• Title/Summary/Keyword: iris

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A Review of Iridology (국내외 홍채학 연구동향)

  • Lim, Young-Woo;Park, Seung-Il;Park, Young-Jae;Park, Young-Bae
    • The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.1-16
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    • 2013
  • Objectives Iridology is a field of study that diagnoses various systemic diseases through analysis of colors, structural characteristics and changes in iris. The purpose of this study was to review previously published study results of the iridology. Methods The studies were searched with the keyword "iridology" through search engines such as SCOPUS, Pub med, RISS, and NDSL. Total of 36 iridology-related studies published from 1980 to 2012 were analyzed. Results Most diagnoses of systemic disease through iris markings were insignificant. The studies on relevance of gene polymorphism and iris constitution were highly significant. The studies on relevance of Sasang constitution and iris constitution varied in results depending on diagnosis methods. The studies on relevance of iris constitution and diseases had significant results. The structural characteristics of iris were related to certain personality. Conclusions The studies on utility of iris diagnosis and diagnostic markings were negative, but the relevance of constitution, heredity, and iris diagnosis was positive. A persistent in-depth study on relevance of iris and constitution is needed in the future.

Iris Feature Extraction using Independent Component Analysis (독립 성분 분석 방법을 이용한 홍채 특징 추출)

  • 노승인;배광혁;박강령;김재희
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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    • v.40 no.6
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    • pp.20-30
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    • 2003
  • In a conventional method based on quadrature 2D Gator wavelets to extract iris features, the iris recognition is performed by a 256-byte iris code, which is computed by applying the Gabor wavelets to a given area of the iris. However, there is a code redundancy because the iris code is generated by basis functions without considering the characteristics of the iris texture. Therefore, the size of the iris code is increased unnecessarily. In this paper, we propose a new feature extraction algorithm based on the ICA (Independent Component Analysis) for a compact iris code. We implemented the ICA to generate optimal basis functions which could represent iris signals efficiently. In practice the coefficients of the ICA expansions are used as feature vectors. Then iris feature vectors are encoded into the iris code for storing and comparing an individual's iris patterns. Additionally, we introduce two methods to enhance the recognition performance of the ICA. The first is to reorganize the ICA bases and the second is to use a different ICA bases set. Experimental results show that our proposed method has a similar EER (Equal Error Rate) as a conventional method based on the Gator wavelets, and the iris code size of our proposed methods is four times smaller than that of the Gabor wavelets.

A Study on Performance Enhancement for Iris Recognition by Eyelash Detection (속눈썹 추출 방법을 이용한 홍채 인식 성능 향상 연구)

  • Kang Byung Joon;Park Kang Ryoung
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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    • v.12B no.3 s.99
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    • pp.233-238
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    • 2005
  • With iris recognition algorithm, unique iris code can be generated and user can be identified by using iris pattern. However, if unnecessary information such as eyelash is included in iris region, the error for iris recognition is increased, consequently. In detail, if iris region is used to generate ins code not excluding eyelash and the position of eyelash is moved, the iris codes are also changed and the error rate is increased. To overcome such problem, we propose the method of detecting eyelash by using mask and excluding the detected eyelash region in case of generating iris code. Experimental results show that EER(Equal Error Rate) for iris recognition using the proposed algorithm is lessened as much as $0.18\%$ compared to that not using it.

A Study on Extraction of Irregular Iris Patterns (비정형 홍채 패턴 분리에 관한 연구)

  • Won, Jung-Woo;Cho, Seong-Won;Kim, Jae-Min;Baik, Kang-Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.169-174
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    • 2008
  • Recently, biometric systems are of interest for the reliable security system. Iris recognition technology is one of the biometric system with the highest reliability. Various iris recognition methods have been proposed for automatic personal identification and verification. These methods require accurate iris segmentation for successful processing because the iris is a small part of an acquired image. The iris boundaries have been parametrically modeled and subsequently detected by circles or parabolic arcs. Since the iris boundaries have a wide range of edge contrast and irregular border shapes, the assumption that they can be fit to circles or parabolic arcs is not always valid. In some cases, the shape of a dilated pupil is slightly different from a constricted one. This is especially true when the pupil has an irregular shape. This is why this research is important. This paper addresses how to accurately detect iris boundaries for improved iris recognition, which is robust to noises.

Iris Localization using the Pupil Center Point based on Deep Learning in RGB Images (RGB 영상에서 딥러닝 기반 동공 중심점을 이용한 홍채 검출)

  • Lee, Tae-Gyun;Yoo, Jang-Hee
    • Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.135-142
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    • 2020
  • In this paper, we describe the iris localization method in RGB images. Most of the iris localization methods are developed for infrared images, thus an iris localization method in RGB images is required for various applications. The proposed method consists of four stages: i) detection of the candidate irises using circular Hough transform (CHT) from an input image, ii) detection of a pupil center based on deep learning, iii) determine the iris using the pupil center, and iv) correction of the iris region. The candidate irises are detected in the order of the number of intersections of the center point candidates after generating the Hough space, and the iris in the candidates is determined based on the detected pupil center. Also, the error due to distortion of the iris shape is corrected by finding a new boundary point based on the detected iris center. In experiments, the proposed method has an improved accuracy about 27.4% compared to the CHT method.

