• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2018

In this paper, local ratcheting behavior of 1045 steel plates with circular cutout was investigated. Experimental tests were carried out by a Zwick/Roell HB 100 servo hydraulic machine. In order to measure the local strain at notch root, a data acquisition system with strain gauge was used. Various notch diameters and distances of strain gauges mounted from the notch root were found influential in the magnitude of local ratcheting strain. It was found that the local maximum principal stress plays a crucial role in increasing the local plastic deformation. Numerical simulation was done by ABAQUS software using nonlinear isotropic/kinematic hardening model. Material parameters of hardening model were attained from several stabilized cycles of flat specimens subjected to symmetric strain cycles. The nonlinear kinematic hardening model along with the Neuber's rule was employed to assess local ratcheting at the notch root of steel plates. The results of the numerical simulations agreed closely with those measured values in this study. Both ratcheting progress and mean stress relaxation occurred simultaneously at the notch root.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.555-559
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• 2003

Recently, in accordance with the commercialization of novel radio frequency utilization technologies, the radiated power must be rigorously limited for the purpose of protection of wireless facilities against frequency jamming or interference and for maintaining the quality of communication service. At present, the output power is measured from the conducted power for the domestic measurement criterion but is not a real radiated power and inaccurate. So, it is peformed to survey the more precisely accurate measurement scheme and analyze its criterion and methodology in comparison with foreign one. As a result of surveying and analyzing, it is concluded that the U.S. and E.U. is actually using the measurement method in consideration of terms of the Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power(EIRP) and Effective Radiated power(ERP). In case of the frequency below 1 GHz, the half wave-length dipole antenna is used to measure the ERP and above 1 GHz the horn antenna as a reference antenna is used to measure the EIRP. Therefore, for the domestic purpose it is also necessary to take EIRP and ERP into consideration as a measurement criterion in order to make an accurate measurement and regulation.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 2005

TRISO (Tri-Isotropic)-coated fuel particle is widely applied due to its higher stability at high temperature and its efficient retention capability for fission products in the HTGR (high temperature gas-cooled reactor), one of the highly efficient Generation IV reactors. The typical ball-type TRISO-coated fuel particle with a diameter of about 1 mm is composed of a nuclear fuel particle as a kernel and of outer coating layers. The coating layers consist of a buffer PyC, inner PyC, SiC, and outer PyC layer. In this study, a digital image processing algorithm is proposed to automatically measure the thickness of the coating layers. An FBP (filtered backprojection) algorithm was applied to reconstruct the CT image using virtual X-ray radiographic images for a simulated TRISO-coated fuel particle. The automatic measurement algorithm was developed to measure the coating thickness for the reconstructed image with noises. The boundary lines were automatically detected, then the coating thickness was circularly by the algorithm. The simulation result showed that the measurement error rate was less than 1.4%.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 1995

In this paper damage propagation of a material during forming is investigated with the concept of continuum damage mechanics. An isotropic damage model based on the theory of materials of type N is adopted to describe the damage process of a ductile material with large elasto-viscoplastic deformation. The stiffness degradation of the loaded material is chosen as a damage measure. The highly nonlinear equilibrium equations are reduced to the incremental weak form and approximated by the total Lagrangian finite element method. To simulate contact condition, extended interior penalty method with modified coulomb friction law is adopted. The displacement control method along with the modified Riks' continuation technique is used to solve the incremental iterative equations. As numerical examples, upsetting problem and backward extrusion problem are simulated and the results of damage propagation and $J_2$ stress contours with and without friction are presented.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.293-304
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• 1999

Refinements of classical theories for entangled or crosslinked polymeric systems have led to incommensurable models for rubber networks and polymer melts, contrary to experimental evidence, which suggests a great deal of similarity. Uniaxial elongation and compression data of linear and branched polymer melts as well as of crosslinked rubbers were analyzed with respect to their nonlinear strain measure. This was found to be the result of two contributions: (1) affine orientation of network strands, and (2) isotropic strand extension. Network strand extension is caused by an increasing restriction of lateral movement of polymer chains due to deformation, and is modelled by a molecular stress function which in the tube concept of Doi and Edwards is the inverse of the relative tube diameter. Up to moderate strains, $f^2$ is found to be linear in the average stretch for melts as well as for rubbers, which corresponds to a constant tube volume. At large strains, rubbers show maximum extensibility, while melts show maximum molecular tension. This maximum value of the molecular stress function governs the ultimate magnitude of the strain-hardening effect of linear and long-chain branched polymer melts in extensional flows.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.775-784
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• 1997

