• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.13-16
• /
• 2008

Five anthraquinones, emodin (1), ${\omega}$-hydroxyemodin (2), chrysophanol-8-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (3), emodin-8-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (4), and physcion-8-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (5), and five flavonoids, kaempferol-3-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (6), quercetin (7), quercitrin (8), isoquercitrin (9), and (+)-catechin (10), were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble extract of the fruits of Rumex japonicus. The structures of 1-10 were identified by spectroscopic methods including NMR studies. This is the first report on the isolation of compounds 3-5 from this plant. The isolates were subjected to in vitro bioassays to evaluate their inhibitory activities on the rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR), among which two anthraquinones (1 and 4), and five flavonols (5-9) showed significant activities on RLAR.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.126-131
• /
• 1992

Four flavonoids were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia ebracteolata. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, the structures of these compounds were established as $quercetin-3-O-{\beta}-D-glucoside$(isoquercitrin)(I), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside(rutin)(II), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside(III) and $quercetin-3-O-(2'-O-galloyl)-{\beta}-D-glucoside$(IV) which was the main flavonoidal component in this plant. The isolation of flavonoids from E. ebracteolata is the first example.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2013

Phytochemical constituents were isolated from the seeds of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) by open column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated as ${\beta}$-sitosterol (1), ${\beta}$-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside (2), oleanolic acid (3), kaempferol (4), quercetin (5), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (6), and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (7) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including $^1H$-, $^{13}C$-NMR, and MS. To our knowledge, oleanolic acid (3) has been isolated for the first time from the seeds of Fagopyrum species. The total contents of compounds 4 - 7 were 0.500 mg/g in Daesan maemil, 0.312 mg/g in Yangjul maemil, and 2.185 mg/g in tartary buckwheat.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.49-52
• /
• 2001

Anti-lipid peroxidative activity and phytochemical study on the leaves of Glycine max Meer. were investigated. The methanol extract of the leaves of G. max reduced the level of lipid peroxides induced by bromobenzene in vitro. From the leaves of this plant, apigenin, genistein $7-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$, kaempferol $3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$, and kaempferol 3-O-sophoroside were isolated and characterized by spectral data.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.170-176
• /
• 1996

A chemical examination of the aerial parts of Euphorbia pekinensis $R_{UPRECHT}$. (Euphorbiaceae) has led to the isolation of seven hydrolyzable tannins and ten fl avonoid glycosides. The former ones have been identified as gallic acid, methylgallate, 3-O-galloyl shikimic acid, 1,3,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-${\beta}-_D$-glucose, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-${\beta}-_D$-glucose, corilagin, geraniin and the latter ones as isoquercitrin, quercitrin, astragalin, afzelin, prunin, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-O-(2"-O-galloyl)-${\beta}-_D$-glucoside and quercetin-3-O-(2"-O-galloyl)-${\alpha}-_L$-rhamnoside on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.81-87
• /
• 1997

일본잎갈나무잎을 채취하여 아세톤 : 물 (7 : 3, v/v) 의 혼합용액으로 추출한 후 에틸아세테이트용성 화합물과 수용성 화합물로 분리하였으며 Sephadex LH-20으로 충진한 칼럼을 사용하여 화합물을 단리 하였다. 단리 화합물을 확인하기 위하여 셀룰로오스 박층 크로마토그래피(TLC)를 실시한 후 자외선 램프 하에서 관찰하였다. 바닐린 발색제를 분무히여 정색반응을 조사하고 $R_r$ 값을 구하였다. 단리된 화합물들의 구조는 $^1H$-NMR과 $^{13}C$-NMR 스펙트럼을 이용하여 그 구조를 규명하였으며 에틸아세테이트용성 화합물에서는 (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, kaempferol-O-arabinofuranoside와 kaempferol-3-O-arabinopyranoside, 수용성 화합물에서는 apigenin-8-C-rhamnosyl-($1"'{\rightarrow}2"$)-glucoside(2"-O-rhamnosylvitexin)을 단리 하였다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.51 no.2
• /
• pp.57-60
• /
• 2008

