• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2002

올리고당을 첨가한 증편발효에서도 dextran이 형성되어 부피팽창에 역할을 하는지 검토하기 위하여 발효시간에 따른 증편의 비체적과 증편반죽의 발효시간에 따른 dextran과 환원당 함량변화를 측정하고 증편의 내부구조를 SEM을 통하여 살펴보았다. 1. 발효시간에 따른 증편의 비체적은 설탕첨가 증편과 프럭토올리고당, 갈락토올리고당 첨가 증편에서는 7~13시간에, 이소말토올리고당 증편은 7시간에 최대의 비체적을 나타내었다. 2. 증편반죽의 환원당 함량 변화는 설탕 첨가 증편은 초기에 급격히 증가하여 발효 4시간에 최대치를 나타내었고, 8시간 이후 급격히 감소하였다. 올리고당 첨가 증편반죽은 반죽 제조시부터 서서히 낮아졌으며 10시간 이후 급격히 감소하였고 최대값은 설탕증편과 비슷한 함량을 보였다. 3. 발효시간에 따른 증편반죽의 dextran 함량 변화는 시료간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 발효 3 시간부터 급증하여 7~13시간에 최대를 이루었다가 급격히 감소하였다. 4. 발효시간에 따른 증편의 내부구조에서 기공이 크고 균일성이 보인 시간은 설탕첨가 증편은 3~7시간, 프럭토올리고당과 이소말토올리고당 첨가증편은 7시간, 갈락토올리고당 첨가 증편은 7~13시간이었다. 따라서 올리고당 첨가시 최적 발효시간은 비체적, dextrange함량, 내부구조양상 등을 종합하였을 때 7시간이 공통적으로 최대를 이루는 시간을 나타내므로 7시간이 적합함을 알수 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 설탕 대신 증편에 올리고당을 첨가하여도 dextran이 생성됨을 알 수 있었고, 비체적도 설탕 첨가 증편과 비슷한 양상을 나타내어 dextran이 부피팽창에 큰 역할을 함을 확인할 수 있었다.일가지 연장되었다. 이상의 결과에서 황기, 국화, 구기자, 감초, 당귀, 대추, 작약, 천궁의 물과 에탄을 추출물 중에는 in vitro 항산화 실험 계에서 항산화 활성을 나타내는 생리활성 성분이 있는 것으로 나타났다.5-7-3-20 균주의 경우에는 proline의 영향을 받지 않았다. 이러한 결과로 Corynebacterium glutamicum 균주에 salt tolerance를 도입하면 L-lysine 생산성을 크게 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.ailable from the Rural Development Administration. The system was applied to the forecasting of national rice production for the recent 3 years (1997 to 1999). The model was run with the past weather data as of September 15 each year, which is about a month earlier than the actual harvest date. Simulated yields of 1,455 Myuns were grouped into 162 counties by acreage-weighted summation to enable the validation, since the official production statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry is on the county basis. Forecast yields were less sensitive to the changes

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.903-910
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• 2007

In order to make acquire a potential use for Opuntia humifusa as a natural functional food material, this study was performed to determine the quality properties of Jeung-pyun made with added Opuntia humifusa, or prickly pear powder. According to an analysis of its major components, we found that the prickly pear powder consisteds of nitrogen-free extracts (71.85%) and crude fiber (11.20%). Greater additions of prickly pear powder had resulted in significantly lower pH in the of Jeung-pyun. According to measurements on the degree of Jeung-pyun gelatinization, by means of ${\beta}$-amylase, greater additions of prickly pear powder led to the higher levels of isolated maltose, indicating that the gelatinization degree of the Jeung-pyun became higher. Also, samples with higher concentrations of prickly pear powder had a tendency toward lower water content, which allowed us to expect a longer storage duration for the Jeung-pyun. In the textural property tests the Jeung-pyun that had less hardness and greater adhesiveness (p<0.05) than the control group as the content of prickly pear powder became higher. Also, the Jeung-pyunhad lower gumminess and chewiness than the control group as the content of prickly pear powder became higher. Therefore, it is possible to prepare relatively soft Jeung-pyun using prickly pear powder. For the color differences of the Jeung-pyun samples, lower L- values, and higher a- and b -values (p<0.05) presented as the addition level of prickly pear powder became higher. According to SEM observations of the Jeung-pyun, the added prickly pear powder addition groups generally showed a smaller and more inconsistent pore size, but higher porosity, than the control group. According to sensory analyses of the Jeung-pyun, the P2 group scored highest for color item, and the P4 group generated the fermented scent. Higher additions content of prickly pear powder led to the lower score, but higher scores for adhesiveness. Finally, the P2 group achieved the highest score for overall taste.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.810-817
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• 2007

