• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.898-903
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• 2009

Pullorum disease affecting poultry is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Pullorum and results in severe economic loss every year, especially in countries with a developing poultry industry. The pathogenesis of S. Pullorum is not yet well defined, as the specific virulence factors still need to be identified. Thus, to isolate specific DNA fragments belonging to S. Pullorum, this study used suppression subtractive hybridization. As such, the genome of the S. Pullorum C79-13 strain was subtracted from the genome of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum 9 and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis CMCC(B) 50041, respectively, resulting in the identification of 20 subtracted fragments. A sequence homology analysis then revealed three types of fragment: phage sequences, plasmid sequences, and sequences with an unknown function. As a result, several important virulence-related genes encoding the IpaJ protein, colicin Y, tailspike protein, excisionase, and Rhs protein were identified that may play a role in the pathogenesis of S. Pullorum.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1621-1628
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• 2015

Chlamydia possesses a conserved 7.5 kb plasmid that is known to play an important role in chlamydial pathogenesis, since some chlamydial organisms lacking the plasmid are attenuated. The chlamydial transformation system developed recently required the use of plasmid-free organisms. Thus, the generation and identification of plasmid-free organisms represent a key step in understanding chlamydial pathogenic mechanisms. A tricolor immunofluorescence assay for simultaneously detecting the plasmid-encoded Pgp3 and whole organisms plus DNA staining was used to screen C. muridarum organisms selected with novobiocin. PCR was used to detect the plasmid genes. Next-generation sequencing was then used to sequence the genomes of plasmid-free C. muridarum candidates and the parental C. muridarum Nigg strain. We generated five independent clones of plasmid-free C. muridarum organisms by using a combination of novobiocin treatment and screening plaque-purified clones with anti-Pgp3 antibody. The clones were confirmed to lack plasmid genes by PCR analysis. No GlgA protein or glycogen accumulation was detected in cells infected with the plasmid-free clones. More importantly, whole-genome sequencing characterization of the plasmid-free C. muridarum organism and the parental C. muridarum Nigg strain revealed no additional mutations other than loss of the plasmid in the plasmid-free C. muridarum organism. Thus, the Pgp3-based immunofluorescence assay has allowed us to identify authentic plasmid-free organisms that are useful for further investigating chlamydial pathogenic mechanisms.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1169-1188
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• 2016

Real-time substructuring techniques are currently an advanced experimental method for testing large size specimens in the laboratory. In dynamic substructuring, the whole tested system is split into two linked parts, the part of particular interest or nonlinearity, which is tested physically, and the remanding part which is tested numerically. To achieve near-perfect synchronization of the interface response between the physical specimen and the numerical model, a good controller is needed to compensate for transfer system dynamics, nonlinearities, uncertainties and time-varying parameters within the physical substructures. This paper presents the substructuring approach and control performance of the linear and the adaptive controllers for testing the dynamic characteristics of soil-structure-interaction system (SSI). This is difficult to emulate as an entire system in the laboratory because of the size and power supply limitations of the experimental facilities. A modified linear substructuring controller (MLSC) is proposed to replace the linear substructuring controller (LSC).The MLSC doesn't require the accurate mathematical model of the physical structure that is required by the LSC. The effects of parameter identification errors of physical structure and the shaking table on the control performance of the MLSC are analysed. An adaptive controller was designed to compensate for the errors from the simplification of the physical model in the MLSC, and from parameter identification errors. Comparative simulation and experimental tests were then performed to evaluate the performance of the MLSC and the adaptive controller.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.253-269
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• 2012

A split spectrum processing (SSP) method is proposed to accurately determine the time-of-flight (ToF) of damage-scattered waves by comparing the instantaneous amplitude variation degree (IAVD) of a wave signal captured from a damage case with that from the benchmark. The fundamental symmetrical ($S_0$) mode in aluminum plates without and with a notch is assessed. The efficiency of the proposed SSP method and Hilbert transform in determining the ToF of damage-scattered $S_0$ mode is evaluated for damage identification when the wave signals are severely contaminated by noise. Broadband noise can overwhelm damage-scattered wave signals in the time domain, and the Hilbert transform is only competent for determining the ToF of damage-scattered $S_0$ mode in a noise-free condition. However, the calibrated IAVD of the captured wave signal is minimally affected by noise, and the proposed SSP method is capable of determining the ToF of damage-scattered $S_0$ mode accurately even though the captured wave signal is severely contaminated by broadband noise, leading to the successful identification of damage (within an error on the order of the damage size) using a triangulation algorithm.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2020

