• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2019

Dramatic increase of population migrating from suburban area to metropolitan area which started in 1990s resulted in the increase of aging population among this area. Centralized population also causes decreased number of students in suburban areas which in turn affects environmental facilities such as school and brings social issue. Additionally, compared to the alternative analysis and data regarding internal spatial arrangement of high school, there are not enough data or information on external spatial arrangement and how to construct such space. Therefore, the main purpose of this thesis is to provide fundamental data which can be used as a reference in improving educational environment of suburban high school by analyzing and investigating various factors including location, accessibility, facility status, and external spatial arrangement based on arrangement type of 8 normal high schools located across Jeju Island where the trend of decreasing number of students is prominent. Following is the result of such investigation. Despite the fact that high schools from suburban areas in Jeju Island possess diversity based on local characteristic, construction of external space is rather inconsistent as the plans regarding external space is not organized. Therefore, there is a need for preparing external spaces appropriate for each school based on the number of students and the characteristic of gymnasium.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.29-43
• /
• 2021

This study analyzed the status of climate-change indicator plants native to the main islands of the Korean peninsula, while elucidating their distribution characteristics. Information on flora from over 129 island locations, comprising more than 100 species of native plants, was collected, compiled into a database, and utilized as raw data. The distribution of 193 climate-change indicator plants was confirmed. The distribution area of broadleaf evergreen trees and ferns, including Mallotus japonicus and Cyrtomium falcatum, was relatively wide. In contrast, the distribution of common northern plants such as Corydalis turtschaninovii and Malus baccata was limited. If global warming persists, northern plant distribution is expected to decrease rapidly in the Korean Peninsula island region, while the northern limit line of the southern plants is expected to migrate further northward. During this process, it is likely that the plant congregation structure and species diversity within the island region will change dynamically. In this study, comparative analyses between species and regions were conducted by assessing the relative frequency of their occurrence, and six types of botanical geographic distribution patterns were noted.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.77-82
• /
• 2001

Erwinia amylovora causes a devastating disease called fire blight in rosaceous trees and shrubs such as apple, pear, and raspberry. To successfully infect its hosts, the pathogen requires a set of clustered genes termed hrp. Studies on the hrp system of E. amylovora indicated that it consists of three functional classes of genes. Regulation genes including hrpS, hrpS, hrpXY, and hrpL produce proteins that control the expression of other genes in the cluster. Secretion genes, many of which named hrc, encode proteins that may form a transmembrane complex, which is devoted to type III protein secretion. Finally, several genes encode the proteins that are delivered by the protein secretion apparatus. They include harpins, DspE, and other potential effector proteins that may contribute to proliferation of E. amylovora inside the hosts. Harpins are glycine-rich heat-stable elicitors of the hypersensitive response, and induce systemic acquired resistance. The pathogenicity protein DseE is homologous and functionally similar to an avirulence protein of Pseudomonas syringae. The region encompassing the hrpldsp gene cluster of E. amylovora shows features characteristic of a genomic island : a cryptic recombinase/integrase gene and a tRNA gene are present at one end and genes corresponding to those of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome are found beyond the region. This island, designated the Hrp pathogenicity island, is more than 60 kilobases in size and carries as many as 60 genes.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.352-365
• /
• 1997

As a serials of researches for the restoration model of evergreen broad-leaved forests, the restoration strategies of the case study areas were proposed. Restoration type of vegetation were classified into an improvement type and a reconstruction type and a reconstruction type for Wando(Island). Improvement type of restoration was suggested for Mokdo(Island). Quercus acuta community, Q. salicina community, Neolitsea sericea community, Castanopsis cuspidata var. sieboldii community, Machilus thunbergii community, Cinnamomum japonicum community, etc. were suggested as a restoration goal of vegetation for Sando(Island). Machlus thunvergii community was suggested as a restoration goal of vegetation for Mokdo(Island). Also the species restoration olan of the Wando(Island) was prepared for Quercus salicina of Fagaceae and Ostrya japonica of Betulaceae those which the natural distribution and population size were very limited. There was no species which needed for species restoration urgently at Mokdo(Island).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.2 no.3
• /
• pp.74-82
• /
• 1999