Eight compounds, including 2 flavones, luteolin (1) and apigenin (2), 2 flavonols, kaempferol (3) and quercetin (4), and 4 flavonoid glucosides, luteolin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-glucoside (5), apigetrin (6), astragalin (7), and isoquercitrin (8), isolated from the whole herb of Sonchus oleraceus L. were analyzed on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. This was the first time to report compounds 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 from the Sonchus oleraceus L. The antioxidant activities of the isolated flavonoids and their glucoside derivatives were evaluated by DPPH free radical-scavenging assay, showing that compounds 1, 3, 4 and 8 exhibited stronger antioxidant activities compared with ${\alpha}$, tocopherol and curcumin. Flavonoids containing more hydroxyl groups exhibited better antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activity of flavonols was superior to their corresponding flavones, and that of aglycone are more potent than their glucoside derivatives.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2011

Fifteen populations comprising three taxa and a putative hybrid of Fallopia sect. Reynoutria in Korea were examined for their leaf flavonoid constituents. Nineteen flavonoid compounds were isolated and identified; they were glycosylated derivatives of the flavonols quercetin and kaempferol, and of the flavones apigenin and luteolin. Among them, quercetin 3-O-galactoside and quercetin 3-O-glucoside were major flavonoid constituents, and present in all taxa. The flavonoid data appear to be very useful for taxon delimitation, and all taxa examined are readily distinguished by their flavonoid profiles. In addition, the flavonoid data suggest that the Nonsan population may be of hybrid origin involving F. japonica var. japonica, F. forbesii, and F. sachalinensis. In F. japonica var. japonica, there is no apparent correlation between their levels of polyploidy and flavonoid chemistry, but geographical variation of the flavonoid profiles among some populations was detected.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 2011

BACKGROUND: Anthocyanins have been recognized as health-enhancing substances due to their antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and hypoglycemic effects. The objective was to identify anthocyanins-rich rice grains for the development of functional foods and/or functional food colorants METHODS AND RESULTS: Rice grains of one black and three red-hulled rice varieties were extracted with acidified 80% aqueous methanol. The antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts was screened on TLC plates and in an in vitro assay using DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) as a free radical source. Red-hulled rice varieties exhibited higher antioxidant activity (88%, 1 mg/mL) than black rice (67%, 1 mg/mL). Among the red-hulled varieties tested, rice variety SSALBYEO54 (901452) was the most active (72%, 0.5 mg/mL). Rice extracted anthocyanin compounds were analyzed by HPLC-DAD-FLD and LC-MS/MS. Red-hulled varieties comprised cyanidin-3-glucoside in addition to ferulic acid esters, apigenin and kaempferol glycosides. CONCLUSION(s): Anthocyanins identified in the black rice variety were cyanidin-7-O-galactoside, cyanidin-3-Oglucoside, cyanidin-3'-O-glucoside, cyanidin-5-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3, 7-O-diglucoside, cyanidin-3, 5-O-diglucoside and peonidin-4'-O-glucoside. The results of this study show that the black rice (IT212512) and red-hulled rice variety SSALBYEO54 (901452) contain notable antioxidant activity for potential use in nutraceutical or functional food formulations.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.365-371
• /
• 2003

The potential of seven flavonoid glycosides to induce quinone reductase (QR), an anticarcinogenic marker enzyme, in murine hepatoma cells (hepalc1c7) and its mutant cells (BPRc1) was evaluated. Among test compounds, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, luteolin-6-c-glucoside, and quercetin-3-O-glucoside (Q-3-G) induced QR in hepalc1c7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. However, in BPRc1 cells lacking arylhydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT), only Q-3-G caused a significant induction of quinone reductase at the concentration range of 0.5 to 8 ug/mL, suggesting that it is a monofunctional inducer. Q-3-G induced not only phase 2 enzymes, including QR and glutathione-S-transferase, but also nitroblue tetrazolium reduction activity in HL-60 cells, a biochemical marker for cell differentiation promoting agents. In conclusion, Q-3-G merits further study to evaluate its cancer chemopreventive potential.