• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-16
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• 1982

Many skarn type iron ore deposits are distributed in Kimhae-Mulgeum area of Gyeongnam Province. Integrated field, mineralogic, geochemical and fluid inclusion studies were undertaken to illustrate the character and origin of the ores in this area. The iron ore deposits in this area are NS or NNE trending fracture filling magnetite veins which are developed in andesitic rocks near the contact with late Cretaceous micrographic granite bodies. Symmetrically zoned skarns are commonly developed in the magnetite veins of this area. Zoning of skarn from center to margin of the vein are as follows; garnet quartz skarn-epidote skarn-epidote orthoclase skarn-altered andesitic rocks. Major ore mineral is magnetite and small amount of hematite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and sphalerite are associated. Vein paragenesis reveals four depositional stages; 1) skarn stage, 2) iron sulfide and oxide stage, 3) skarn stage, 4) sulfide stage Minute halite-bearing polyphase inclusions and liquid inclusions are contained in quartz. Filling temperatures range from $257^{\circ}$ to $370^{\circ}C$.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2011

In the synthesis of nanoparticles, much attention has been paid to regulating the particle size. There has been a possible evident that using the central cavity (core) of the protein ferritin has a greatly significant influence on it because the core can generate the nanometer-sized mineral particles of variable metal ions. In this report, recombinant human L-ferritins produced from Saccharomyces cerevisiae were purified and their molecular properties were characterized. The cDNA for human ferritin L chain was also expressed in another host such as Escherichia coli, and the properties of recombinant L-ferritins were compared. From isoelectric focusing experiment, the L-ferritin from the recombinant yeast showed no indication of N-glycosylation. Some post-translational modifications other than N-glycosylation were speculated in the L-ferritins from yeast. A difference was made in the L-ferritins in their iron uptake rates and the initial rate of the L-ferritin from yeast was slightly increased. The reconstitution yield and size distribution of the core minerals were analyzed in the L-ferritins by transmission electron microscopy. The L-ferritin from yeast with higher reconstitution yield (54.5%) showed slightly larger sizes (mean 6.92 nm) with narrower size distribution than the L-ferritin from E. coli. It is, in conclusion, speculated that L-ferritin from yeast is relatively superior to the other, in view of the size of nanoparticle and its relative homogeneity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2020

Objective: To investigate the effects of low-dose trace mineral proteinates on reproductive performance, mineral status, milk immunoglobulin contents and fecal mineral excretion of sows. Methods: Eighty crossbred sows (Landrace×Large White) were randomly allocated to two groups in a 135-day trail, from breeding through 21 d postpartum. The two treatments were inorganic trace minerals (ITM): a basal diet+inorganic iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) at 90, 15, 25 and 90 mg/kg, respectively and organic trace minerals (OTM): a basal diet+proteinates of Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn at 72, 12, 20, and 72 mg/kg, respectively. Results: Compared with ITM, OTM significantly increased (p<0.05) the number of piglets with birthweight >1 kg, the litter weaning weight, and milk Fe, Cu contents. No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed on sow hair mineral contents or immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, and IgA contents in colostrum and milk. In comparsion to ITM, OTM decreased fecal Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn contents of gestating sows (p<0.01) and Fe, Mn, and Zn in lactating sows (p<0.01). Conclusion: These results indicate that low-dose mineral proteinates can increase the number of piglets with birthweight >1 kg, the litter weaning weight and certain milk mineral concentrations while reducing fecal mineral excretion.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.485-493
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among nutrient intakes, BMD, serum copper, zinc and manganese contents in Korean postmenopausal women residing in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. Nutrient intakes analyses and anthropometric measurements were performed for 64 postmenopausal women. Also, fasting blood samples were collected. The BMDs of the lumbar spine (L2-L4) and femoral neck were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Subjects were classified into three groups: osteoporosis (T-score ${\leq}$ -2.5, n = 20), osteopenia (-2.5 < T-score ${\leq}$ -1, n = 24), and normal (T-score) -1, n = 20). The results are summarized as follows; the mean age, height and weight were 62.1 yrs, 153.8 em, and 56.1 kg, respectively, with no significant difference among three groups. On the other hand, the mean BMI $(23.7\;g/m^2)$ of normal group was significantly higher than those of other two groups. The mean energy intake was 1,395.3 kcal (77.5% of Dietary referance intakes for koreans (KDRls)). The average daily intakes of vitamin $B_2$, calcium and zinc did not reach KDRIs. The mean intakes of iron, copper, zinc and manganese were 10.9 mg, 1.6 mg, 7.8 mg and 5.1 mg respectively, with no significant difference among three groups, The mean serum levels of copper, zinc and manganese were 96.4 mg/dl, 91.5 mg/dl and 39.5 ng/dl, respectively with no significant differences among three groups. The BMD of lumbar spine showed a significantly negative correlation intakes of animal protein, fat and iron intakes after adjusting for age, Bill. However, the BMD of lumbar spine was not significantly correlated with animal iron intakes after adjusting for animal protein, and fat intakes, indicating animal food intake is a possible confounding factor. Proper intakes of vitamin $B_2$, vitamin C are required to protect osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. These results suggest that excessive animal food intakes may have adverse effect on bone mineral density. Further studies arc necessary to elucidate the role of serum minerals in BMD.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.6187-6195
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• 2012