Substructure pseudo-dynamic hybrid simulation (SPDHS) combining the advantages of physical experiments and numerical simulation has become an important testing method for evaluating the dynamic responses of structures. Various parameter identification methods have been proposed for online model updating. However, if there is large model gap between the assumed numerical models and the real models, the parameter identification methods will cause large prediction errors. This study presents an ANN (artificial neural network) method based on forgetting factor. During the SPDHS of model updating, a dynamic sample window is formed in each loading step with forgetting factor to keep balance between the new samples and historical ones. The effectiveness and anti-noise ability of this method are evaluated by numerical analysis of a six-story frame structure with BRBs (Buckling Restrained Brace). One BRB is simulated in OpenFresco as the experimental substructure, while the rest is modeled in MATLAB. The results show that ANN is able to present more hysteresis behaviors that do not exist in the initial assumed numerical models. It is demonstrated that the proposed method has good adaptability and prediction accuracy of restoring force even under different loading histories.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.06a
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• pp.758-763
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• 1994

The work discusses the problems of modelling of the process of acoustic signal generation in machines. We have pointed out that in the task of minimizing of both moise and vibration, the key problem is identification of sources and paths of propagation, both in terms of their location and of definition of their characteristic features. Properly conducted identification makes possible the use of relatively simple mathematical models and this fact is particularly important for a broad application of the proposed methods in practice.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10c
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• pp.587-593
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• 2003

There has been much interest in the Bluetooth technology since it could enable users to connect to a wide range of computing and telecommunication devices without the need to carry or connect cables. It delivers opportunities for rapid, ad-hoc connections, and in the future, could possibly enable automatic, unconscious, connections between devices. In this paper, we discussed a scatternet formation protocol for Bluetooth-based ad hoc networks and proposed the identification system of an object using Bluetooth Scatternets. Over the past few years, several studies have been made on the identification of an object by several RF(Radio Frequency) systems. But there are still some problems, the interference of signals as an example, for the identification of an object. The critical question is how to identify an object precisely without the interference of signals. This paper is an investigation of the Scatternet formation protocol for Bluetooth-based ad hoc networks and the identification system of an object using Bluetooth Scatternets composed of multiple Piconets.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.209-225
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• 2015

Compared to ambient vibration testing, impact testing has the merit to extract not only structural modal parameters but also structural flexibility. Therefore, structural deflections under any static load can be predicted from the identified results of the impact test data. In this article, a signal processing procedure for structural flexibility identification is first presented. Especially, practical issues in applying the proposed procedure for structural flexibility identification are investigated, which include sensitivity analyses of three pre-defined parameters required in the data pre-processing stage to investigate how they affect the accuracy of the identified structural flexibility. Finally, multiple-reference impact test data of a three-span reinforced concrete T-beam bridge are simulated by the FE analysis, and they are used as a benchmark structure to investigate the practical issues in the proposed signal processing procedure for structural flexibility identification.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the impacts of brand personality and employee personality on employee brand identification. The questionnaire developed for this study was distributed to 460 employees in F&B (food and beverage) departments and kitchen of 11 deluxe hotels in Seoul. A total of 398 questionnaires were used for analysis (86.5%) and the statistical analyses were completed using SPSS Win(12.0) for descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, and regression analysis. The results showed that employee brand identification was stronger at higher position, and also stronger among F&B department employees than among kitchen cooks. In addition, international hotels showed a higher level of employee brand identification than local hotels. Employee brand identification was also affected by hotel brand personality and employee personality. The dimension of 'sincerity' had the strongest effect on brand identification, followed by the dimensions of 'excitement' and 'sophistication'. Especially, when the hotel brand personality was lower than the employee personality at the dimension of 'sincerity', the level of employee brand identification was much lower. Overall, employee brand identification, which is a key factor for successful brand delivery to customer, could be enhanced through strong strategies to improve the brand personality dimensions and enhance employee development.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.43-51
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• 2018

Objectives : Pharbitidis Semen, the seeds of Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth or I. purpurea (L.) Roth, is well-known traditional herbal medicine in Korea. But it is often marketed as a different seed or mixtures of its closely related species. Thus, the present study aims to provide external and micromorphological characters and identification key by using stereoscope (ST) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for discriminating authentic of Pharbitidis Semen. Methods : A discrimination on external morphological characteristics of sepals, fruits, seeds, and hilum, testa cell micromorphology in the original plants and its congeneric species was carried out using digital calipers, ST, and SEM. Results : Number of valves (degree of apex of each valve), number of seeds per locule, hairy in capsules and size, luster, density of hairy, hilum shape in seeds and shape of cell, anticlinal, periclinal wall in testa may have high discriminative value. The seeds of Ipomoea nil as an original plant of Pharbitidis Semen were distinguished from other species by the relative larger in size, ovoid-trigonous in shape, mostly flabellate or triangular to trapezoid in outline (c.s.), dull, and puberulent in surface and thicken anticlinal wall. Conclusions : On the basis of the results, an identification key of Pharbitidis Semen and closely related species is provided. Our observations suggest that the combination of morphological characters and other studied results could be helpful in the successfully identified authentic herbal medicines. Moreover, micromorphological characters using SEM could be useful for discriminating authentic medicines.