• Title/Summary/Keyword: killed vaccine

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Studies on the Immunization Against Newcastle Disease III. Investions on the Immunity of Newcatle Disease with Special Reference to Vaccination Program and Route (뉴캣슬병 면역에 대한 검토 III. 예방접종 프로그램과 접종경노를 중심으로 한 뉴캣슬병 면역능 검토)

  • 이학철;정유열
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.77-89
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    • 1981
  • The experimental study was undertaken to confirm the effect of vaccination of birds with Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines on the Market by use of th. various vaccination programs. Sixteen groups of birds varying from 2 to f days of age, which were originated from hyper-immunised hens against ND were immunised by three different ways, a live vaccine only, a killed vaccine only, and the combination of a live and killed vaccine according to the each schedule of employed programs. In the administration of a live vaccine only, birds were immunized by one of following methods, the combination of intranasal and intraocular inoculation, intramuscular inoculation, via drinking water and the double inoculation by spray and drinking water application. Except for the double application, all the birds were vaccinated 2,3 or 4 times with two volumes of the virus dose (drinking water application) instructed by the commercial vaccine laboratory, until 21, 28 or 30 days of age, and all the immunized birds 19, 21 or 28 days postvaccination were challenged intramuscularly with 1.0$m\ell$ of 10,000 MLD per $m\ell$ of a virulent ND virus. In the administration of the combination of a live and killed vaccine, birds were immunized 2 or 3 times intranasally at first until 14 or 28 days of age with the same dose of the above experiment of a live vaccine, and then inoculated intramuscularly 1 or 2 times until 60 days of age with 1.0 $m\ell$ of a killed vaccine. And all immunized birds 11 days postvaccination were challenged with the same procedure of the above experiment. In the administration of a killed vaccine only, birds were immunized 3 times intramuscularly until 28 days of age with varied dose (0.2-0.5 $m\ell$) of a killed vaccine and all immunized birds 33 days postvaccination were challenged with the same procedure of the above experiment. The results obtained are summerised as follows: All birds vaccinated by using the combination of a live and killed vaccine program or a killed vaccin only appeared to be refractory. without any sign of illness, to the challenge exposure with 1.0$m\ell$ of 10,000 MLD per $m\ell$ of a virulent ND virus. On the other hand, the survival rates of birds of live vaccine groups immunized by a number of vaccine program such as Salsbury's day old program, 3-3-3 program, the Institute of Veterinary Reserch program and Multiple inoculation program, were 39.58%, 43.7%, 43.75% and 47.80%, respectively. And the survival rates of birds vaccinated with a live vaccine by 4 different ways of administration, i.e., double inoculation by water and aerosol application, intramuscular injection, intranasal instillation and via 4.inking water were 87.50%, 64.06%, 42.18% and 25.00%, respectively.

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Protective effects and immunogenicity of Salmonella Enteritidis killed vaccine strains selected from virulent Salmonella Enteritidis isolates (Salmonella Enteritidis 분리주에서의 선발된 불활화 백신균주의 방어효과 및 면역원성)

  • Kang, Zheng-Wu;Won, Ho-Keun;Kim, Eun-Hee;Noh, Yun-Hee;Choi, Hwan-Won;Hahn, Tae-Wook
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.51 no.1
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    • pp.21-28
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    • 2011
  • Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) has been a major causative agent of food-borne human disease due to consumption of contaminated eggs and poultry meat. To prevent SE infection in poultry, and therefore minimize human infections, vaccination with either killed or live SE vaccine is suggested. We evaluated a newly developed killed bacterin using a representative SE isolate in Korea. Among pool of SE isolates, two highly virulent isolates (the one isolate from chicken, the other from human) were selected by measuring mortality in mouse and chickens administered. The chickens were injected intramuscularly with killed vaccine and were challenged with highly virulent SE strain 3 week after vaccination. The recovered colony count (cfu/g) of spleen and cecal content in the vaccinated groups was reduced compared with those of the unvaccinated control group. The antibody level in the vaccinated groups was higher at 3 week post vaccination. These results indicate that vaccination with killed vaccine was effective in preventing the infection of virulent SE. Further study for a large number of layers should be needed for the effect of egg production, SE shedding in feces, persistence of antibody level.