A unified theory is presented for the shape analysis of curved surface with a single layer structure composed by frame, membrane or shell. The shapes produced by the theory have no shear stress in elements, and the stress states in the whole shape are as uniform as possible under an ordinary load. The theory starts from defining an element potential function expressed by the measurement of the element length or the element area. Therefore, the shape analysis can produce various forms according to the definition of the potential function, and each of those form or the cable net form with the potential function of the second power of element length is simply gotten by the linear analysis. The form in tensile stress is mechanically equal to an isotropic tension form.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1155-1164
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• 2011

In this paper, we proposed the transmit beam measurement method of active phased array antenna, which is installed in Korea's first developed naval medium range radar, using near-field measurement facility. The pulse-mode high power characteristics of active phased array antenna's trasmit-beam make it difficult to measure with general near-field measurement facilities where low power continuous RF signals are used. Thus, in this paper, the measurement method of active phased array antenna's transmit beam in conjunction with the near-field measurement facility, which is suitable for the high-power transmit beam measurement, and PNA-X network analyzer(Agilent Technologies), which can support pulse-mode measurement, was proposed and measured by near-field measurement techniques. And the EIRP(Effective Isotropic Radiated Power), the transmit characteristic of active phased array antenna, was measured by the near field measurement techniques and compared to numerical estimation which was nearly equal with small difference of 0.1 dB.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.843-848
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• 1998

The Usages of composite materials have been steadily on the rise in the industries of automobiles, air crafts, shipbuilding and other structures for transportations. Commonly required in those industries are light weight and high strength of the structures. Consequently, serious efforts in research have been focused on searching for light materials and on developments and characterizations of advanced substitutes including various kinds of composite materials. In this investigation, transversely isotropic composite materials are chosen and formed into two kinds of beams; Euler-Bernoulli beam(thin team) and Timoshenko beam(thick beam) for determinations of elastic constants. As an experimental technique Impulse Excitation Method is utilized to measure resonance frequencies of the beams of the composite materials in vibration tests. Elastic constants are evaluated from measured resonance frequencies for the two types of beams to observe and establish possible existence of effects of rotary inertia and shear deformations.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.17-27
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• 2015

We perform a series of experimental tests to evaluate whether the shear strength of clean sands can be reliably predicted from shear wave velocity. Isotropic drained triaxial tests on clean sands reconstituted at different relative densities are performed to measure the shear strength and bender elements are used to measure the shear wave velocity. Laboratory tests reveal that a correlation between shear wave velocity, void ratio, and confining pressure can be made. The correlation can be used to determine the void ratio from measured shear wave velocity, from which the shear strength is predicted. We also show that a unique relationship exists between maximum shear modulus and effective axial stress at failure. The accuracy of the equation can be enhanced by including the normalized confining pressure in the equation. Comparisons between measured and predicted effective friction angle demonstrate that the proposed equation can accurately predict the internal friction angle of granular soils, accounting for the effect of the relative density, from shear wave velocity.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.689-697
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• 2007

This thesis suggests ways on how to enhance handset radiation power under head phantom condition. Generally, peak EIRP(Effective Isotropic Radiated Power) is used to measure the radiation performance. TRP is more effective to represent indication of mobile radiation performance in the field than EIRP. In this case, we measure the TRP as an index of radiation power. The factors which effect TRP are antenna length, antenna position, folder angle and ground connection method. More detailed analysis is performed over these items. Significant item is ground connection method between main PCB and folder GND. Using the FPCB we connect main GND to folder GND through the hinge near the antenna. The result is that TRP attenuation is decreased about 5 dB under head phantom condition.