• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.219-223
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• 2005

A promising capacitor, which has conformable step coverage and good uniformity of thickness and composition, is needed to manufacture high-density non-volatile FeRAM capacitors with a stacked cell structure. In this study, ferroelectric $Bi_{3.61}Nd_{0.39}Ti_3O_{12}$ (BNdT) thin films were prepared on $Pt(111)/TiO_2/SiO_2/Si$ substrates by the liquid delivery system MOCVD method. In these experiments, $Bi(ph)_{3}$, $Nd(TMHD)\_{3}$ and $Ti(O^iPr)_{2}(TMHD)_{2}$ were used as the precursors and were dissolved in n-butyl acetate. The BNdT thin films were deposited at a substrate temperature and reactor pressure of approximately $600^{\circ}C$ and 4.8 Torr, respectively. The microstructure of the layered perovskite phase was observed by XRD and SEM. The remanent polarization value (2Pr) of the BNdT thin film was $31.67\;{\mu}C/cm^{2}$ at an applied voltage of 5 V.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.84-98
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• 2012

This study examines the children's wear purchasing behavior of younger generation women (the missy group) and in the new-silver generation (retired). The data collected in the study were examined with a view to establish effective marketing strategies within the children's wear market, a market where the age and characteristics of the actual purchasers of the products have become more diverse. A descriptive survey method using a self-administered questionnaire was employed. The sample consisted of 398 females between the ages of 28 and 64 residing in Seoul and the Gyeonggi-do area. Data collected were analyzed by frequency, t-test, ANOVA, factor analysis, cluster analysis, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Respondents were classified into 4 groups by their clothes shopping orientation: conformable/brand conscious purchasing type, planned purchasing/enjoy shopping type, store/brand loyal impulse-oriented type, and dependent/low shopping interest type. There were differences between the missy and the new- silver generations under consideration. It is clear from the study that, even though some individuals of the missy group and of new-silver group belonged to the same shopping orientation type, individuals still showed differences with regard to children's wear purchasing behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.575-587
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• 2010

This study identifies the effects of the perceived risk by adolescents on fashion brand conformity for peer groups. Perceived risk, self-esteem, and gender were adopted as variables in order to analyze conformable fashion brand behavior with peer group consideration. A quantitative survey used 672 questionnaires from male and female students between the ages of 14 and 18. The data were analyzed using factor analysis and regression analysis. The results are as follows. First, the dimensions of the brand conformity and perceived risk were revealed. The brand conformity dimensions were normative, informational, and identificational conformity. The perceived risk dimensions were socio-psychological, economic, exchange-refund, performance, management, and fashion risks. Second, fashion (+) and performance (-) risk significantly affected three types of brand conformity. In addition, socio-psychological and economic risk positively affected informational brand conformity. Third, there were more factors of perceived risk that affected brand conformity in the highly self-esteemed group and in the female adolescent group.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.217-227
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• 1998

Calcium sulfate(plaster of Paris) has been used in dental and orthopedic surgery for about 100 years. It is well known that the plaster is bioresorbable, biocompatible, defect conformable and moldable. The purpose of this study is to evaluate two effects of calcium sulfate on bone regeneration, that is, the effects of graft materials and barrier for bone regeneration. Cortical bone defects were formed for recipient site on the femurs of 19 Sprague-Dawley rats. The autogenous particulated bone and calcium sulfate were grafted to the defects. Calcium sulfate paste, $Gore-Tex^R$ membrane(W.L. GORE & ASSOCIATES LTD., U.S.A.) and rubber sheet were used for the shielding materials. The results were as follows : 1. Calcium sulfate that had been grafted in the cortical bone defect was almost resorbed before bone remodeling, resultantly had little effect on bone regeneration. 2. Resoption process of calcium sulfate grafted on the bone grafting area tends to be accelerated, as being divided into numerous small particles progressively. Under the situation where the calcium sulfate was protected, with the coverage of fascia, $Gore-Tex^R$ membrane or rubber sheet, new bone formation was confirmed with presence of calcium sulfate particles over 6 weeks after grafting. 3. In the case of calcium sulfate covered with membrane, distinct bone formation was observed on the marrow space of femur adjacent to the plaster mass. 4. Rubber shielded plaster group revealed new bone trabeculae under the rubber sheet, but it showed ischemic degeneration of superficial cortical bone.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.305-308
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• 2006