Stability of the current biological drugs(typhoid vaccine)

  • Lee, Joo-Hyeun;Ham, Myung-Hwa;Lim, So-Hee;Lee, Gil-Woong
    • Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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    • 2002.10a
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    • pp.328.2-328.2
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    • 2002
  • This paper presents stability of tyhoid vaccine -attenuuated vaccine(oral) and killed vaccine{vi polysaccharide)- 5 classes with various temperature(3 points: iced temperature, refrigeration temp.. indoor temp.). Analytical techniques -vi polysaccharide content. pH. sterility. assay - have been used for the quantity of pharmacologically active chemical entries. From this study. we have found the attenuated vaccine is show iced temp. 258% and indoor temp. 0.02% compare with refrigeration temp. in assay examination and the killed vaccine is not found different. (omitted)

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Analysis of Integrity of Killed Hantavirus Vaccine by Antigen-Capture Reverse Transcriptase PCR

  • HWANG KYUNG-A;JOO YOUNG-RAN;SHIN YOUNG-HAK;PARK KEUN-YONG;NAM JAE-HWAN
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.1384-1387
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    • 2005
  • Hantavax(R) is one of the killed Hantavirus vaccines, and is commercially available in South Korea. This vaccine was developed by inactivation of virus isolated from infected suckling mouse brain with formalin. Although Hantavax(R) can induce neutralizing antibodies in vaccinees, the strength of this induction and the duration of the humoral immune response are controversial issues. In this study, we studied the native conformation of the killed vaccine by antigen-capture reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction with patient and vaccinee sera containing neutralizing antibodies against Hantavirus. The results showed that Hantavax(R) could bind HTNV patient and vaccinee sera like live virus, suggesting that the integrity of the viral epitope is maintained in Hantavax(R) and induces the protective antibodies, even though the virus was inactivated with formalin.

Effect of formalin killed vaccine of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida for black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) (조피볼락(Sebastes schlegeli)에 대한 비정형 Aeromonas salmonicida 포르말린 사균 백신의 효과)

  • Kim, Wi-Sik;Lee, Hyeon-Ho;Oh, Myung-Joo;Han, Hyun-Ja
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.35-39
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    • 2018
  • Atypical furnculosis caused by atypical Aeromonas salmonicida, is an emerging problem of farming of rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) in Korea. In this study, protection against atypical furunculosis was compared in rockfish vaccinated with A. salmonicida formalin killed cell (FKC) and adjuvant containing FKC. The formalin inactivated A. salmonicida vaccine provided a low protection of 20% and 10% relative percent survival (RPS) at 44 and 58 days post vaccination. However, addition of adjuvant (squalene and aluminum hydroxide) into inactivated A. salmonicida vaccine clearly enhanced the level of protection showing 70% and 50% RPS at 44 and 58 days post vaccination.

Development of Vaccine Delivery System and Challenges (백신 전달기술 개발 동향과 과제)

  • Jung, Hyung-Il;Kim, Jung-Dong;Kim, Mi-Roo;Dangol, Manita
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.497-506
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    • 2010
  • Vaccine is a protective clinical measure capable of persuading immune system against infectious agents. Vaccine can be categorized as live attenuated and inactivated. Live attenuated vaccines activate immunity similar to natural infection by replicating living organisms whereas inactivated vaccines are either whole cell vaccines, eliciting immune response by killed organisms,or subunit vaccines, stimulating immunity by non-replicating sub cellular parts. The components of vaccine play a critical role in deciding the immune response mediated by the vaccine. The innate immune responds against the antigen component. Adjuvants represent an importantcomponent of vaccine for enhancing the immunogenicity of the antigens. Subunit vaccines with isolated fractions of killed and recombinant antigens are mostly co-administered with adjuvants. The delivery system of the vaccine is another essential component to ensurethat vaccine is delivered to the right target with right dosage form. Furthermore, vaccine delivery system ensures that the desired immune response is achieved by manipulating the optimal interaction of vaccine and adjuvantwith the immune cell. The aforementioned components along with routes of administration of vaccine are the key elements of a successful vaccination procedure. Vaccines can be administered either orally or by parenteral routes. Many groups had made remarkable efforts for the development of new vaccine and delivery system. The emergence of new vaccine delivery system may lead to pursue the immunization goals with better clinical practices.

