• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the jujube hot-water extraction and antioxidant. After extraction of hot-water jujube, general composition analysis and functional tests were performed. The results of general composition analysis showed 22.33% of moisture content, 0.71% of crude lipid, 5.21% of crude protein, and 3.87% of ash. From DPPH test results, in concentrations of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ of jujube extracts, electron donating ability was shown with 68.24%. The SOD ability in concentrations of $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ was 13.12%. The nitrite scavenging ability of jujube extracts was 11.79% at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$. The yogurt with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% of jujube extracts was made, and the general composition analysis and the functional tests were performed. The results of the general composition analysis of jujube yogurt, showed 74.71~76.56% of moisture contents, 1.31~3.38% of crude lipid, 2.13~3.40% of crude protein, and 1.18~1.28% of ash. The DPPH test results showed 46.33% for 1% added jujube extract, 53.78% for 2% added jujube extract, 90.87% for 3% added jujube extract, and 89.58% for 4% added jujube extract. The SOD ability showed 4.93% for 1% added jujube extract, 7.28% for 2% added jujube extract, 11.38% for 3% added jujube extract, and 11.50% for 4% added jujube extract.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2006

This study was carried out to survey the effect of Jujube extract on the growth of 3 strains of lactic acid bacteria(LBA) starter cultures in the MRS broth by the addition of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2% extract The pH, titratable acidity and OD of LAB were investigated in order to get fundamental knowledge for the development a new product. The effects of Jujube extract on the growth of LAB were variable depending upon the LAB species and concentrations of Jujube extract significantly (p<0.05). In the results, Jujube extract enhanced the acid production and propagation by the 3 LAB strains with increasing concentration of Jujube extracts until 2.0% added was to the MRS broth medium (p<0.05). Addition of Jujube extract markedly stimulated the acid production and propagation of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus thermophilus and Bifidobacterium longum.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2002

Hydrothermal extraction from dates was done, and then 3 groups of the date extract liquid group (A), the date puree group (B) and the jujube skin flesh group (C) were prepared. And, the omija extract liquid was added to the 3 groups at respective rates of 3:7, 5:5 and 7:3. Then, total 9 medicated diet sources were prepared by adding cinnamon, the ginger extract liquid, honey and pectin. And their physicochenmical and sensory attributes were examined. Total sugar, free sugar and pH increased in the samples of the 3 groups as the addition amount of the jujube extract increased. In chromaticity of respective samples, the "L" value did not show any difference among the 3 groups, but the "a" value was the highest in the "A"group, and "b"value was the highest in the "B"group. In the date puree group and the jujube skin flesh group, their viscosity increased as the addition amount of the jujube extract increased, but in the jujube extract liquid group, no difference was found in its viscosity. As a result of conducting the discrimination test, it was identified that the as the addition amount of the jujube extract was increased, color and sweet taste were feltto be stronger and our taste was felt to be weaker in all 3 groups. In the jujube puree group and the jujube skin flesh group, as the addition amount of the jujube extract increased, the jujube fragrance was felt to be stronger, but in the jujube extract liquid group, no difference was found in its fragrance. And, no difference was found in brightness and viscosity between samples. As a result of conducting the palatability test, no difference was showed in the appearance, but as for the overall palatability including texture, taste and fragrance, preference increased as the addition amount of the jujube extract increased.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2013

Black jujube was made by aging dried jujube and its physiochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activities were evaluated. The moisture and sugar contents were increased depending on the period of aging times and the pH was reduced thereby increasing acidity. The color of black jujube extract was changed from red to black resulting in decreases of Hunter color values L, a and b. As the aging progressed, sucrose was decomposed by increasing glucose and fructose, indicating higher contents of the total reducing sugars. Among the six different types of organic acids extracted from dried jujube, the levels of oxalic acid and citric acid were increased as the aging progressed. The total polyphenol contents in ethanol and water extracts of dried jujube were 7.74 and 8.12 mg/g, respectively. The water extract of black jujube aged for 48 hr contained the highest polyphenol contents at 16.82 mg/g. The 5'-hydroxymethylfurfural (5'-HMF) contents of black jujube extract significantly increased by longer aging times, and contained higher contents in the ethanol extract than water extract. The ethanol extract of black jujube showed the highest 5'-HMF content with 338.89 mg% after aging for 3 days. Also, $IC_{50}$ values of black jujube aged for 72 hr evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical assays were 0.54 and 0.59 mg/mL, respectively. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibitory activities of black jujube at the concentration of 3.33 mg/mL (ethanol extract) increased from 65 to 80 % after aging for 72 hr.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.590-596
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• 2005

