of Kimchi cabbage, enrichment of functional ingredients, identification of useful microbial species, standardization of recipe for commercialization, prevention of texture softening, introduction of salted Kimchi cabbage and Kimchi refrigerators, and packaging were reviewed. The future of traditional foods in the market will be competitive. First, traditional foods market should be maintained to protect the diversity of food materials. Secondly, tailored foods for individuals should be considered using foods with functional properties. Information on health benefits would provide insights into health and traditional food products. Third, speedy transfer of new technology to the traditional food industry is needed to ensure food quality production and new opportunities in the market. Fourth, safety of traditional foods should be ensured without sacrificing the essential characteristics of culturally important foods. Improvement of logistics, distribution, and facility should be carried out. As demand for convenience foods increases, traditional foods should be developed into products.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.1570-1579
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• 2019

The fungal products dibenzodioxocinones promise a novel class of inhibitors against cholesterol ester transfer protein (CEPT). Knowledge as to their biosynthesis is scarce. In this report, we characterized four more dibenzodioxocinones, which along with a previously described member pestalotiollide B, delimit the dominant spectrum of secondary metabolites in P. microspora. Through mRNA-seq profiling in $g{\alpha}1{\Delta}$, a process that halts the production of the dibenzodioxocinones, a gene cluster harboring 21 genes including a polyketide synthase, designated as pks8, was defined. Disruption of genes in the cluster led to loss of the compounds, concluding the anticipated role in the biosynthesis of the chemicals. The biosynthetic route to dibenzodioxocinones was temporarily speculated. This study reveals the genetic basis underlying the biosynthesis of dibenzodioxocinone in fungi, and may facilitate the practice for yield improvement in the drug development arena.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.255-263
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• 2021

Paederia foetida L. is an important medicinal plant that has been used for the treatment of various gastrointestinal related ailments by different tribal communities in India. This plant is also known for its use as a food. Due to overexploitation, P. foetida has been classified as a vulnerable plant in some states of India. The propagation of P. foetida by conventional methods is easy but very slow. Synthetic seed technology offers incredible potential for in vitro propagation of threatened and commercially valuable plants, and can also facilitate the storage and exchange of axenic plant material between laboratories. However, synthetic seed production for P. foetida has not yet been reported. Thus, to the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first attempt to produce synthetic seeds of P. foetida by calcium alginate encapsulation of in vitro regenerated axenic nodal segments. Sodium alginate (3%) and CaCl₂ (100 mM) were found to be the optimal materials for the preparation of ideal synthetic seeds, both in terms of morphology and germination ability. The synthetic seeds showed the best germination (formation of both shoot as well as root; 83.3%) on ½ MS medium augmented with 0.5 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid. The plantlets obtained from these synthetic seeds could be successfully acclimatized under field conditions. We also studied the storage of these synthetic seeds at low temperature and their subsequent sprouting/germination. The seeds showed a germination rate of 63.3% even after 21 days of storage at 4 ℃; thus, they could be useful for transfer and exchange of P. foetida germplasm.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.21
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• pp.355-383
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• 2009

The greatest mission of archival community lies in collecting records to document past and present Korean society and in safeguarding them to pass over to the next generation. For the last decade, Korean archival community has actively pursued this mission and accomplished it to the certain extent. A series of events occurred during the last year urged the community to regretfully accept that the so-called accomplishment was by no means satisfactory. The present study aims to review what has been achieved against what should be if the community is to be truthful to the fundamental mission. It begins with addressing attributes of electronic records. To be specific, attributes of electronic records as 'records' are compared against those as 'digital objects.' Current state of long-term preservation of electronic records is reviewed. Suggestions follow in terms of four directions: establishing a policy framework based on principles of electronic records management, building integrated electronic records management system, researching and developing functionalities for long-term preservation, and finally, knowledge transfer and coordination.