• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 1991

Activated carbons from rice-straw can be used as an adsorbents for the purification of water were prepared and evaluated. The adsorptive capacities of activated carbons were measured by iodine, potassium permangante, phenol and metals. It was observed by electron microscope (SEM) and IR spectrum that organic components in the rice-straw and its carbonization product were disappeared. Slit-shaped and porousstructures were formed by activation. There was no relationship between temperature and adsorption of iodine but adsorption of potassium permanganate increased as temperature rose. The adsorption of the phenol was greater than 99%. The adsorption data of phenol at $25^\circ{C}$ obeyed the Freundlich's isotherm. Various metals except sodium were not removed by activated carbon.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1155-1159
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• 1995

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma is a slow growing tumor with relative good prognosis. But locally advanced thyroid cancer with T4 or N1b is difficult to manage. Between June 1988 and April 1995, we resected 8 advanced thyroid cancers trans-sternally. All patients had direct mediastinal extension [T4 or mediastinal lymph node metastasis [N1b with airway obstruction or dysphagia. We operated all the patients by partial or total sternotomy for mediastinal dissection along with thyroidectomy and radical neck dissection. There were some acceptable morbidities but no operative mortality. Postoperative radioactive iodine therapy was followed without side effects. Follow-up survival period was between 11 months to 81 months with 2 late mortalities [17 month, 30 month . Although definite benefit for routine mediastinal dissection in thyroid cancer has not been established, in locally advanced cases impending airway obstruction or dysphagia who have questionable effect by radioactive iodine therapy alone, aggressive mediastinal mass dissection including lymph node metastasis has the significant role to prevent the patients from suffocation & dysphagia, and to enhance the effect of followed radioactive iodine tharapy.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.2066-2073
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• 2021

The use of nuclear reactors is a large studied possible solution for thermochemical water splitting cycles. Nevertheless, there are several problems that have to be solved. One of them is to increase the efficiency of the cycles. Hence, in this paper, a thermal energy optimization of a Sulfur-Iodine nuclear hydrogen production cycle was performed by means a heuristic method with the aim of minimizing the energy targets of the heat exchanger network at different minimum temperature differences. With this method, four different heat exchanger networks are proposed. A reduction of the energy requirements for cooling ranges between 58.9-59.8% and 52.6-53.3% heating, compared to the reference design with no heat exchanger network. With this reduction, the thermal efficiency of the cycle increased in about 10% in average compared to the reference efficiency. This improves the use of thermal energy of the cycle.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.312-315
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• 2009

Objective: It is important to sterilize oral cavity with antibacterial agent before surgery for preventing infection. The object of this study was to compare the effect on reduction of salivary bacterial counts according to applied time when povidone-iodine (PVI) and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), most broadly used materials in dentistry, were applied intraorally before the surgery. Methods: Sixty subjects were divided into 6 groups. PVI and CHX were applied in each group for 1, 2 and 3 minutes, respectively. Then salivary microbacteria taken before and after applying the materials were cultured using 5% sheep blood agar plate. Results: There was significant difference in reduction of microbacteria in both PVI and CHX and the effect did not show differences depending on time. When applied for a minute, PVI showed somewhat higher reduction rate than CHX, but in the other groups, there was no difference in reduction rate. Conclusion: We found that there was no significant difference in sterilization ability of PVI and CHX in all groups in this study. Therefore, both agents would get sufficient effect when applied for a minute.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권10호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 투관침 부위를 중심으로 복강경하 담낭절제술에 적용하는 소독제인 포비돈 아이오딘과 클로르헥시딘-에탄올에 따른 소독효과의 차이를 비교하기 위한 비동등성 대조군 사전사후설계 실험연구이다. 연구대상자는 서울 소재 1개의 대학병원 외과에 입원한 46명의 환자를 대상으로 난수표를 이용하여 무작위 할당하였으며, 균의 배양과 동정, 균 수(CFU/ml) 측정, 수술부위감염 발생 유무를 통해 소독제 효과의 차이를 비교하였다. 연구결과, 포비돈 아이오딘과 클로르헥시딘-에탄올은 소독 3분 후와 투관침 제거 전의 균 발생률, 균수 변화의 차이와 수술부위감염발생률은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없어 소독효과에 대한 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 적절한 소독제 선택시 소독효과 뿐만 아니라 비용적 측면과 사용의 편의성 등을 고려하는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구는 소독제의 효능과 사용방법에 대한 기초자료 및 교육 자료로 활용될 수 있으며, 소독제에 대한 이해를 높이는데 의의가 있다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.199-211
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• 2019