This study is aimed to establish the development plannings for the sustainable tourism of Yongyoo Island and Mooeui Island, neighboring areas of Youngjong Island, for the conservation and environmentally friendly use of Korean coastal wetlands. The concepts of sustainable tourism is described. The current development status and its problems of Youngjong Island and its neighboring areas are analysed. The development plannings for sustainable tourism of Yongyoo Island and Mooeui Island are suggested as follows : (1) The small scale tourism development projects, which are able to represent region's own characteristics, instead of large scale ones, should be performed. (2) The participation of community people should be guaranteed at the beginning stage of the decision making processes for tourism development projects. Additionally, the profits of the development should be fairly distributed among community people. (3) The coastal wetlands should be conserved and their sewage disposal capacity should be protected by way of the minimization of reclamation. (4) The coastal wetlands should be developed into the tourist resorts utilizing migratory birds as tourism resources. In addition, the carrying capacity of the coastal wetlands, which is based on the current status of ecosystems and the Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA), should be calculated.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.595-603
• /
• 2014

Jeju Island, a volcanic island, is the region that shows the biggest rainfall and has a big elevation-specific deviation of precipitation, but Jeju Island River Maintenance Plan doesn't reflect the characteristics of Jeju Island as it only calculates probable precipitation from four weather stations with elevation less than 100m. Therefore, this study uses AWS observational data in four Jeju Island weather stations and other regions to calculate location-specific probable precipitation, review the elevation-probable precipitation correlation in southern and northern regions, and create a probable precipitation map for all regions of Jeju Island, in order to produce better outcomes. This study is expected to be the most basic data to establish a safe Jeju island from flood disaster in preparation for the future climate changes and widely used for Jejudo Basin Dimension Planning, River Maintenance Plan, Pre-Disaster Impact Review, etc.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.133-142
• /
• 1992

Beach evolution is of the most important problem is the coastal engineering. Especially, the structure construction through reclamation in the shallow water region nesar the beach will cause many severe problems around the structure. Beach evolution due to the construction of an artificial island in this study was studied using wave transform model and associated of an artificial island in this study was studied using wave transform model and associated sediment transport model. Numerical simulation of the model was applied to the Kwangan beach using the data of waves and shoreline of the area. The combined wave transform model and beach evolution model showed good results. The results show a breakwater will be needed to prevent severe erosion near the eastward Kwangan beach when construction an artificial island in the Suyong Bay. Good results of the study also suggest that the present model can be more widely applied to the prediction of beach evolution.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.406-415
• /
• 2012

The objective of this paper was to analyze the relationships between the factors of selection attributes and the behavior intention focusing on Domestic tourists in Chuja island. This paper utilized the path analysis to investigate the factors of selection attributes affecting the visitors' satisfaction and re-visit intention through service value as mediating factor. This study showed the most important thing among the factors influencing service value in research model was 'uniqueness of island'. Finally, this paper presented that the selection attributes had affected overall satisfaction and re-visit intention through the mediation of service value. In addition, this study calculated total effect including indirect and direct effect of the choice attributes on behavior intention. This result can give the stakeholders related to Chujado island a implication for a better policy of tourism development.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.47-59
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine various definitions of urban heat island and to analyze the characteristics and differences of each methodology by applying each methodology for deriving the heat island region to Seoul. The definition of the heat island is divided into the atmospheric heat island and the surface heat island according to the utilized temperature data. The methodology for deriving the heat island area differs depending on the comparison method and the spatial extent of the analysis. As a result of analyzing each methodology for Seoul city, it was confirmed that the heat island area of Seoul is different according to temperature data. Also, it is confirmed that the distribution range of the heat island area is different according to the spatial range of analysis. This shows that even if the heat island area is analyzed for the same space and the same view point, the heat island area is derived differently according to each methodology. This study can be used as a basic study to solve the urban heat island problem in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.637-647
• /
• 2014

Quantitative assessment of groundwater level change under extreme event is important since groundwater system is directly affected by drought. Substantially, groundwater level fluctuation reveals to be delayed from several hours to few months after raining according to the aquifer characteristics. Groundwater system in Jeju Island would be also affected by drought and almost all regions were suffered from a severe drought during summer season (July to September) in 2013. To estimate the effect of precipitation to groundwater system, monthly mean groundwater levels in 2013 compared to those in the past from 48 monitoring wells belong to be largely affected by rainfall(Dr) over Jeju Island were analyzed. Mean groundwater levels during summer season recorded 100 mm lowered of precipitation compared to the past 30 years became decreased to range from 2.63 m to 5.42 m in southern region compared to the past and continued to December. These decreasing trends are also found in western(from -1.21 m to -4.06 m), eastern(-0.91 m to -3.24 m), and northern region(from 0.58 m to -4.02 m), respectively. Moreover, the response of groundwater level from drought turned out to be -3.80 m in August after delaying about one month. Therefore, severe drought in 2013 played an important role on groundwater system in Jeju Island and the effect of drought for groundwater level fluctuation was higher in southern region than other ones according to the regional difference of precipitation decrease.