Advanced mobile communication devices require a bright, high information content display in a small, light-weight, low power consumption package. For portable applications flexible (or conformable) and rugged displays will be the future. In this paper we outline our progress towards developing such a low power consumption active-matrix flexible OLED $(FOLED^{TM})$ display. We demonstrate full color 100 ppi QVGA active matrix OLED displays on flexible stainless steel substrates. Our work in this area is focused on integrating three critical enabling technologies. The first technology component is based on UDC's high efficiency long-lived phosphorescent OLED $(PHOLED^{TM})$ device technology, which has now been commercially demonstrated as meeting the low power consumption performance requirements for mobile display applications. Secondly, is the development of flexible active-matrix backplanes, and for this our team are employing PARC's Excimer Laser Annealed (ELA) poly-Si TFTs formed on metal foil substrates as this approach represents an attractive alternative to fabricating poly-Si TFTs on plastic for the realization of first generation flexible active matrix OLED displays. Unlike most plastics, metal foil substrates can withstand a large thermal load and do not require a moisture and oxygen permeation barrier. Thirdly, the key to reliable operation is to ensure that the organic materials are fully encapsulated in a package designed for repetitive flexing, and in this device we employ a multilayer thin film Barix encapsulation technology in collaboration with Vitex systems. Drive electronics and mechanical packaging are provided by L3 Displays.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.15-15
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• 2010

Ginseng contained many different kinds of saponin which was the most valuable for people, but its yield cannot satisfy the demand using traditional extract methods. Enzyme transformation is a conformable and highly performed method which was fit for today. A ${\beta}$-glucosidase producing bacterium ($DCY51^T$) was isolated from Korean fermented-vegetable food kimchi. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain $DCY51^T$ belongs to the genus Lactobacillus. The highest sequence similarity was found with Lactobacillus paracollinoides LMG $22473^T$ and Lactobacillus collinoides LMG $9194^T$ with levels of 16S rDNA similarity of 97.4% and 97.3%, respectively. Based on the above results the strain $DCY51^T$ placed in the genus Lactobacillus and proposed a new species, Lactobacillus kimchicus sp. nov. $DCY51^T$ (= KCTC $12976^T$ = JCM $15530^T$). It was culture solution reacted with Red Ginseng extract and $Rb_1$, respectively. The medium of bacteria was the liquid of MRS, the temperatures of growing and reacting between bacteria liquid and saponin were samely $37^{\circ}C$, there spective reacting time were 12 hours and 48 hours. Thus we got different saponins, and TLC and HPLC analysis showed that: enzyme respectively reacted with $Rb_1$ and Red Ginseng extract got the transformed saponin, respectively. The polarity position in TLC was a little higher than Rd; and the polarity position was the same as that of Compound K's, the saponin obtained from HPLC and other experimental results was not Compound K. The constitution of its saponin was hoped to be further confirmed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.392.1-392.1
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• 2016

