• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.11a
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• pp.8-9
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• 2018

3D printing has the unique advantage of the ability to customize freeform product even in small quantity. However, we need to select and apply the only necessary parts of it because of the high cost of the manufacturing technology. It is of critical importance in irregular-shaped curtain walls to ensure precision of construction as well as quality fo finish. Complex shape that have structural members at varying angles can have nodes of different shapes making it unfeasible to construct using a general node connection detail. Therefore, this study aims to utilize smart node system using 3D printing as a solution to complex irregular-shaped curtain wall design.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.443-460
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• 2001

This paper presents an effective application of a variable-node axisymmetric solid element designated as AQV (Axisymmetric Quadrilateral Variable-node element). The variable-node element with physical midside nodes helps to overcome some problems in connecting the different layer patterns on a quadrilateral mesh in the adaptive h-refinement. This element alleviates the necessity of imposing displacement constraints on irregular (hanging) nodes in order to enforce the inter-element compatibility. Therefore, the elements with variable mid-side nodes can be used effectively in the local mesh refinement for the axisymmetric structures which have stress concentrations. A modified Gaussian quadrature should be adopted to evaluate the stiffness matrices of the variable-node elements mainly because of the slope discontinuity of assumed displacement within the elements. Some numerical examples show the usefulness of variable-node axisymmetric elements in the practical application.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.349-370
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• 2012

Variable-node finite element families, termed (4 + k + l + m + n)-node elements with an arbitrary number of nodes (k, l, m, and n) on each of their edges, are developed based on the generic point interpolation with special bases having slope discontinuities in two-dimensional domains. They retain the linear interpolation between any two neighboring nodes, and passes the standard patch test when subdomain-wise $2{\times}2$ Gauss integration is employed. Their shape functions are automatically generated on the master domain of elements although a certain number of nodes are inserted on their edges. The elements can provide a flexibility to resolve nonmatching mesh problems like mesh connection and adaptive mesh refinement. In the case of adaptive mesh refinement problem, so-called "1-irregular node rule" working as a constraint in performing mesh adaptation is relaxed by adopting the variable-node elements. Through several examples, we show the performance of the variable-node finite elements in terms of accuracy and efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.233-236
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• 2010

This paper describes the packet traffic management of the Ubiquitous Healthcare System. In this system, ECG signal and accelerometer signal is transmitted from a wearable health shirt (WHS) to the base station. However, with the increment of users in this system, traffic over-load issue occurs. The main aim of this paper is to reduce the traffic over-load issue between sensor nodes by only transmitting the required signals to the base station when irregular activities are observed. In order to achieve this, in-network processing is adapted where the process of observation is conducted inside the sensor node of WHS. Results shows that irregular activities such as fall can be detected on real-time inside the sensor node and thus resolves traffic over-load issue.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.6-7
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• 2021

3D printing has the unique advantage of the ability to customize freeform products even in small quantities. It was recently applied successfully in the node connection system for the irregular shaped glass design of Gwanggyo Galleria Department Store. This was achieved by applying 3D printing technology for an innovative smart node design. The novel system offers flexibility to address various design challenges in addition to maximizing construction quality and reducing construction period. In this paper, we aim to examine the use of 3D printing based innovative technologies in the construction industry. With this aim in mind, we present the case of the Gwanggyo Galleria Department Store's smart nodes. The key objective of this study is creating awareness in the construction industry of the need to utilize fourth industrial revolution technology in architecture.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 1993

A new three-dimensional transition solid element was presented for the automated three-dimensional adaptive h-refinement or the local mesh refinement where the steep stress gradient exists. The proposed transition element was established by adding variable nodes(element nodes) to basic 8-node for an effective connection between the refined region and the coarse region with minimum degrees of freedom possible. To be consistent in accuracy with 8-node solid element with nonconforming modes, this transition element was also improved through the addition of the modified nonconforming modes. Numerical examples show that the performance of the element and the applicability to 3D adaptations are satisfactory.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.121-132
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• 1992

The pointwise convergence define the relation-ship between the mesh-size and the tolerance. This will play an important role in improving quality of finite element approximate solution. In this paper, We evaluate the convergence on a certaon unknown point with a 1-irregular mesh refinement. This m that the degree of freedom is minimized within a tolerance.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1194-1200
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• 1991

The FEM is a computer-aided mathematical technique for obtaining approximate solution to the differential equations. The pointwise convergence defines the relationship between the mesh size and the tolerance. This will play an important role in improving quality of finite element approximate solution. In the paper. We evaluate the convergence on a certain unknown point with a 1-irregular mesh refinement and spectral order enrichment. This means that the degree of freedom is minimized within a tolerance.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.4-5
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• 2021

In irregular curtain walls, the nominal stress required for each member varies greatly depending on the shape, so it is inefficient to design members based on the maximum required stress. Then, built-up members are absolutely necessary, but built-up members manufactured by Manpower-welding cannot be constructed in an irregular curtain wall building because it' not precise. In order to address the problems, this paper presents why Robotic-laser-welding should be used in irregular curtain walls using Gwanggyo Galleria Department Store involving 3D printing as an example. Results verify the performance of Robot-Laser-Welding as an efficient solution for precise steel curtain wall members.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.394-400
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• 2002

Networks of Workstations(NOWs), that has features of flexibility and scalability, recently has emerged as an inexpensive alternative to massively parallel multicomputers. However it is not easier to perform deadlock-free multicast than regular topologies like mash or hypercube. Single phase differential multicast(SPDM) is a modified multicast algorithm with less burden of the root node. By applying quality of serviece(QoS), a specific node can have differentiated service and artificial change of message flow pattern is also available. As the results of performance evaluation experiments, SPDM has lower latency and lower packet concentration rate of the root node than the case of SPAM, and has ability to control network load distribution among switch nodes by controlling the assignment rate among nodes.