• 공학교육연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2022

An educator may utilize various pedagogies such as hands-on practice, practicum, and project-based learning to enhance a student's competency. Among various pedagogies, project-based learning is one of the well-known pedagogies that may provide similar on-the-job experience. In general, an educator may divide the students into small groups and assign tasks to check students' cooperation skills and achievements during project-based learning. However, an educator may experience difficulties operating project-based learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the team activities are done in non-face-to-face meetings, and as a consequence, the educator may not find an underachieving team easily and cannot intervene appropriately. This study introduces a rigorous analysis method to evaluate team activities to analyze individual students' participation and contributions. First, this study develops evaluation rubrics by conducting questionnaires to professors and students to find an appropriate weight value for the evaluation scale. Then, this research introduces an analysis environment to evaluate students automatically. The analysis environment collects dialog data from social network services and measures interactions among students in a team. After measuring interactions, the environment generates a report to visualize the team activities. We applied the proposed method and environment to the capstone design course to show the effectiveness of the method and environment. Based on the case study, the environment showed that the analysis method could easily indicate the teams' activities and check the level of participation.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 우리나라 재해구호 자원봉사자의 활동 특성과 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴보고, 이를 바탕으로 지속적인 재해구호 자원봉사활동을 위한 효과적인 관리방안을 모색하는데 있다. 연구대상은 2002년 이후 최소 1회 이상 재해구호 자원봉사활동에 참여한 만 20세 이상의 자원봉사자이다. 2008년 5월 7일부터 5월 27일까지 전국재해구호협회와 자원봉사센터 등 총 4개의 기관에서 활동한 자원봉사자로부터 회수된 총 261부의 설문지를 분석에 사용하였다. 연구결과 재해구호 자원봉사활동의 지속성은 연령이 많을수록, 직업이 있는 사람일수록, 참여적극성이 높을수록, 배치 및 업무부여가 잘 될수록 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 기관에서는 시시각각 변하는 재해현장의 특성 상 배치 및 업무부여가 매우 중요하므로 개인의 특성과 욕구에 맞는 활동이 가능할 수 있도록 다양한 자원봉사 프로그램을 개발해야 하고 봉사자들이 수행한 업무를 긍정적으로 인식할 수 있도록 도와야 한다. 또한 자원봉사자 배치 시 연령, 직업과 같은 개인적 특성을 충분히 고려하여 배치하여야 하며, 봉사자들이 봉사활동에 적극적으로 몰입할 수 있도록 역할을 부여해 주어야 한다. 뿐만 아니라 직업을 가진 사람들이 지속적으로 자원봉사 활동에 참여할 수 있도록 재해구호 자원봉사활동에 대한 사회적 관심과 다양한 제도적인 지원이 필요하다.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2012

현행 VE 활동은 Job-Plan에서의 VE 대상 선정을 단순히 형식적인 절차로만 인식하고 있다. 따라서 준비단계 중 VE 대상 선정 과정에서 많은 문제점이 발생되고 있다. 문헌연구와 전문가면담을 통해 문제점을 분석해 본 결과 고비용 분야를 중심으로 대상을 선정하는 기존의 대상 선정 방법이 준비단계와 분석단계의 연계성 부족, 시간적 비용적 제약, VE 팀원들의 인식부족 등의 문제점이 파악되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 VE 대상 선정 단계의 문제점을 해결하고자 VE 대상 선정 방법의 개선안을 제안하였다. VE 대상 선정 방법 개선안은 기존의 고비용분야 대상 선정기법에 의해 선정되어진 1차 VE대상을 기준으로 Fish-Bone 다이어그램과 Worth를 적용함으로서 2차 VE 대상을 선정하는 것이다. 그리고 개선방법의 실효성 검증을 위해 실제 도로건설 VE 프로젝트에 적용하였다. 그 결과 개선방법이 기존 VE대상 선정방법과 비교해 상당히 효과적이라고 분석되었다. 따라서 개선방법은 VE 성과 증대에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.15-36
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• 1996