Nowadays, research interest in developing the wearable devices are growing remarkably. Portable consumer electronic systems are becoming lightweight, flexible and even wearable. In fact, wearable electronics require energy storage device with thin, foldable, stretchable and conformable properties. Accordingly, developing the flexible energy storage devices with desirable abilities has become the main focus of research area. Among various energy storage devices, supercapacitors have been considered as an attractive next generation energy storage device owing to their advantageous properties of high power density, rapid charge-discharge rate, long-cycle life and high safety. The energy being stored in pseudocapacitors is relatively higher compared to the electrochemical double-layer capacitors, which is due to the continuous redox reactions generated in the electrode materials of pseudocapacitors. Generally, transition metal oxides/hydroxide (such as $Co_3O_4$, $Ni(OH)_2$, $NiFe_2O_4$, $MnO_2$, $CoWO_4$, $NiWO_4$, etc.) with controlled nanostructures (NSs) are used as electrode materials to improve energy storage properties in pseudocapacitors. Therefore, different growth methods have been used to synthesize these NSs. Of various growth methods, electrochemical deposition is considered to be a simple and low-cost method to facilely integrate the various NSs on conductive electrodes. Herein, we synthesized amorphous $NiWO_4$ NSs on cost-effective conductive textiles by a facile electrochemical deposition. The as-grown amorphous $NiWO_4$ NSs served as a flexible and efficient electrode for energy storage applications.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.676-682
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• 2002

The concept of sensible temperature in winter is an attempt to quantify the sensation of cold by dry-bulb temperature combined with wind speed. Siple-Passel’s windchill equivalent temperature originated in experiments that are not conformable to various human conditions. Therefore, many investigators have found the flaws which are listed. Steadman’s model is based on the concept of thermal equilibrium and more sound and more representative of human conditions. But no classifications exist for Steadman’s windchill equivalent temperature, yet. The JAG/TI-model which was developed by US and Canada is more accurate, easy to understand and reflects human beings by conducting experiments using human volunteers but didn't take into account solar radiation, wet condition and physical state of the individual. Because of individual differences in people’s age, activity, health, metabolic rate, etc., no experimental evidence exists to suggest whether Siple-Passel’s, Steadman’s and JAG/TI-model’s windchill equivalent temperature is more applicable to the majority of people. Therefore we need the windchill model which is best applicable to Korean Army.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1190-1197
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• 2017

Objective: Adipose tissue is no longer considered as an inert storage organ for lipid, but instead is thought to play an active role in regulating insulin effects via secretion adipokines. However, conflicting reports have emerged regarding the effects of adipokines. In this study, we investigated the role of adipokines in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in obese Bama mini-pigs. Methods: An obesity model was established in Bama mini-pigs, by feeding with high-fat and high-sucrose diet for 30 weeks. Plasma glucose and blood biochemistry levels were measured, and intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed. Adipokines, including adiponectin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), resistin and tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$), and glucose-induced insulin secretion were also examined by radioimmunoassay. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation in skeletal muscle, which is a useful insulin resistance marker, was examined by immunoblotting. Additionally, associations of AMPK phosphorylation with plasma adipokines and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were assessed by Pearce's correlation analysis. Results: Obese pigs showed hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, and insulin resistance. Adiponectin levels were significantly decreased (p<0.05) and IL-6 amounts dramatically increased (p<0.05) in obese pigs both in serum and adipose tissue, corroborating data from obese mice and humans. However, circulating resistin and $TNF-{\alpha}$ showed no difference, while the values of $TNF-{\alpha}$ in adipose tissue were significantly higher in obese pigs, also in agreement with data from obese humans but not rodent models. Moreover, strong associations of skeletal muscle AMPK phosphorylation with plasma adiponectin and HOMA-IR index were obtained. Conclusion: AMPK impairment induced by adiponectin decrease mediates insulin resistance in high-fat and high-sucrose diet induction. In addition, Bama mini-pig has the possibility of a conformable model for human metabolic diseases.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2007

In this study we experiment on sand deposits (tine aggregates) taken from the old river-bed of the Bonghwang-cheon of Geum River Basin, and evaluate physical properties of fine aggregates in comparison to the KS quality regulation. As a result of experimentation, particle size of fine aggregates is generally smaller in the downstream area than in the upstream area. In addition, physical properties of the fine aggregates tend to depend on the bedrock type. Physical properties of fine aggregates show a strong positive correlation with particle size of old river-bed sediments. Finally, the general physical properties of fine aggregates are conformable to the KS quality regulation, except density and proportion of materials finer than $75{\mu}m$.