The quality properties of Jeung-pyun made with soybean protein isolate(SPI) were investigated. The SPI Jeung-pyun was manufactured using 3% whole protein, 7S protein or 11S protein(w/w). The redness values (a-values) of the Jeung-pyun were negative and the yellowness(b-value) of the control group was significantly lower compared to the other samples. The textural characteristics of the Jeung-pyun were influenced by the additions of SPI. The Jeung-pyuns containing soybean flour, whole protein, 7S and 11S protein had increases in springiness, but decreases in cohesiveness. In the sensory evaluation, overall desirability, sweetness, and moistness were highest in the whole protein group. The control group showed the highest scores for hardness and toughness, and the scores for after-taste and adhesiveness were the highest in the samples made with soybean flour. The 7S and 11S additions showed high scores in terms of color and springiness. In the analyses for consumer acceptance and sensory quality intensity, the whole protein addition had significantly higher scores for general acceptability and the Makgeolli flavor. Hardness was highest for the control group and the Makgeolli flavor was strongest with the soybean flour addition.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1736-1743
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• 2017

Sourdough is made by fermentation of dough by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast to improve bread properties like volume, flavor, and texture. A Korean traditional sourdough was made by fermenting rice flour with rice wine (makgeolli) and used to make sponge-like bread (jeung-pyun). The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial diversity of makgeolli products and their influence on the organoleptic quality of jeung-pyun. Three commercial makgeolli were tested for jeung-pyun production, with each product exhibiting varied dough swelling rates and organoleptic qualities, and among them, J-product was ranked highest in texture and taste. Microbial analysis of the three makgeolli also showed a big difference in their population and diversity. J-product had the highest LAB and yeast counts, and the predominant species were Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus brevis, Leuconostoc pseudomenteroides, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using J-product, sourdough was fermented at $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, and $35^{\circ}C$, and the microbial growth in and textural properties of jeung-pyun were examined by instrumental and sensory tests. At high temperature ($35^{\circ}C$), the rates of dough swelling and acidification were fast due to rapid microbial growth mainly caused by LAB, resulting in a short leavening time and soft and sour jeung-pyun. Sensory tests showed consumer preference for the soft and mild-sour jeung-pyun. This study shows that LAB in makgeolli play key roles in production of jeung-pyun, influencing the textural and sensory properties. For the production of high-quality jeung-pyun, development of LAB starters with high gas productivity and low acidity and establishment of an optimal fermentation procedure for rice dough are necessary.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.190-200
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• 2014

In this study, the antioxidant activity and quality characteristics of the Korean traditional food jeung-pyun made with ju-bak powder were investigated. Jeung-pyun added with 10% ju-bak powder had a total polyphenol content of 54.27%, DPPH free radical scavenging activity of 91.98%, reducing power of 0.51% and SOD-like antioxidant activity of 18.21%. Jeung-pyun added with ju-bak powder had a moisture content of 52.65 to 46.94%, crude fat content of 1.61 to 1.29%, crude protein content of 3.50 to 4.66%, crude ash content of 0.68 to 0.82% and dietary fiber content of 0.12 to 1.46%. Ju-bak powder added with jeung-pyun had a pH level from 4.86 to 4.39. As ju-bak content increased, the pH decreased significantly. Color L value were 78.82 to 68.67. As ju-bak content increased, the Color L value content decreased significantly; a value ranged from -1.89 to 0.69 and b value from 2.99 to 14.25. As ju-bak content increased, the color content significantly increased. As ju-bak content increased, the volume significantly decreased (ranged from 42.50 to 30.00 mL), hardness, gumminess and chewiness significantly increased, and cohesiveness significantly decreased. From SEM, as ju-bak content increased, the pores merged and collapsed, whereas the number of pores decreased and pore size became larger. Sensory evaluation of color, flavor, taste, texture, appearance, cell uniformity and overall acceptability for various levels of ju-bak powder showed that 10% had the highest acceptability. Therefore, 10% ju-bak power added with jeung-pyun has both high antioxidant capacity and sensory acceptability.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.399-405
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• 2005

생이스트 첨가량에 따라 증편의 기계적 품질특성을 0, 1, 2, 3 및 4일간 저장하면서 측정하였고 관능적 품질특성을 평가하였다. 증편의 높이와 부피는 생이스트 첨가율 $0.5\%$ 첨가가 가장 높아 발효가 잘 된 것으로 나타났다. 물리적 특성의 경우 견고성은 저장기간에 따라 증가하는 경향을 나타냈으며 이것은 수분함량의 감소와 전분의 노화에 기인한 것이다. 응집성과 탄력성은 저장기간에 따라 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 점착성과 씹힘성은 저장기간에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이는 생이스트를 첨가하여 제조한 증편은 점착성과 씹힘성이 낮게 나타나 생이스트 첨가가 증편의 품질을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 색도는 명도인 L값은 생이스트 첨가량이 높을수록 높게 나타났으며, 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 점차 감소하여 어두운색을 나타내었다. 적색도 a 값의 경우 저장기간에 따라 비슷한 경향을 나타내었으며, 황색도 b값은 3일 경과 후 증가하다가 그 후 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 관능적 품질 특성의 경우 증편의 높이와 부피 측정시 $0.5\%$가 가장 높게 나타난 것과 같이 관능검사에서도 생이스트 첨가율 $0.5\%$에서 가장 높은 관능적 평가를 얻었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.504-510
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• 2003