It is clear that the women's participation in social activity is dramatically increased in civilian field as well as military profession. Because of the characteristics of military nursing service, there are many difficulties. Frequent move, medical insurance, baby care. and the education are typical forms of difficulties for nurse officers in the military. The purpose of this research is to contribute to the perfect execution of nursing service. guarantee the active attitude for research and improve the combat strength by solving those private and economic problems. The method of research was analysis of question survey and the review of related literatures. The subject of research was 300 active nurse officers who work at the Army Hospitals. The survey was conducted 14 days from Oct 15 to Oct 28. The collected data was processed by computer using SPSS(Statistical Package of Social Science). Frequencies and percentages were used to examine the demographic characteristics of subject, and T-test was also used in the case of necessity. The result showed as follows; As the general characteristics of subject group; 28.7 years of average age, 73.6 months of service period, 63.4% of married. In regard of specialty; General 57.7%. Intensive Care 12.7% and Psychiatries 8.8%. The dissatisfactory factors about military welfare system were the difficulties in children education (36.9%). disadvantages on the civil medical insurance system (27.3%), and little chance of self education and development (21.5%). The problems in performing their duties were shown as dwelling instability due to frequent move (67.7%), and bring up children (14.2%). The reasons for resigning their job were shown as the instability of living status (64.2%), bring up children (18.8%) and dissatisfaction to the service (11.2%). The residential status was shown that military offered houses (45.2%), rental houses (29.3%) and own houses(14.64). The average numbers of moving residencies were; 3-4 time(34.6%), less than 2 times(33.1%), and 5-7 times(21.5%). Higher than 94.7% of the subject group spent more than 50.000 Won. In regard of education, they wanted to attend graduate school with their own expense(26.2%), computer science(20%) and Office Job Training(20%). The ways of taking care of children were mother-in-low(49.6%), mother(14.6%), and others(25%). The average expenditure per month for children were 20-30 hundred Won(44.2%), 10-20 hundred Won(25%) and 30-40 hundred Won(22.3%). The places of children care selected were public or occupational care center(56.2%), religious organization(20.8%), and other center managed by social organizations(10.4%). The result of survey for general welfare of nurse officers are as follows; By and large they seem to be satisfied with their job. however. there are some dissatisfactory factors. They are children care facilties, promotion. income. welfare facilities. disadvantage in medical insurance and civil hospitals. house purchase. unfair chances in specialty training. influence on promotion by educational status. and insufficient role for their children and husbands. As conclusion. the recommendations for improving nursing service are as follows; 1. Children care center managed by occupation 2. Dormitory system for children by military personnel 3. Equal opportunities in education according to ability 4. Reasonable moving price according to the distance and scope of family and extra allowance

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.51-63
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• 1997