대추 추출액 첨가시 제빵적성에 요구되는 반죽의 이화학적 특성 변화를 조사하였다. 대추 추출액의 수분은 92.5%, 단백질 0.50%, 회분 0.37%였고 pH는 4.65로 나타났다. 대추 추출액의 유리당은 sucrose가 4,340mg%로 가장 많았고 fructose, glucose 순으로 나타났다. 반죽의 물리적특성 중 farinogram에서는 대추 추출액 첨가량 증가에 따라 흡수율은 증가하였고 반죽형성시간과 안정도는 짧아졌으며 약화도는 커지는 경향을 보였다. Extensogram의 발효특성은 대추 추출액의 증가에 따라 신장도는 짧아졌고 저항도는 증가하였으며 Resistance/Extensibility값은 증가하였다. Amylogram의 호화특성은 대추 추출액 첨가량이 증가할수록 호화개시온도는 큰 차이가 없었고 최고점도는 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1995

The protective effect of jujube methanol extract on benzo(a)pyrene(B(a)P)-induced liver injury was studied in rats in vitro and in vivo. Jujube methanol extract significantly recovered the enzyme activities(GOT, GPT, LDH and ALP) and lipid contents(total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol) changed by B(a)P to normal levels in vivo. in viro experiment jujube methanol extract didn't stimulate hepatocyte proliferation but significantly recovered the enzyme activities(GOT, GPT and LDH) in comparison to group Ⅱ administered B(a)P only. It was suggested that jujube methanol extract have a protective effect on liver injury by B(a)P.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.357-359
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• 2006

대추 추출물에서 fibrin을 가수분해 하는 생리활성 물질이 존재함을 알고 이 추출물의 열과 산에 대한 안정성 및 그 특징을 조사 하였다. Fibrin plate method 를 사용하여 측정된 fibrinolytic activity 는 대추 추출물의 첨가량이 증가할수록 높았으며, 이 추출물은 $100^{\circ}C$ 에서 10분간 열처리시에 안정한것으로 나타났다. 또한 pH 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 에서 3시간 보관후 fibrinolytic activity 를 측정한 결과 control의 80% 이상의 활성을 나타내었다. 한편 투석후 (분자량 12,000) 에는 활성이 나타나지 않았으며, 이는 대추에서 추출한 fibrin 분해 생리활성 물질이 분자량이 낮은 저분자 물질임을 알 수 있었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.70-79
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• 1996

