• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2012

Luminescent lanthanide complexes have been overviewed for advanced photonics applications. Lanthanide(III) ions ($Ln^{3+}$) were encapsulated by the luminescent ligands such as metalloporphyrins, naphthalenes, anthracene, push-pull diketone derivatives and boron dipyrromethene(bodipy). The energy levels of the luminescent ligands were tailored to maintain the effective energy transfer process from luminescent ligands to $Ln^{3+}$ ions for getting a higher optical amplification gain. Also, key parameters for emission enhancement and efficient energy transfer pathways for the sensitization of $Ln^{3+}$ ions by luminescent ligands were investigated. Furthermore, to enhance the optophysical properties of novel luminescent $Ln^{3+}$ complexes, aryl ether-functionalized dendrons as photon antennas have been incorporated into luminescent $Ln^{3+}$ complexes, yielding novel $Ln^{3+}$-cored dendrimer complex such as metalloporphyrins, naphthalenes, and anthracenes bearing the Fr$\acute{e}$chet aryl-ether dendrons, namely, ($Er^{3+}-[Gn-Pt-Por]_3$ (terpy), $Er^{3+}-[Gn-Naph]_3$(terpy) and $Er^{3+}-[Gn-An]_3$(terpy)). These complexs showed much stronger near-IR emission bands at 1530 nm, originated from the 4f-4f electronic transition of the first excited state ($^4I_{13/2}$) to the ground state ($^4I_{15/2}$) of the partially filled 4f shell. A significant decrease in the fluorescence of metalloporphyrins, naphthalenes and anthracene ligand were accompanied by a strong increase in the near IR emission of the $Ln^{3+}$ ions. The near IR emission intensities of $Ln^{3+}$ ions in the lanthanide(III)-encapsulated dendrimer complexes were dramatically enhanced with increasing the generation number (n) of dendrons, due to the site-isolation and the light-harvesting(LH) effects. Furthermore, it was first attempted to distinguish between the site-isolation and the light-harvesting effects in the present complexes. In this review, synthesis and photophysical studies of inert and stable luminescent $Ln^{3+}$ complexes will be dealt for the advanced photonics applications. Also, the review will include the exploratory investigation of the key parameters for emission enhancement and the effective energy transfer pathways from luminescent ligands to $Ln^{3+}$ ions with $Ln^{3+}$-chelated prototype complexes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제18권10호
• /
• pp.1735-1740
• /
• 2008

Clone PERV-C (A3) env was isolated from the genomic DNA of domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) in Korea to investigate the molecular properties of PERV-C. The nucleic acid homologies between the PERV-MSL (type C) reference and the PERV-C(A3) clone was 99% for env, but a single base pair deletion was found in the transmembrane (TM) region of the env open reading frame. To examine the functional characteristics of truncated PERV-C env, we constructed a replication-incompetent retroviral vector by replacing the env gene of the pCL-Eco retrovirus vector with PERV-C env. A retroviral vector bearing PERV-C/A chimeric envelopes was also created to complement the TM defect. Our results indicated that truncated PERV-C env was not infectious in human cells as expected. Interestingly, however, the vector with the PERV-C/A envelope was able to infect 293 cells. This observation suggests that recombination within PERV-C TM could render PERV-C infectious in humans. To further characterize PERV-C/A envelopes, we constructed an infectious molecular clone by using a PCR-based technique. This infectious molecular clone will be useful to examine more specific regions that are critical for human cell tropism.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.169-188
• /
• 2015

This study presents the effects of the spatial variation of ground motions in a hard rock site on the seismic responses of a base-isolated nuclear power plant (BI-NPP). Three structural models were studied for the BI-NPP supported by different number of lead rubber bearing (LRB) base isolators with different base mat dimensions. The seismic responses of the BI-NPP were analyzed and investigated under the uniform and spatial varying excitation of El Centro ground motion. In addition, the rotational degrees of freedom (DOFs) of the base mat nodes were taken to consider the flexural behavior of the base mat on the seismic responses under both uniform and spatial varying excitation. Finally, the seismic response results for all the analysis cases of the BI-NPP were investigated in terms of the vibration periods and mode shapes, lateral displacements, and base shear forces. The analysis results indicate that: (1) considering the flexural behavior of the base mat has a negligible effect on the lateral displacements of base isolators regardless of the number of the isolators or the type of excitation used; (2) considering the spatial variation of ground motions has a substantial influence on the lateral displacements of base isolators and the NPP stick model; (3) the ground motion spatial variation effect is more prominent on lateral displacements than base shear forces, particularly with increasing numbers of base isolators and neglecting flexural behavior of the base mat.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
• /
• pp.117-120
• /
• 2008

