• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1439-1461
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• 2015

Design criteria, modeling rules, and analysis principles of seismic isolation systems have already found place in important building codes and standards such as the Uniform Building Code and ASCE/SEI 7-05. Although real behaviors of isolation systems composed of high damping or lead rubber bearings are nonlinear, equivalent linear models can be obtained using effective stiffness and damping which makes use of linear seismic analysis methods for seismic-isolated buildings possible. However, equivalent linear modeling and analysis may lead to errors in seismic response terms of multi-story buildings and thus need to be assessed comprehensively. This study investigates the accuracy of equivalent linear modeling via numerical experiments conducted on generic five-story three dimensional seismic-isolated buildings. A wide range of nonlinear isolation systems with different characteristics and their equivalent linear counterparts are subjected to historical earthquakes and isolation system displacements, top floor accelerations, story drifts, base shears, and torsional base moments are compared. Relations between the accuracy of the estimates of peak structural responses from equivalent linear models and typical characteristics of nonlinear isolation systems including effective period, rigid-body mode period, effective viscous damping ratio, and post-yield to pre-yield stiffness ratio are established. Influence of biaxial interaction and plan eccentricity are also examined.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.73 no.4
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• pp.447-454
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• 2020

Seismic isolation technology has a wide application to protect bridges from earthquake damage, a new designed bridge pier with seismic isolation are provided for railways in seismic regions of China. The pier with rocking isolation is a self-centering system under small and moderate earthquakes, and the unbonded prestressed tendons are used to prevent overturning under strong earthquakes. A numerical model based on pseudo-static testing results is presented to evaluate the seismic performance of isolation bridge piers, and is validated by the shaking table test. It is found that the rocking response and the loss of prestressing for the bridge pier increase with the increase of earthquake intensity. Besides, the intensity and spectral characteristics of input ground motion have great influence on displacement of the top and bottom of the bridge pier, while have less influence on the bending moment of the pier bottom. Experimental and numerical results show that the rocking-isolated piers presented in this study have good seismic performance, and it provides an alternative way for the railway bridge in the regions with high occurrence of earthquakes. Therefore, we provide the detailed procedures for seismic design of the rocking-isolated bridge pier, and a case study of the seismic isolation design with rocking piers is carried out to popularize the seismic isolation methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.1047-1048
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• 2009

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.69-78
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• 2007

In this study, for the evaluation of seismic safety of the isolated Emergency Diesel Generator (EDG) System more quantitatively, the seismic fragility analysis method were proposed. Using the proposed method, seismic fragility analysis performed and a seismic risk of EDG system was present. The fragility analysis performed not for an existing EDG system but also for an isolated EDG system which increases the seismic capacity. At first, numerical models for existing and isolated EDG system were constructed and seismic response analysis performed according to input seismic waves and peak ground accelerations. An uncertainty factors and failure modes of both fixed and isolated EDG system were assumed for fragility analysis. The HCLPF values were evaluated for the compare the improvement effect using the isolation system. As a result, the isolation system can make better the seismic fragility of EDG system, but the failure of isolation system was govern the behavior of whole system.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.45-54
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• 2018

The seismically isolated nuclear power plants shall be designed for design basis earthquake (DBE) and considered to ensure safety against beyond design basis earthquake (BDBE). In order to limit the excessive displacement of the seismic isolation system of the seismically isolated structure, the moat is installed at a certain distance from the upper mat supporting the superstructure. This certain distance is called clearance to stop (CS) and is calculated from the 90th percentile displacement of seismic isolation system subjected to BDBE. For design purposes, the CS can be obtained simply by multiplying the median displacement of the seismic isolation system against DBE by scale factor with a value of 3. The DBE and BDBE used in this study were generated by using 30 sets of artificial earthquakes corresponding to the nuclear standard design spectrum. In addition, latin hyper cube sampling was applied to generate 30 sets of artificial earthquakes corresponding to maximum - minimum spectra. For the DBE, the median displacement and the 99th percentile displacement of the seismic isolation system were calculated. For the BDBE, the suitability of the scale factor was assessed after calculating the 90th percentile displacement of the seismic isolation system.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.227-248
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• 2015