Changes in disease patterns increase the importance of health-promoting lifestyles in a healthy society. Thus health education in elementary schools is very important because the knowledge of health and health habits in this period become a habitual part of life. The purpose of this study is to identify the performance in promoting healthy lifestyles of elementary school nurses. Such data helps to provide data to judge whether they are capable health educators or not. The subjects were 365 elementary school nurses selected by purposive sample. The data were collected by a self reporting questionnaire from August to October of 1996. The methods used in this study were the health-promoting lifestyle profile developed by Park In Sook (1995) and Licker's flour-point scale. A Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coffcient and stepwise multiple regression in the SAS package were used to analyze the data. The results of this study were as follows: 1. 37.7% of the sample were aged between 30 and 39 and 33.7% were between 40 and 49. 44.9% of the sample had attended college. 87.7% of the sample were married. 42.5% of the sample were people with a career of 11~20 years, and 26.0% of it had 21 years or more of working experience as an elementary school nurses. 2. The average scores of the family function and the social support were 2.97 and 2.98 respectively. 3. 86.5% of the sample were satisfied with their job. 4. 85.8% of the sample answered that they were healthy and 14.2% answered that they were unhealthy. The average scores of the internal health locus of control and self-esteem were 3.35 and 3.15 respectively. 5. The average score of performance in health-promoting lifestyle variables was 3.16; the average scores for harmonious relationships, regular diet professional health maintenance, sanitary life, self-control, emotional support, diet, rest and sleep, exercise and activity. self-achievement, and diet control were 3.47, 3.30, 2.52. 3.60, 2.92, 3.18, 3.14, 3.11, 2.96, 3.26 and 3.12. The variable with the highest degree of correlation was a sanitary life, whereas the one with the lowest degree was professional health maintenance. 6. A significant difference was found in self-esteem according to age. There was a significant difference in the average score of internal health locus of control according to age and career. 7. There were significant differences in the health-promoting lifestyle performance depending on age, career and monthly household income. The longer the career, the higher the health-promoting lifestyle performance. 8. A weak positive correlation was found between self-esteem and health-promoting lifestyles performance(r=0.417, p<0.001) Also, a weak positive correlation was found between the internal health locus of control and health-promoting lifestyles performance (r=0.386, p<0.001). 9. Heath-promoting lifestyle performance showed significant correlations with family function, social support and job satisfaction. 10. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor was the variance of family function. Social support, age, self-esteem, internal health locus of control, perceived heath status and job satisfaction accounted for 55.9% of the variance in heath-promoting lifestyle performance.

• 한국노년학
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.315-331
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 고령화의 심화로 생산적 노화 및 성공적 노화에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있음에 주목하여 노년기 취업이 우울에 미치는 종단적 영향과 그 성별 차이에 대하여 살펴보았다. 본 연구는 한국고령화연구패널조사(Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing: KLoSA)의 2차년도(2008년)와 3차년도(2010년) 자료를 활용하여 2차년도에 만 60세 이상이었던 노인을 대상으로 시차효과모델(lagged effect model)을 적용하여 사회인구학적 변수와 더불어 2차년도의 우울 수준을 통제한 후 2차년도의 취업이 3차년도의 우울 수준에 미치는 영향력, 그리고 2차와 3차년도의 지속적 취업이 3차년도의 우울 수준에 미치는 영향력을 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 전체 노인을 대상으로 한 분석에서는 2차년도 취업이 3차년도 우울에 종단적으로 영향을 미친다는 증거가 발견되지 않았다. 그러나 다집단분석(multi-group analyses)를 통해 취업 효과의 성차를 분석한 결과, 노년기 취업이 우울에 미치는 종단적 영향은 노인의 성별에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 남성 노인의 경우에는 2차년도 취업이 3차년도 우울을 낮추는 효과가 있었지만, 여성 노인의 경우에는 이러한 취업의 긍정적 효과가 발견되지 않았다. 둘째, 지속적 취업의 경우 전체 노인을 대상으로 한 분석에서 2차와 3차에 걸친 지속적 취업은 3차년도 우울과 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 대한 성차를 분석한 결과 2차와 3차의 지속적 취업은 남성 노인의 우울에만 바람직한 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났고, 여성 노인의 경우에는 지속적 취업과 우울 간의 유의미한 관계가 발견되지 않았다. 이는 임금노동에의 참여 기회 및 노동의 조건에 있어 노년기에도 지속되는 성별에 따른 사회적 불평등을 반영하는 결과라고 해석할 수 있다. 이러한 결과는 노년기 취업이 노인 자신에게 미치는 영향은 노인이 처한 사회적 맥락에 따라 차이가 있을 수 있음을 보여주는 것으로, 성공적 노화의 구성 요소를 규명하고자 하는 연구에서 개인적 특성에 대한 고려와 더불어 노인 개인이 처한 사회적 맥락에 대한 고려가 함께 이루어져야 함을 시사한다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2004

