• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.531-538
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• 2003

To elucidate the physicochemical change of Panicm miliaceum powders caused by irradiation and identify detection of irradiation, viscosity, TBA value, Hunter color and total viable count were measured after irradiation of Panicum miliaceum powder. Panicum miliaceum powders from Korea and China were irradiated at 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 15 kGy using a $Co^{60}$ irradiator and stored for 9 months at $0^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. All samples resulted in decrease for viscosity and specific parameter values by increasing dosage at 50 rpm after irradiation. These values showed dose-dependent relationship (above $r^2$＝0.92) between non-irradiated and irradiated samples during storage. These results suggest that the detection of irradiated Panicum miliaceum at various doses is possible by using viscometric method during storage. Total viable count, TBA value and Hunter color were determined as assistant indices for the samples viscosity measured. Total viable count, TBA values showed dose-dependent relationship (2.5 ~15 kGy). The difference in viscosity along with total viable count, TBA values between non-irradiated samples little or some changed with the lapse of post-irradiation time, but was still distinguishable each other more than 6 months at $0^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ for Panicum miliaceum powders from Korea and China.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.89-95
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• 1997

The comparative effects of gamma irradiation an ozone treatment on the microbiological and physicochemical qualities were investigated for the improvement of hygienic quality of aloe powder and bee pollen. Gamma irradiation at 7.5~10kGy could reduce total aerobic bacteria, molds and coliforms below detection levels, but ozone treatment up to 18 ppm for 8hr was not sufficient to eliminate the microorganisms from aloe powder and bee pollen. The physicochemical properties such as fatty acid an amino acid compositions, mineral content, TBA value, barbaloin and pigment contents were not significantly changed by gamma irradiation, whereas ozone treatment caused significant changes in fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation and destruction of barbaloin and natural pigments.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.183-197
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• 1991

After single fraction of 2, 5, 10 Gy irradiation on submandibular gland of 40 male rats, weighing 150gm, respectively, these animal were sacrificed two hours after 0.1㎎/g bromodeoxyuridine (Sigma) peritoneal injection in 1, 3, 7, 15 hours, 1, 3, 7 days after irradiation. And excised submandibular gland were fixed in Carnoy's and Bouin's solution for 2 hours. Paraffin sections were stained with H&E, and PAS for the observation of the change of salivary gland tissue, and with Feulgen for the study of the DNA distribution, and immunohistochemically stained with anti-bromodeoxyuridine (Sanbyo Co.) for detection of DNA synthetic cells in order to study the distribution of DNA synthetic cells of salivary gland tissue and endothelium after irradiation in 5 different sites of 6 slides on X 200 high power field. The results were as followings. 1. In PAS staining 3 days after 5Gy irradiation, decreased mucine secretion of serous cells were found, and 7 days after l0Gy irradiation, decreased mucine secretion of mucous cells were found. 2. In histopathologic features, degeneration of serous cells were found in 3 days after 2 Gy irradiation and there was little change in mucous cells and excretory duct cells. 3. In Feugen staining, 3 days after 2 Gy, 5 Gy irradiation, more high percentage of DNA synthetic cells were found in intercalated duct cells, striated duct cells and excretory duct cells than in BrdU staining. 4. In immunohistochemical features, DNA synethsis of serous cells and granular convoluted tubular cells abruptly decreased in early period after irradiation and showed no recovery in 7 days after irradiation but there was an increase in DNA synthesis of intercalated duct cells, striated duct cells and excretory duct cells, which have less S-phase cells comparatively, in 7 days after 2 Gy, 5 Gy irradiation. 5. In immunohistochemical features, the DNA synthesis of endothelial cells was continuously decreased after irradiation but showed slight increase in 7 days after 2 Gy and S Gy irradiation.

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.205-210
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• 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of gamma irradiation and different conditions (vacuum packaging, antioxidant and freezing) on the microbiological and sensory characteristics of freeze dried Manila clam porridge (MCP) for immuno-compromised patient food. MCP can be sterilized at 1 kGy to 10 kGy. The initial counts of total aerobic bacteria and yeast molds in the non-irradiated MCP were $2.4{\pm}0.5$ and $1.2{\pm}0.3{\log}\;CFU\;g^{-1}$, respectively, but gamma irradiation significantly decreased the total aerobic bacteria to below the detection limit ($1{\log}\;CFU\;g^{-1}$) (5 kGy). Moreover, gamma irradiation effectively eliminated yeasts/molds at dose below than 1 kGy. However, gamma irradiation accelerated the increase of lipid oxidation and therefore, decreased the sensory characteristics of MCP as irradiation dose increased. To improve the sensory qualities of gamma irradiated MCP, combination treatment (vacuum packaging, 0.1% vitamin C) were applied. There was no significant difference in the overall acceptance scores between the combined-treatment sample (5.6 points) and the non-irradiated samples (6.0). The results indicate that combination treatment (vacuum packaging, 0.1% vitamin C) may help to maintain the quality of MCP. Therefore, it considered that irradiation of MCP with combined treatment and this is an effective method for the consumption as a special purpose food such as for space travel or immuno-compromised patients.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.131-134
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• 2001

