• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.183-188
• /
• 2012

노인층에서의 턱관절장애의 증상과 징후에 관한 이전 연구에서 일관된 결론을 제시하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 연령에 따른 턱관절의 증상과 징후의 유병률을 분석하는 것이다. 젊은층을 대조군으로 평가하였다. 40명의 노인층 환자 (28명 여자, 12명 남자, 평균연령: $65.2{\pm}2.5$)와 40명의 젊은층 환자 (30명 여자, 10명 남자, 평균연령: $23.3{\pm}2.6$)로서 턱관절장애(temporomandibular disorders, TMD)로 진단받은 질환자를 대상으로 하였다. 실험 대상자는 다음과 같은 평가기준을 적용하였다. 주관적 평가인 주소에서 구강안면 통증의 정도(VAS), 객관적인 평가에서 하악 개구 시 운동량, TMJ 관절잡음 (관절음, 염발음), TMJ 촉진 시 통증, 저작과 관련된 근육(교근, 측두근)과 목 근육, 견부근의 촉진 시 통증에 관한 것을 포함한다. 두 그룹 간 차이점 분석은 t 검정과 카이제곱 검정 방법을 사용하였다. (SPSS v. 17) P 값이 0.05 이하인 것을 통계적으로 유의성 있게 보았다. 주관적인 평가에서 주소에 나타난 구강안면 통증 정도에서는 두 그룹 간 유의한 차이는 발견되지 않았다. 객관적인 평가에서 노인층 환자에서 개구 시 염발음이 25%에서 관찰되었고 저작근 촉진 시 통증은 82.5%에서 관찰되었으며 측두근 촉진시에 60%에서 통증을 보였다. 반대로, 젊은층에서 62.5%에서 관절잡음이 관찰되었고 개구 시 좀 더 큰 운동량을 보였다. (p=0.043) 관절잡음과 촉진 시 근육 통증, 하악 운동량에서 두 그룹 간 차이는 현저했다. 노인층에서 TMD에 대한 개구 시염발음, 근육 촉진 시 통증이 자주 관찰되는 반면 젊은 층에서는 하악 운동 시 관절잡음, 운동 시 개구량의 증가가 보다 많이 관찰되었다.

• 치과방사선
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 1985

The author obtained the oblique lateral trans cranial radiograms from 376 patients (114 of male, and 262 of female) with temporomandibular joint arthrosis. After tracing each film, the author analyzed the dimensional changes of the condylar heads with pain, clicking, mouth opening limitation, and masticatory difficulty respectively, which were the chief complaints of the TMJ arthrosis and compared these data with control group. The results were as follows; 1. There was a great predilection for occurrence of the TMJ arthrosis in female (262 cases) over male (114 cases). But there was no significant difference in ratio between the sexes on each symptom. In male, 60 patients (52.6%) had pain, 28 patients (24.6%) had clicking, 21 patients (18.4%) had mouth opening limitation, and 5 patients (4.4%) had masticatory difficulty. In female, 148 parients (56.5%) had pain, 57 patients (21.8%) had clicking, 47 patients (17.9%) had mouth opening limitation, and 10 patients (3.8%) had masticatory difficulty. 2. Examined controlled group, the author analyzed the dimension of W-W', 0-H, 0-A, 0-B on the right side first, and left side second. In male, the dimension of W-W' was 14.52㎜, 14.13㎜; 0-H was 13.92㎜, 13. 71㎜' 0-A was 8.91㎜, 9.0㎜ and 0-B was 8.67㎜, 8.78㎜. In female, W-W' was 13.77㎜, 13.51㎜; 0-H was 13.42㎜, 13.35㎜; 0-A was 8.92㎜, 9.01㎜; and 0-B was 8.59㎜, 8.80㎜. 3. W-W' and 0-H of the experimental group were distinctly lesser than the controlled group. Male with mouth opening limitation show the least (12.70㎜, 13.00㎜) on W-W', but both sexes with pain show the least on 0-H. There was no significant difference between experimental group with Clicking and controlled group on 0-H, 0-A, and 0-B. And also there was no difference on 0-B in patients with every symptom except masticatory difficulty. The dimensional changes of the condylar heads with those symptoms were as follows; a) In male patients, complaing of pain, W-W' of the right and left was 13.80㎜, 12.80㎜; 0-H was 13.10㎜, 12.90㎜; 0-A was 8.69㎜, 8.18㎜; 0-B was 8.33㎜, 8.42㎜. In female, W-W' was 13.01㎜, 12.90㎜; 0-H was 12.48㎜, 12.80㎜; 0-A was 8.60㎜, 8.49㎜; 0-B was 8.48㎜, 8.50㎜. b) In male patients with clicking, W-W' was 13.70㎜, 13.10㎜; 0-H was 13.90㎜, 13.10㎜; 0-A was 8.81㎜, 8.16㎜ 0-B was 8.34㎜, 8.25㎜. In female, W-W' was 13.10㎜, 13.50㎜; 0-H was 13.30㎜, 12.91㎜; 0-A was 8.95㎜, 8.49㎜; 0-B was 8.23㎜, 8.70㎜. c) In male patients with mouth opening limitation, W-W' was 12.70㎜, 13.00㎜; 0-H was 13.40㎜, 13.40㎜; 0-A was 8.37㎜, 8.48㎜; 0-B was 8.33㎜, 8.62㎜. In female, W-W' was 13.00㎜, 12.50㎜ 0-H was 12.90㎜, 13.10㎜; 0-A was 8.49㎜, 8.09㎜; 0-B was 8.77㎜, 8.01㎜. d) In male patients with masticatory difficulty, W-W' was 13.30㎜, 13.20㎜; 0-H was 13.40㎜, 12.60㎜; 0-A was 8.26㎜, 8.32㎜; 0-B was 7.80㎜, 8.20㎜. In female, W-W' was 12.30㎜, 12.00㎜; 0-H was 13.10㎜, 13.20㎜; 0-A was 8.68㎜, 7.95㎜; 0-B was 7.46㎜, 7.87㎜.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.544-558
• /
• 2006