교량받침은 활하중, 크리프, 온도변화, 건조수축 등에 의한 상부구조의 변위를 흡수하는 역할을 수행한다. 국내 탄성받침 설계기준인 KS F 4420은 전단변형을 탄성받침 총 고무 높이의 70% 이내로 제한하고 있는데, KS F 4420에 의해 설계된 탄성받침이 요구되는 전단성능을 발휘하기 위해서는 허용 전단변형률이 전단파괴에 대하여 충분한 안전성을 보유해야 한다. 더욱이 탄성받침이 지진격리장치와 함께 내진설계에 사용될 수 있는 상황을 고려할 경우, 탄성받침은 KS F 4420의 허용전단변형률보다 높은 수준의 전단성능을 확보해야 한다. 이 논문에서는 국내 탄성받침의 전단성능을 확인하기 위하여 극한전단실험을 실시하였다. 실험 결과 탄성받침은 200% 이상의 전단변형률에서 파괴가 발생하여 KSF 4420의 허용전단변형률 규정이 안전 측이라는 사실을 알 수 있었다. 하지만 일체화된 거동을 할 것이라 기대 되었던 탄성받침이 200% 전단변형률 내외에서 받침 분리현상을 보였다. 관측된 받침분리 현상은 탄성받침의 내진설계 적용성을 고려할 경우 교량 시스템에 예기치 못한 충격 또는 집중 응력을 발생 시킬 수 있기 때문에 이러한 현상이 방지될 수 있도록 관련 규정이 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.71-87
• /
• 2020

Objectives Even though the various alternative herbal medicine has applied for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, its scientific proof remains uncertain. The aim of the present study evaluates the effects of Chulbu-tang on inflammatory responses in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis rat model. Methods OA rat model was established by MIA injection in intra-joint of rats. 7 days after, OA rats except OA control rats were administrated Chulbu-tang (100 or 200 mg/kg) or Indomathacin (5 mg/kg) once a day for 14 days. The weight-bearing ability of hind paws were measured when group isolation 0, 7, and 14 days. Western blotting was performed to examine the knockdown/overexpressing efficiency of Chulbu-tang. In addition, cartilage destruction was measured histologically. Results Chulbu-tang treatment significantly reduced the protein expressions of inflammatory mediators such as inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase 2, and inhibited inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 through nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inactivation. Moreover, anti-oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase-1/2 through nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway significantly increased. Our findings indicate that Chulbu-tang has the potential therapeutic effect on OA through inhibiting the inflammatory responses via inactivating NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, upregulation of Nrf2 led to anti-oxidant effects. Conclusions Taken together, Chulbu-tang is believed to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, and cartilage protection for arthritis-causing rats.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제59권3호
• /
• pp.387-401
• /
• 2016

This paper takes a half-through steel truss arch bridge as an example. A seismic analysis is conducted with nonlinear finite element method. Contrast models are established to discuss the effect of simplified method for main girder on the accuracy of the result. The influence of seismic wave direction and wave-passage on seismic behaviors are analysed as well as the superstructure and arch ring interaction which is mostly related with the supported bearings and wind resistant springs. In the end, the application of cable-sliding aseismic devices is discussed to put forward a layout principle. The main conclusions include: (1) The seismic response isn't too distinctive with the simplified method of main girder. Generally speaking, the grillage method is recommended. (2) Under seismic input from different directions, arch foot is usually the mostly dangerous section. (3) Vertical wave input and horizontal wave-passage greatly influence the seismic responses of arch ring, significantly increasing that of midspan. (4) The superstructure interaction has an obvious impact on the seismic performance. Half-through arch bridges with long spandrel columns fixed has a less response than those with short ones fixed. And a large stiffness of wind resistant spring makes the the seismic responses of arch ring larger. (5) A good isolation effectiveness for half-through arch bridge can be achieved by a reasonable arrangement of CSFABs.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제1권4호
• /
• pp.45-58
• /
• 1997