Moving Iris Tracking and Screen Cursor Real Time Matching (홍채의 움직임 추적과 화면커서의 실시간 정합)

  • Ryu, Kwang-Ryol;Chai, Duck-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.9 no.7
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    • pp.1508-1512
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    • 2005
  • A real time tracking and matching of the screen cursor corresponding to the iris moving by measuring distance between vertical movement and horizontal movement of iris is presented in this paper. The screen cursor is tracked and matched with the distance md direction moving the center-positioned coordinate of iris. The experimental result shows that the moving of iris and screen cursor are accord with distance and size of screen and the optimal tolerance is reduced the tracking error.

Iris Lacuna Extraction using Watershed (Watershed를 이용한 홍채 열공 추출)

  • 박현선;한일호;김회율
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2002.06d
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    • pp.53-56
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, we propose the method of iris lacuna extraction using watershed transform. Lacuna is salient feature of iris. It has three dimensional structure formed by leak of pigmentation and loss of fiber tissues. Lacuna can be used for iris recognition system, and generally used in health diagnosis and character analysis with its shape and position. The main idea of the proposed method is applying the watershed transform to radial gray scale profile of iris image. The result shows that the lacuna can be extracted automatically from eye image.

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Occurrence of German Iris Leaf Spot Caused by Cladosporium Iridis in Korea

  • Shin, Hyeon-Dong;Lee, Hyun-Tae;Im, Dae-Joon
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.124-126
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    • 1999
  • A fungus associated with the leaf spot of German iris (Iris germanica) was identified as Cladosporium iridis based on the morphological characteristics of the condiophores and conidia. A conidial suspension of the fungus was artificially inoculated onto a healthy unwounded plant, proving its pathogenicity. This is the first record of this disease from Korea.

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A Study on Multi-modal Near-IR Face and Iris Recognition on Mobile Phones (휴대폰 환경에서의 근적외선 얼굴 및 홍채 다중 인식 연구)

  • Park, Kang-Ryoung;Han, Song-Yi;Kang, Byung-Jun;Park, So-Young
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2008
  • As the security requirements of mobile phones have been increasing, there have been extensive researches using one biometric feature (e.g., an iris, a fingerprint, or a face image) for authentication. Due to the limitation of uni-modal biometrics, we propose a method that combines face and iris images in order to improve accuracy in mobile environments. This paper presents four advantages and contributions over previous research. First, in order to capture both face and iris image at fast speed and simultaneously, we use a built-in conventional mega pixel camera in mobile phone, which is revised to capture the NIR (Near-InfraRed) face and iris image. Second, in order to increase the authentication accuracy of face and iris, we propose a score level fusion method based on SVM (Support Vector Machine). Third, to reduce the classification complexities of SVM and intra-variation of face and iris data, we normalize the input face and iris data, respectively. For face, a NIR illuminator and NIR passing filter on camera are used to reduce the illumination variance caused by environmental visible lighting and the consequent saturated region in face by the NIR illuminator is normalized by low processing logarithmic algorithm considering mobile phone. For iris, image transform into polar coordinate and iris code shifting are used for obtaining robust identification accuracy irrespective of image capturing condition. Fourth, to increase the processing speed on mobile phone, we use integer based face and iris authentication algorithms. Experimental results were tested with face and iris images by mega-pixel camera of mobile phone. It showed that the authentication accuracy using SVM was better than those of uni-modal (face or iris), SUM, MAX, NIN and weighted SUM rules.

Renewable Iris Authentication Algorithm in Mobile System

  • Lee Kwang Je;Lee Soon Seok;Kim Sin Hong;Cho Do Hyun
    • Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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    • 2004.08c
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    • pp.592-595
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    • 2004
  • Recently the numbers of patent about the technology for mobile payment with Ie or bluetooth-chip are being increased more and more. The reasons of patent increment for mobile payment are advancement of wireless internet technology and rising of customer's request for it. The customer wants to be able to pay for purchase, tax and aid with own mobile phone. So every mobile service provider applies for patents about that competitively. And in the near future the biometrics is generalized in the mobile payment system. Especially the payment service of iris recognition is significant technique in this area for the future prospect. The biometrics of iris is an accurate authentication method because it has about 250 distinguish parameters to the finger print's 30. The biometrics of iris can recognize and identify a person for 2 seconds. But the image of iris is changed by transformation of body in the life. And the existing iris authentication system has problem that can be miss-recognized. In this paper, we propose the new method that reduces miss-recognizing rate with Renewable Iris Authentication Algorithm(RIAA) in mobile system.

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