Trismus is a common problem to most people experiencing at once in his or her life and to most dental practitioners experiencing frequently. It has a number of potential causes which are single factor or complex factors. Its treatment will depend on the cause. The purpose of this study was to discuss the causes of trismus condition and the various treatments available. This study was made by reviewing of collected data from 86 patients complained of trismus among patients who were diagnosed by TMD, tumor, infection including tetanus, soft tissue anomalies, bony fracture and ankylosis from Jan 2002 to Dec 2004 on department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at Pusan National University Hospital, South Korea. The clinical reviews regarding chief complaints, clinical characteristics, diagnostic examination, treatments and the results on the patients were given as follows. 1. The etiology of trismus commonly were derived from temporomandibular joint(TMJ) disorder, TMJ ankylosis, TMJ tumor, odontogenic maxillofacial infection, mandibular condylar fracture, tetanus. 2. The chief complaints of trismus patients were progressive mouth opening limitation, TMJ pain, malocclusion, facial asymmetry, retrognathic state. 3. Especially, for the differential diagnosis between the fibrous ankylosis and true bony ankylosis, computed tomogram (CT) was useful. Surgical gap arthroplasty on bony ankylosis patients was applied and the gain of mouth opening after operation was average 35.8 mm during 19 months. 4. The tetanus, rarely, also induced the trismus with the range of mouth opening less than 10 mm. The average serum level of tetanus anti-toxin was 0.02-0.04 IU/mL. The limitation of mouth opening was improved into average 38 mm on 4 weeks after injection of 10,000 units of tetanus immune globulin. 5. In the treatment of osteochondroma, TMD, odontogenic infection and fracture, and the others inducing trismus, to obtian the maximum result and decreased inadequate time and effort, it is important to finding the causes from the exact clinical examination and diagnosis.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.30-38
• /
• 2000

This paper presents a framework how to estimate crack driving forces in terms of crack-tip opening displacement and J-integral for mismatched dissimilar joints with interface cracks. The mismatch in elastic, thermal, and plastic hardening properties is not considered, but the mismatch in plastic yield strengths is emphasized here. The main outcome of the present work is that the existing methods to estimate crack driving forces for homogeneous materials can be used with slight modification. Such modification includes (i) mismatch- corrected limit load solutions, and (ii) evaluating the contribution of each material in dissimilar joints to the total crack driving force, which depends on the strength mismatch of the dissimilar joints.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.369-377
• /
• 1998