Recycling process of iron should be developed for efficient recovery of neodymium(Nd), rare metal, from acid-leaching solution of neodymium magnet. In this study, $FeCl_3$ solution as iron source was used for synthesis of iron nanoparticle with the condition of various factors, etc, reductant, surfactant. $Na_4O_7P_2$ and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) as surfactants, $NaBH_4$ as reductant, and palladium chloride($PdCl_2$) as a nucleation seed were used. Iron powder was analyzed with instruments of XRD, SEM and PSA for measuring shape and size. Iron nanoparticles were made at the ratio of 1 : 5(Fe (III) : $NaBH_4$) after 30 min of reduction time. Size and shape of iron particles synthesized were round-form and 50 nm ~ 100 nm size. Zeta-potential of iron at the 100 mg/L of $Na_4O_7P_2$ was negative value, which is good for dispersion of metal particle. When $Na_4O_7P_2$(100 mg/L), PVP($FeCl_3$ : PVP = 1 : 4, w/w) and Pd($FeCl_3$ : $PdCl_2$ = 1 : 0.001, w/w) were used, iron nanoparticles which are round-shape, well-dispersed, near 100 nm-sized can be made.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2004

Recombinant human ferritin homopolymers (rHF and rLF) were successfully produced in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y2805, which was transformed with human ferritin H or L-chain genes, respectively. In order to characterize the molecular properties of the recombinant ferritins in relation to mineralization, the proteins were isolated and apoferritins were prepared. The apoferritins were reconstituted with 2000 Fe atoms per protein molecule under various experimental conditions (the concentration of the protein, the buffer concentration of the MOPS buffer, the total volume of the reaction and the reconstitution method). The structure and composition of the iron cores formed in the ferritins were examined using transmission electron microscopy. The recombinant ferritins behaved in a similar manner to other mammalian ferritins in accumulating iron in the core. Proteins of rHF and rLF showed varying reconstitution yields of 37-72% depending on the reaction conditions. In general, the rHF showed higher reconstitution yield than the rLF at the protein concentrations and the reaction volumes we examined. Iron cores with a similar mean particle size were obtained in the rHF, rLF and horse spleen ferritin reconstituted at a protein concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Electron diffraction of all the three ferritins showed 2-3 diffuse lines, with d-spacings corresponding to those of the mineral ferrihydrite with a limited crystallinity.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.301-308
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• 2007

Silicate mineral serpentine with magnesium and calcium was selected as a mineral carbonation mediators for carbon dioxide storage. Serpentine has various metallic elements as an oxides form of magnesium, iron, calcium, aluminium etc. Magnesium and calcium could be carbonation salt preferentially than other metal component within serpentine. Systemic thermochemical treatment for serpentine could change physicochemical properties like a surface area and pore dimensions. Due to the rapid chemical reaction rate depended on dimensional values, carbonation formation could determined by surface property change of thermochemical treated serpentine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.279-283
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• 1992

Eighteen wether lambs averaging 32 kg were used to determine the effects of dietary silica, added as silicic acid, on mineral metabolism. Lambs were fed 1200 g daily of a coastal Bermuda grass based diet supplemented with either 0, .5 or 1.5% silicic acid. A 7-d total collection of urine and feces was conducted after lambs had adjusted to the dietary treatments for 19 days. Urinary excretion of silica was higher (p<.01) in lambs fed added silicic acid. Ruminal soluble concentrations of manganese tended to be lower (p<.10) and apparent absorption and retention of manganese were lower (p<.05) in lambs supplemented with silicic acid compared to control lambs. Apparent absorption and retention of calcium were slightly lower (p<.10) in silicic acid fed lambs. No differences in urinary between lambs fed .5 and those given 1.5% silicic acid. Phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper absorption and retention were not affected by treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 한국섬유공학회 2003년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.229-230
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• 2003

In these days, it is actively investigated to use loess in textile industry. The loess have been reported for emissivity of far-infrared and negative ion, and antibacterial efficacy. The loess consist of quartz, feldspar, clay mineral, iron oxide mineral, gibbsite [Al(OH)$_3$], etc. The main component of loess is clay minerals which have great adsorption about ion exchange and far-infrared emission properties. Recently, various inner-wears, sheets, and interior goods are manufactured using the loess due to its improved blood circulation, metabolism, antibacterial and deodorizing properties. (omitted)

• Food Science and Preservation
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.396-399
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• 2002

An attempt was made in this study to investigate the optimum extracting time from meat with bone of goat and the nutritional component of its extract. for the trials, the mixtures of meat with bone and water were adjusted to the ratios of five to four by weight and extracted for 6, 9 and 12 hours at 120$\^{C}$ under autoclave. Judging from the content of mineral and amino acid, nonenzymatic browning and yield, the optimum extracting time was 9 hours. The major components of mineral were composed of 47.7mg％ potassium, 12.7mg% calcium, 150.0mg% sodium, 105.3mg% phosphorus and 0.5mg% iron, and of amino acids composed of 1,308.0mg% glutamic acid, 1,464.2mg% glycine, 750.2mg% alanine and 828.lmg% proline in extract. The yield of extract was 32.1 percentage by dry basis.