환원(還元) 탈지분유(脫脂粉乳)에 대추 extract를 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 및 5%를 첨가(添加)하고 혼합(混合) 유산균(乳酸菌)(Str. hermophilus, Lac. bulgaricus)으로 발효(醱酵)하여 요구르트를 제조한 후(後) 대추 extract 첨가가 유산균(乳酸菌)의 pH 및 산생성, 유산균(乳酸菌) 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향(影響), 점도변화(粘度變化), 당류변화(糖類變化) 및 관능검사(官能檢査)등을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 대추 extract 첨가군(添加群)이 대조군(對照群)에 비하여 산(酸) 생성(生成)의 증가(增加) 및 pH의 저하(低下)가 빨랐으며, 첨가구간에서도 대추 extract 첨가(添加) 농도(濃度)가 높을수록 pH의 저하(低下) 및 산(酸) 생성(生成)의 증가(增加)가 빨랐다. 2. 대조구(對照區)에 비하여 대추 extract 첨가구들의 유산균수(乳酸菌數)가 증가(增加)되었고, 첨가구들간에서도 첨가농도(添加農度)가 높을수록 유산균수(乳酸菌數)는 증가(增加)되었다. 3. 배양(培養) 6시간에는 대조구(對照區)에 비하여 대추 extract 첨가(添加) 농도(濃度)가 높을수록 점도(粘度)는 증가(增加)되었고, 4%, 5% 첨가구(添加區)는 12시간까지 급격한 점도(粘度) 저하(低下)가 나타났으나, 이중 5% 첨가구가 가장 낮았다. 4. 배양후 0시간에서는 대추 extract 첨가(添加) 농도(濃度)가 높을수록 glucose와 fluctose는 대조구(對照區)에 비하여 함량이 높아졌으며, 12시에서는 lactose는 대조구(對照區) 및 첨가구(添加區)들에서 비슷하게 감소(減少)되었고, fructose와 glucose도 감소(減少) 경향을 보였으며, galactose는 대조구(對照區) 및 첨가구(添加區)에서 0시간에 비하여 축적되는 경향을 보였다. 5. 관능검사 결과 맛(taste)과 냄새(odor)는 조구(照區)에 비하여 4%, 및 5% 첨가구가 우수하였으며, 색(色)(color)은 대조구(對照區) 대추 extract 첨가구(添加區)와 비교하여 우수하였고, 조직(Texture)은 대조구(對照區)가 대추 extract 첨가구들보다 좋았으나 4%, 및 5% 첨가구와는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 전체(Overall)적으로는 대추 extract 3%,및 4% 첨가구가 우수하여 대추 extract 첨가(添加) 요구르트의 제조 가능성을 보여주었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 1997

대추에서 차지하는 씨의 중량비는 19.1%였으며, 씨 뺀 건조 대추의 성분은 수분 20.4%,조단백질 5.3%, 조지방 1.3%, 조회분 2.7%, 조섬유 4.4%, 가용성 무질소물이 65.9%였다. 씨 뺀 건조 대추의 알콜 불용성 고형물 함량은 17.4%였으며, 알콜 불용성 고형물중의 산 가용성 펙틴이 3.7%로 그 함량이 가장 높았고, 수용성 펙틴이 3.0%, 염 가용성 펙틴 및 수산화나트륨 가용성 펙틴이 1.0%로 가장 낮은 함량을 나타내었다. 대추의 유리당은 sucrose, glucose, fructose로 구성되어 있었으며, 씨 뺀 건조 대추에는 sucrose가 48.1%, fructose가 18.7%, glucose가 11.3%의 함량이었다. 대추의 건조실험에서 씨 떤 대추는 건조 11시간 이후, 일반 대추를 48시간 건조하였을 때의 수분함량(11%) 및 가용성 고형물 함량(78 brix)에 도달하여 일반 대추 보다 4배 정도 건조시간이 단축되었다. 가수량과 추출시간에 따른 씨 앤 건조 대추와 일반 건조 대추의 추출의 특성을 비교한 결과, 두 시료 모두 가수량이 증가할수록 당도가 감소하였으나, 씨 떤 건조 대추의 당도가 더 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 추출 시간에 따른 추출액의 당도는 씨 뺀 건조 대추를 30분 추출한 당도가 일반 건조대추의 150분 추출한 당도와 같은 수치를 나타내었으며, 150분 추출 이후로는 증가하지 않았다. 추출액의 색도를 측정한 결과 L값은 일반 건조 대추가, a값과 b값은 씨 떤 건조 대추가 높게 나타났다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.87-94
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• 1994

The conditions of water extraction form the dried jujube (Zizyphus jujuba) were examined. The general components, taste, and effect of taste correction of jujube water extract concentrate (JWEC) were investigated. desirable condition for extraction was that 100g of dried jujube was added to 750$m\ell$ of water and heated for 80 minutes at 100$^{\circ}C$. The yield of JWEC was 50% and the manin component of it was sugar (90%). The major taste of JWEC was sweetness, and it had astringent, bitter, sour and salty tastes as incidental taste. The taste was changed to desirable taste when 15% of JWEC was added to coffee, 10% of JWEC was added to fermented soy sauce, thick soypaste mixed with red pepper, and vinegar, respectively.