본 연구에서는 다양한 입력지진에 대해서 기초격리된 구조물의 내진성능 평가를 위해서 진동대실험과 유사동적실험을 수행하였다. 본 논문의 목적은 다음과 같다. 하나는 진동대실험을 통하여 강한 지진의 발생시 저층의 구조물에 대한 기초격리시스템의 내진성능을 평가하는 것이고 다음으로는 진동대실험결과와 비교하여 기초격리시스템에 대한 유사동적실험기법의 적용성 및 신뢰성을 증명하는 것이다. 진동대실험은 적층고무받침을 이용하여 기초격리된 1/4 축소모형의 3층 철골구조물의 대상으로 하였다. 유사동적실험에서는 부분구조기법을 사용하여 단지 기초격리시스템만을 대상으로 실험되며 전체구조물의 지진응답은 컴퓨터 내에서 직접적분을 이용하여 계산된다. 진동대실험결과와 비교할 때 부분구조기법을 사용한 유사동적실험은 기초격리된 구조물의 동적응답 평가에 매우 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 대부분의 하중하에서 기초격리장치가 사용된 구조물의 경우에는 지진응답이 현저히 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었으나, 장주기파의 성분이 강한 지반운동에 대해서는 감소의 폭이 크지 않았다. 그러나 여러 지반조건에 대하여 UBC 시방서에서 규정한 설계하중에 대하여는 진동감소효과가 우수함을 보인다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.149-157
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the significant duration of ground motions on responses of base-isolated nuclear power plants (NPPs). Two sets of ground motion records with short duration (SD) and long duration (LD) motions, scaled to match the target response spectrum, are used to perform time-history analyses. The reactor containment building in the Advanced Power Reactor 1400 (APR1400) NPP is numerically modeled using lumped-mass stick elements in SAP2000. Seismic responses of the base-isolated NPP are monitored in forms of lateral displacements, shear forces, floor response spectra of the containment building, and hysteretic energy of the lead rubber bearing (LRB). Fragility curves for different limit states, which are defined based on the shear deformation of the base isolator, are developed. The numerical results reveal that the average seismic responses of base-isolated NPP under SD and LD motion sets were shown to be mostly identical. For PGA larger than 0.4g, the mean deformation of LRB for LD motions was bigger than that for SD ones due to a higher hysteretic energy of LRB produced in LD shakings. Under LD motions, median parameters of fragility functions for three limit states were reduced by 12% to 15% compared to that due to SD motions. This clearly indicates that it is important to select ground motions with both SD and LD proportionally in the seismic evaluation of NPP structures.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제26권5A호
• /
• pp.881-885
• /
• 2006

사장교 케이블은 구조적으로 휨강성과 감쇠력이 작아 풍우에 의해 쉽게 유해진동이 발생한다. 이러한 풍우진동을 저감시키기 위한 효과적인 방법으로 부가댐퍼를 장착하여 케이블의 감쇠력을 증가시키는 제어시스템이 널리 사용되어왔다. 그러나 사장교의 장대화로 인해 구조적으로나 미적으로 충분한 감쇠력을 제공할 수 있는 위치에 부가댐퍼를 장착하기 어렵게 되었다. 그러므로 본 논문은 사장교의 미관을 해치지 않으면서 기존의 제어시스템보다 효과적으로 케이블의 진동을 저감시킬 수 있는 새로운 개념의 제어시스템을 제안하였다. 제안된 시스템은 케이블 앵커리지에 적층고무베어링과 같은 유동이 가능한 장치와 내부댐퍼로 구성되었으며, 제어성능평가를 위해 해석모델을 개발하였다. 제안된 시스템의 제어성능 분석을 위해 수치해석을 수행하였으며 기존의 부가 댐퍼시스템과 진동 저감효과를 비교하였다. 제안된 제어시스템은 기존의 부가댐퍼 시스템 보다 효과적으로 진동을 저감시킬 수 있었으며 사장교 케이블의 풍우진동 저감을 위해 효과적인 시스템으로 사료된다.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제21권10호
• /
• pp.1370-1376
• /
• 2011

고세균 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius의 기능유전체학 연구를 위하여 피리미딘 생합성 유전자군의 pyrEF 유전자에 근거한 피리미딘 영양요구주를 구축하였다. 원균주는 정상적인 pyrEF 존재하에서 5-fluoroorotic acid를 첨가하면 성장이 불가능하나 피리미딘 영양요구주는 성장이 가능한 원리를 활용하였다. 자외선을 이용하여 얻어진 5-FOA 첨가에 저항성을 갖는 돌연변이주를 얻었으며, 두 돌연변이주 KH1U와 KH2U는 각각 pyrE 유전자 부분의 점돌연변이와 삽입돌연변이를 갖는 돌연변이주임을 알 수 있었다. 이 두 돌연변이 균주는 5-FOA의 첨가에 의하여 이 세포를 사멸시킬 수 있는 능력이 사라짐을 확인하였다. 정상적인 pyrEF 유전자를 갖는 Sulfolobus-E. coli 플라스미드를 이용하여 보완실험을 수행한 결과 KH2U 돌연변이주는 다시 5-FOA에 대한 저항성을 잃어버렸으며, 배지내에 피리미딘의 첨가가 없어도 생존할 수 있는 능력을 보여주는 원균주와 같은 표현형으로 회귀함을 확인하였다. 이 연구는 차후 고세균 Sulfolobus acidocaldarius의 유전자 불활성화를 통한 유전학연구에 효율적인 도구로 사용되기에 유용한 연구로 생각된다.