A patient with TMJ osteoarthritis and anterior open bite was treated with an intermaxillary traction device. Pretreatment examination revelaed a pain in both TMJ during mouth opening, moderate tendernesso f left sternocleidomastoid and right trapezius muscles. Anterior open Bite was aobserved with interincisal distance of 2mm. Tomograms and MRI showed anterior disc displacement withouit reductoin of both temporomandibular joints, and the condyles were flattened and slightly eroded. A pair of full-coverage occlusal appliances was made on both maxillary and mandibular dentition, with pivoting fulcrum on the site of the second moalr. Traction force was gained by the intermaxillary orthodontic elastics which were hooked by orthodontic brackets on the labial surfaces of the upper and lower anterior and premolar teeth. After 8 weeks of traction treatment, the joint pain was subsided completely and the anterior open bite was closed to get an edge to edge relationship of anterior teeth.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2002년도 학술논문발표회
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2002

The study offer a suggestion that from result in being a case to efflorescence for decrease a plan: $\circled1$ A efflorescence of concreat a structure will be the prograss plan; In the materials, depress use to the water-sand in the construction, admonish unification of front and rear in the environment, consideration requisite concreat don't the occurrence efflorescence. $\circled2$ Ma sonry building efflorescence establish a ventilation opening and a waterway to ma sonry the times avoid the winter or the rainy season. Ma sonry building efflorescence will be make good among a brick to a brick interval closely mortar. $\circled3$ Tile building, tile of plasticity temperature is appropriate, reduce the deviation, parapet part of efflorescence will be make good closely mortar. A construction material part a meterial developing need Perfection of construction a efflorescence occurrence is the minimum, a plan Part developed so on, composition of a ommection field systematic effort need a efflorescence Prevention a kind of detail.

• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2002년도 International Symposium
• /
• pp.79-94
• /
• 2002

Root cause -Thermal expansion coefficient mismatch -Tape warpage -Initial die crack (die roughness) Guideline for failure prevention -Optimized tape/Substrate design for minimizing the warpage -Fine surface of die backside Root cause -Thermal expansion coefficient mismatch - Repetitive bending of a signal trace during TC cycle - Solder mask damage Guideline for failure prevention - Increase of trace width - Don't make signal trace passing the die edge - Proper material selection with thick substrate core Root cause -Thermal expansion coefficient mismatch -Creep deformation of solder joint(shear/normal) -Material degradation Guideline for failure Prevention -Increase of solder ball size -Proper selection of the PCB/Substrate thickness -Optimal design of the ball array -Solder mask opening type : NSMD -In some case, LGA type is better

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2016

This paper presents the experimental result and theoretical analysis result to investigate the correlation between the operating force, angle and locking torque for vehicle hood frame. Also, we derived the experimental equation that using the results for experiment and theory. The hood frame is switching-devices used for opening and closing the vehicle hood. It needs the correlation data between locking torques of each joint, operating force and angle of hood frame. The correlation data for torque and reaction force of hood frame obtained through experiment and theory analysis. Finally, the experimental equation of the locking torque prediction for the hood frame is derived.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.64-70
• /
• 1998

Primary osteoarthritis of the ankle without history of trauma is rare. We are reporting the use of a low tibial osteotomy on 2 ankles in one patient. The osteotomy is designed to correct the varus tilt and anterior opening of the distal tibial joint surface where it has been shown by weight-bearing radiographs. Follow-up at 8 months the result showed to be excellent, by Takakura's scoring system. We experienced that slight overcorrection of deformity by low tibial osteotomy is effective in treating intermediate-stage primary osteoarthritis of the ankle.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제23권7호
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2006

One of challenging topics for humanoid hands is to modulate a human-like motion of humanoid fingers handling an object. To this end, recognizing the motion behavior of human fingers is very important aspect. Based on this concept, this paper identifies the .joint trajectories of human fingers for an operation of hand opening and closing, and specifies an empirical model that coordinates an inter-articular relationship of human fingers doing the given motion. It is expected that the inter-articular model presented in this paper is applicable for humanoid fingers to mimic the natural motion of human fingers.