동충하초를 이용하여 증편의 영양성과 기호성을 개선하기 위하여 동충하초의 첨가량, 2차발효시간, 탁주량을 달리한 후 반응표면분석법으로 최적화하여 최적조건을 얻고자 하였다. 동충하초의 양과 발효시간을 증가시킬수록 b값과 2차 발효후 부피는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었고 동충하초양과 발효시간을 증가시킬수록 색은 더 짙어지는 경향을 나타내었으며 탁주는 30% 첨가했을 때 색이 가장 짙게 나타났다. 2차 발효후 PH의 변화는 발효시간을 증가시킬수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었고 3%이상 첨가한 처리구에서는 발효시간 증가에 따른 pH가 급격히 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. b값은 34이상, 색의 강도는 3점이상, 2차발효 후 부피는 40$m\ell$이상, 그리고 2차발효 후 pH는 4.02∼4.04을 제한조건으로 하는 증편의 최적제조 조건은 2차발효 시간을 중심점 45분으로 고정시켰을 때 동충하초의 함량은 3.7%∼4.0%, 탁주의 함량은 19∼22%였다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.766-772
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to find out the optimal mixing ratios of Mal-Cha for the preparation of Jeung-Pyun through sensory and mechanical tests. The proximate composition of Mal-Cha were $5.46\pm0.15\%$ of moisture, $4.43\pm0.11\%$ of total nitrogen, $7.52\pm0.21\%$ of crude lipid, $8.74\%$ of crude fiber, $8.51\pm0.09\%$ of ash. Overall quality of Jeung-Pyun with $1.5\%$ Mal-Cha was the worst compare with 0, 0.5 and $1.0\%$ ones(p<0.05). Especially, $1.0\%$ Mal-Cha Jeung-Pyun showed the best overall quality. But the sweetness, sourness, flavor, hardness, and moistnes were not significantly different among all the treatments. Acceptabilities of 0.5 and $1.0\%$ Mal-Cha Jeung-Pyuns were not significantly different from that of the control in their sensory and mechanical qualities. Total color difference increased with the amount of Mal-Cha significantly(p<0.001).

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.655-665
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• 1993

전통적 증편 제조법의 표준화를 위하여 증편에 첨가되는 동동주와 콩의 양 그리고 발효시간이 수준에 따라 증편 특성에 미치는 영향을 관능적 방법과 이화학적 방법을 사용하여 알아보았다. 또한 반응 표면 방법을 사용하여 이들 요인들의 초적 수준을 결정하였다. 증편 반죽의 standing height 비율에서 콩은 1, 2차 발효시 모두, 발효시간은 1차 발효시에만 그 수준이 높아짐에 따라 통계적으로 유의하게 그 값이 증가하였다. 증편반죽의 비용적은 1, 2차 발효시 모두 콩의 첨가량이 증가 할수록 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였고 쪄서 제조된 증편의 비용적은 동동주양과 콩량이 많아질수록 통계적으로 유의한 증가를 보였다. 증편의 팽창율은 동동주양과 콩량이 증가할수록 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이며 증가하였고 특히 콩에 의한 효과가 다른 용인보다 큰 것으로 나타났다. 증편반죽의 pH는 동동주 양이 적어지고 콩량이 증가될수록 통계적으로 유의하게 높아졌다. 증편의 환원당량은 동동주 양이 많아지고 발효시간이 길어질수록 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았지만 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 콩의 첨가량이 증가할수록 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 증편의 수분함량은 각 요인이나 수준차에 따라 유의적인 차이나 일정한 경향을 보이지 않았다. Rheometer에 의한 증편의 텍스처는 콩량이 많아질수록 경도, 탄력성, 응집성 등의 측정값이 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다. 관능검사결과로부터 반응 표면 방법을 이용하여 결정한 증편 제조시의 최적 수준은 쌀가루 100g당 동동주 30g, 콩 2g, 1차 발효시간 180분 이었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.749-760
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of quality and anti-oxidation of brown rice Jeung-pyun dough containing different amounts of acorn flour. The acorn flour added brown rice Jeung-pyun's specific volume increased at the second week of storage to 1.33~1.55mL/g, while the fourth week decreased to 1.57~1.64 mL/g. The pH of Jeung-pyun (5.19~5.36), in general, was higher than dough (5.14~5.22). The gelatinization was decreased to 1.69~2.24 range as storage period increased. Especially, the 9% acorn flour added group's gelatinization was delayed than other groups. The mechanical texture of hardness as the amount of acorn flour increased, while adhesiveness, cohesiveness and springiness reduced. The sensory evaluation results show that 9% acorn flour added group had generally high marks in appropriateness.