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.345-348
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• 2004

Dried cabbage, spinach, carrot, mugwort and yam were irradiated at 1, 5 and 10 kGy using a $^{60}Co$ irradiator at room temperature. Effects of irradiation dose and storage time on irradiated dried vegetables were investigated through electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Strong positive correlation coefficients ($R^{2}=0.9698-0.9915$) were obtained between irradiation dose and corresponding ESR signal intensity. ESR signal of mugwort was most stable at 9 weeks storage, followed by carrot, yam, and spinach, whereas that ESR signal of cabbage was not distinguishable.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06b
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• pp.313-316
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• 2011

SRAM-based FPGAs are very sensitive to single event upset(SEU) induced by space irradiation. To mitigate SEU effects, space applications employ some mitigation schemes. The triple modular redundancy(TMR) is a well-known mitigation scheme. It uses one or three voters as well as three identical blocks performing the same work. The voters can mask out one error in the outputs from the three replicated blocks. One SEU error in TMRed circuits can be masked but it needs to be detected for some reasons such as to analyze the SEU effects in the satellite or to recover the circuits from the error before additional error occur. In this paper, we developed a fault detection circuit and reporting system to detect a fault on the TMRed circuits. To verify our error detection circuit and reporting circuit, we performed an irradiation test at MC-50 Cyclotron. Experimental results showed that error detection circuit can detect a fault on the TMRed test circuit in radiation environment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.1082-1086
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• 1999

Dried vegetables, white ginseng and spices, which were exposed to gamma and electron beam irradiation, were used in a detection study by measuring their starch content and viscosity change. The samples tested showed different levels of starch content(15.64~60.86%), which was not directly proportional to the viscosity of the samples. The correlation coefficients between irradiation dose and viscosity change were lower in the samples, such as cabbage, carrot, clean vegetable(chunggyungchae), garlic, mushroom, green onion, and red pepper, while some higher coefficients were found in ginger(R2=0.9271), white ginseng (R2=0.6223) and onion (R2=0.7909). Thus, dried ginger and white ginseng were selected to be used for a detection of irradiated samples using specific parameters(threshold values). Specific parameter for the nonirradiated ginger and ginseng were 13.31 and 13.93, respectively. On the other hand, gamma and electron beam irradiated samples at 2.5 kGy, the lowest dose for a commercial purpose, showed decreased values, 11.92 and 11.15 in ginger, and moreover 4.40 and 5.10 in ginseng. It is expected that a proportional decrease in a specific parameter with the absorbed doses will be a potentially useful index for detecting whether starchy foods have been irradiated or not.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2016

Non-destructive testing methods for composite materials (e.g., carbon fiber-reinforced and glass fiber-reinforced plastic) have been widely used to detect damage in the overall industry. This study detects defects using optical infrared thermography. The transient heat transport in a solid body is characterized by two dynamic quantities, namely, thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity. The first quantity describes the speed with thermal energy diffuses through a material, whereas the second one represents a type of thermal inertia. The defect detection rate is increased by utilizing a lock-in method and performing a comparison of the defect detection rates. The comparison is conducted by dividing the irradiation method into reflection and transmission methods and the irradiation time into 50 mHz and 100 mHz. The experimental results show that detecting defects at 50 mHz is easy using the transmission method. This result implies that low-frequency thermal waves penetrate a material deeper than the high-frequency waves.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.69-84
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• 2021

Awareness of boats is a main issue in areas of fishery management, illegal fishing, and maritime traffic, etc. For the awareness, Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Vessel-Pass System (V-PASS) have been widely used to collect the boat-related information. However, only using these systems makes it difficult to collect the accurate information. Recently, satellite-based data has been increasingly used as a cooperative system. In 2015, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) developed a boat detection algorithm using Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day & Night Band (DNB) data. Although the detections have been widely utilized in many publications, it is difficult to estimate the night-time fishing boats immediately. Particularly, it is difficult to estimate the threshold due to the lunar irradiation effect. This effect must be corrected to apply a single specific threshold. In this study, the moon phase was considered as the main frequency of this effect. Considering the moon phase, relational expressions are derived and then used as offsets for relative correction. After the correction, it shows a significant reduction in the standard deviation of the threshold compared to the threshold of NOAA. Through the correction, this study can set a constant threshold every day without determination of different thresholds. In conclusion, this study can achieve the detection applying the single specific threshold regardless of the moon phase.