현재 인터넷상에 있는 대부분의 쇼핑몰들은 관리자의 주관에 따라 상품배열 및 제안을 획일적이며 포괄적으로 제시하기 때문에 모든 고객에게 만족을 주지 못한다. 쇼핑몰에서 고객의 구매성향은 세대별, 성별, 소득별, 직업별, 취미생활 등에 따라 그룹으로 구분하는 경우 서로 다르게 나타나며, 고객마다 관심분야와 실제 구매력도 다르다. 본 논문에서는 고객들의 동적인 활동을 통계적으로 분석하여 제품군에 따른 가중치와 고객을 계층으로 나누어 최적의 상품을 동적으로 구성할 수 있는 고객 지향 지능형 쇼핑몰 시스템의 개발에 관하여 기술하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.213-222
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• 1988

The purpose of this study was to investigate physical condition, physical fitness, sociodemographic factors, biochemical factors and personality factors of 5th grade students of elementary school. The number of students surveyed was 760 from each school of urban, middle and rural areas. All data analysis was done by BMI group which is based on previous study. 1) The children whose parents were on low education level and mother had a job had lower BMI values than others. Nine percent of male and 21% of female subjects skipped breakfast almost everyday. The 21.7% of all subjects regularly took nutritive pills, which had no difference in various BMI groups. 2) The physical condition of children had a high correlation with that of parents. 3) The physical fitness in BMI 5 groups was weaker than other groups, especially in male. 4) The contents of blood hemoglobin, cholesterol and glucose and hematocrit value were estimated. In female, the values of hemoglobin content and hematocrit had significant difference between BMI groups, but there are no trends. 5) The impulsiveness of male was the highest in BMI 1 group and the lowest in BMI 5 group among 5 groups. Besides, general activity, reflectivity and sociality in BMI 5 group had a low level. In female, personality factors except sociality didn't show any considerable difference.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2009

Objectifying claims filed during the warranty period, analyzing the current circumstances and improving on the problem in question is an activity worth doing that could reduce the likelihood of claims to occur, cut down on the costs, and enhance the corporate image of the manufacturer. Existing analyses of claims are confronted with two problems. First, you can't precisely assess the risks of claims involved by means of the value of claims per 100 products alone. Second, even in a normal state, the existing approach fails to capture the probabilistic conflicts that escape the upper control limit of claims, thus leading to wrong control activities. To solve the first problem, this paper proposed that a time series detection concept where the claim rate is monitored based on the date when problems are processed and a hazard function for expression of the claim rate be utilized. For the second problem, this paper designed a model whereby to define a normal state by making use of PID (Proportion, Integral, Differential) and infer by way of a fuzzy concept. This paper confirmed the validity and applicability of the proposed approach by applying methods suggested in the actual past data of warranty claims of a large-scaled automotive firm, unlike hypothetical simulation data, in order to apply them directly in industrial job sites, as well as making theoretical suggestions for analysis of claims.

• 농촌계획
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.97-110
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• 2009

The objective of this research was to develop a rural settlement demand model to analyze the determinants of settlement demand of urban residents. The point aimed at from model development was deriving stated preference of potential consumers towards rural settlement through setting a hypothetical market, and using settlement subsidy as a surrogate variable for price in the demand model. The adequate demand model deducted from hypothetical market data was derived from the basis of Hanemann's utility difference theory. In the rural settlement demand model, willingness to accept was expressed by a function of settlement subsidy. Data utilized in the analysis was collected from surveys of households nationwide. According to inferred results of the demand model, settlement subsidy had a significant influence on increasing demand for rural settlement. A significant common element was found among variables affecting demand increase through demand curve shift. The majority group of those with high rural settlement demand sought agricultural activity as their main motive, due to harsh urban environments aggravated by unstable job market conditions. Subsequently, restriction of income opportunities in rural areas does not produce an entrance barrier for potential rural settlers. Moreover, this argument could be supported by the common trend of those with high rural settlement demand generally tending to have low incomes. Due to such characteristics of concerned groups of rural settlement demand, they tended to react susceptibly to the subsidy provided by the government and local autonomous entities.