Immunomodulatory Effect of Auapuncture with Canine Parvovirus Vaccine (개 파보바이러스 백신 水針의 勉疫調節 효과)

  • 황수현;서지민;홍민성;최용수;송근호;김덕환;김명철;신광순
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.368-373
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    • 2001
  • To study the immunomodulatory effect of aquapuncture with canine parvovirus killed vaccine, the vaccine was inoculated into the dogs twice with on 2-week interval. The 6 dogs in the experimental group were inoculated through the Jiao-Chao acupoint, and 5 dogs in the control group were done subcutaneously. The antibody titer was determined by the hemagglutination inhibition test. The HI titers of the experimental group showed significantly higher on days 21 and 28 than those of the control group. The biochemical test on serum total protein, protein fractions and the A/G ration showed a slightly increased in $\gamma$-globulin on days 21 and 28. The hematological findings on total leukocytes and differential counts showed no significance. It was thought that the aquapuncture of the canine parvovirus killed vaccine through the Jiao-Cho acupoint may stimulate the antibody production.

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Maturation and migration of dendritic cells upon stimulation with heat-killed tumor cells

  • Kim, Hyo-Jeong;Yoon, Taek-Joon;Lee, Sung-Won;Yun, Dae-Sun;Kim, Ji-Yeon;Shin, Kwang-Soon;Park, Se-Ho;Hong, Seok-Mann
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.215-223
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    • 2012
  • Recently it has been reported that immunization with heat-killed tumor cells (HK vaccine) induces anti-tumor immune responses in mice. To investigate how HKvaccine elicits anti-tumor specific adaptive immunity, we examined the effect of HK vaccination on innate immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs), which are essential for the generation of adaptive immunity. Upon stimulation with HK vaccine, DCs matured to promote not only the upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules but also secretion of cytokine IL12. Furthermore, HK vaccine-treated DCs migrated more efficiently to draining lymph nodes compared with untreated ones. Taken together, HK vaccine can be useful as an adjuvant to activate DCs for anti-tumor immune responses.

Comparison of the immunogenicity between bacterial ghost and formalin-killed bacteria for Vibrio vulnificus

  • Kwon, Se Ryun
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.159-164
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    • 2012
  • Vibrio vulnificus ghosts (VVG) were generated using a mobilizable vector including a thermosensitive expression cassette by conjugation. The vaccine potential of VVG was investigated in mouse. Mice immunized with VVG showed significantly higher antibody titer than those with formalin-killed V. vulnificus. The present study supports the conceptive usefulness of bacterial ghosts as vaccine candidates.

Efficacy and clinical trials of Salenvac-T, bivalent killed vaccine containing Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium (Salmonella Enteritidis 및 Salmonella Typhimurium을 함유한 이가 불활화백신인 Salenvac-T의 방어효과 및 임상연구)

  • Cho, Youngjae;Kang, Zheng-Wu;Kang, Kyung-Soo;Jeong, Seunghwan;Yoon, Hee-Jun;Suh, Seungwon;Hahn, Tae-Wook
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.53 no.1
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    • pp.43-48
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    • 2013
  • Commercial bivalent killed Salmonella vaccine Salenvac-T has been used in several countries in order to prevent salmonellosis with Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis (SE) and Typhimurium (ST) in poultry. However, this vaccine has not been used in poultry farms in South Korea. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of Salenvac-T vaccine to protect against the challenge of virulent SE and ST, and the effect of the vaccine on egg production and mortality in layer hens. The colonization of liver, spleen and cecum with challenged SE and ST was reduced in vaccinated chickens compared with that of unvaccinated control group. The twice vaccination with Salenvac-T induced elevated antibody responses against both SE and ST detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The higher average hen-day production was observed in the vaccinated layer hens than in the unvaccinated layer hens without significance. The average mortality was lower in the vaccinated layer hens during the experiment period. The antibody responses to both SE and ST were persistently detected in the vaccinated layers. In summary, vaccination with Salenvac-T reduces colonization of internal organs and induces good antibody responses, thereby results in higher performance and lower egg contamination with SE and ST in layer hens.