A CFPBS (Cone-type Friction Pendulum Bearing System) was developed to control the acceleration delivered to a structure to prevent the damage and degradation of critical communication equipment during earthquakes. This study evaluated the isolation performance of the CFPBS by numerical analysis. The CFPBS was manufactured in the shape of a cone differenced with the existing FPS (Friction Pendulum System), and a pattern was engraved on the friction surface. The natural frequencies of the CFPBS were evaluated from a free-vibration test with a seismic isolator system consisting of 4 CFPBS. To confirm the earthquake-resistant performance, a numerical analysis program was prepared using the equation of the CFPBS induced from the equations of motion. The equation reported by Tsai for the rolling-type seismic isolation bearings was proposed to design the equation of the CFPBS. Artificial seismic waves that satisfy the maximum earthquake scale of the Korean Building Code-Structural (KBC-2005) were created and verified to review the earthquake-resistant performance of the CFPBS by numerical analysis. The superstructural mass of the CFPBS and the skew angle of friction surface were considered for numerical analysis with El Centro NS, Kobe NS and artificial seismic waves. The CFPBS isolation performance evaluation was based on the numerical analysis results, and comparative analysis was performed between the results from numerical analysis and simplified theoretical equation under the same conditions. The validity of numerical analysis was verified from the shaking table test.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.5A
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• pp.685-690
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• 2008

Recently, as large structures become lighter and more flexible, the necessity of structural control for reducing excessive displacement and acceleration due to seismic excitation is increased. As a means to minimize seismic damages, various base isolation systems are adopted or considered for adoption. In this study, a base isolation system using hysteretic damper is shown to effectively protect structures against earthquakes. A mechanical model is determined that can effectively portray the behavior of a typical E-shape device. Comparison with experimental results for a hysteretic damper indicates that the model is accurate over a wide range of operating conditions and adequate for analysis. The seismic performance of hysteretic dampers are studied and compared with the conventional systems as a base isolation system. A five-story building is modeled and the seismic performance of the systems subjected to three different earthquake is compared. The results show that the hysteretic damper system can provide superior protection than the other systems for a wide range of ground motions.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.133-144
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• 2018

To study the effectiveness of sliding isolation in a CRLSS (concrete rectangular liquid-storage structure) and develop a reasonable limiting-device method, dynamic responses of non-isolation, sliding isolation with spring limiting-devices and sliding isolation with steel bar limiting-devices are comparatively studied by shaking table test. The seismic response reduction advantage of sliding isolation for concrete liquid-storage structures is discussed, and the effect of the limiting-device type on system dynamic responses is analyzed. The results show that the dynamic responses of sliding isolation CRLSS with steel bar-limiting devices are significantly smaller than that of sliding isolation CRLSS with spring-limiting devices. The structure acceleration and liquid sloshing wave height are greatly influenced by spring-limiting devices. The acceleration of the structure in this case is close to or greater than that of a non-isolated structure. Liquid sloshing shows stronger nonlinear characteristics. On the other hand, sliding isolation with steel bar-limiting devices has a good control effect on the structural dynamic response and the liquid sloshing height simultaneously. Thus, a limiting device is an important factor affecting the seismic response reduction effect of sliding isolation. To take full advantage of sliding isolation in a concrete liquid-storage structure, a reasonable design of the limiting device is particularly important.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.141-150
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• 2014

A methodology to evaluate the seismic performance of interface piping systems that cross the isolation interface in the seismically isolated nuclear power plant (NPP) was developed. The developed methodology was applied to the safety-related interface piping system to demonstrate the seismic performance of the target piping system. Not only the seismic performance for the design level earthquakes but also the performance for the beyond design level earthquakes were evaluated. Two artificial seismic ground input motions which were matched to the design response spectra and two historical earthquake ground motions were used for the seismic analysis of piping system. The preliminary performance evaluation results show that the excessive relative displacements can occur in the seismically isolated piping system. If the input ground motion contained relatively high energy in the low frequency region, we could find that the stress response of the piping system exceed the allowable stress level even though the intensity of the input ground motion is equal to the design level earthquake. The structural responses and seismic performances of piping system were varied sensitively with respect to the intensities and frequency contents of input ground motions. Therefore, for the application of isolation system to NPPs and the verification of the safety of piping system, the seismic performance of the piping system subjected to the earthquake at the target NPP site should be evaluated firstly.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.988-995
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• 2014

Two axis gimbal type X-band antenna system has been widely used to effectively transmit the real time image data from the observation satellite to the ground station. The micro-vibration generated by stepping motor actuation and imperfect intermeshed gear configuration of the antenna is one of the sources to degrade the image quality. To guarantee a high quality image of high resolution observation satellite, micro-vibration isolation of X-band antenna is required. In this paper, the X-band antenna vibration isolation system using pseudoelastic SMA(Shape Memory Alloy) mesh washer has been newly suggested. The basic characteristics of the SMA mesh washer isolator proposed in this study has been measured through static load tests and its effectiveness has been demonstrated by the micro-vibration isolation test of the X-band antenna.