The sterilization effects of methylene blue (MB), formalin, and iodine on the egg of marine medaka, Oryzias dancena, were investigated for disinfecting naididae worm, Chaetogaster diastrophus through sterilization. To determine harmfulness of MB, formalin, and iodine, lethal concentrations 50 ($LC_{50}$) of three chemicals were analyzed in the eggs of marine medaka. The sterilized periods of each chemical were set at 1 hr. Sterilized rates of naididae worm in each chemical were significantly affected and increased drastically as the concentration of each chemical increased (p<0.05). Sterilization abilities of naididae worm were most effective for formalin, but survival rates of egg and hatched rates for formalin were lowest among each chemical. The $LC_{50}$ of MB over 96 hrs were 185.26, 103.84, and 127.15 ppm for adults, juveniles, and eggs respectively. The toxic effects of MB were clearly dose dependent for each life stage (p<0.05). The toxicity sensitivity of juveniles to MB was dramatically higher than that of other groups. In 48 hrs after sterilization, cortisol and glucose concentrations of the adult group with MB treatment were significantly higher than those of the adult group with no treatment (p<0.05). This research provides useful data on sterilization effect of MB, formalin, and iodine, acute toxicity in marine medaka egg and toxicity, sensitivity of life stage of MB in marine medaka.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 1995

Ag+ 이온과 Ca2+ 이온으로 교환하고 진공 탈수한 제올라이트 A에 요오드를 흡착한 결정 구조(a=12.174(3)Å)를 21℃에서 입방공간군 Pm3m을 사용하여 단결정 X-선 회절법으로 구조를 해석하였다. 결정은 AgNO3와 Ca(NO3)2의 몰비를 1:150으로 하고 농도를 0.05 M로 한 혼합용액을 사용해 흐름법으로 3일간 이온교환한 후 360℃에서 2×10-6 Torr하에서 2일간 진공탈수한 후 80℃에서 14.3 Torr의 요오드 증기로 24시간 처리하였다. 결정구조는 Full-matrix 정밀화 계산에서 I > 3σ(I)인 122개의 독립 반사를 사용하여 최종 오차 지수 R1=0.082, R2=0.068까지 정밀화시켰다. 본 결정 구조에는 단위세포당 결정학적으로 세 가지의 다른 종류의 양이온 즉 2개의 Ag+ 이온, 1.1 개의 Ag+ 이온 그리고 4.45개의 Ca2+이온이 6-링의 산소와 결합하면서 각각 서로 다른 3회 회전축 상에 위치하고 있었다. 2.0개의 Ag+ 이온이 3개의 산소로 만들어지는 (111) 평면으로부터 큰 동공쪽으로 1.399(4)Å 떨어져 위치하고 있었다. 또 다른 1.1 개의 Ag+이온은 반대쪽에서 발견되었다. 여섯 분자의 요오드 분자가 흡착되었다. 각 요오드 분자는 골조 산소와 전하이동 착물을 형성하였다. (O-I=3.43(2)Å, I-I=2.92Å, I-I-O;166.1(3)°). 이중 2개의 요오드 분자는 각각 하나의 Ag+ 이온과 매우 가깝게 결합하고 있음을 알 수 있었다(Ag-I;2.73Å).

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 2012

Carcinoma arising in a thyroglossal duct cyst is a not common disease. It is detected in approximately 1% of thyroglossal duct cyst, therefore the clinical manifestation of the patient with carcinoma is undistinguishable from the common cystic lesion. Clinically, it may be confounded with a benign lesion and diagnosed after operation. The mainstream of treatment is the Sistrunk operation, however, there is no definite agreement regarding further treatment in addition to an excision of the cyst. The role of total thyroidectomy and the radioactive iodine therapy have been discussed for adjuvant treatment. We have experienced four cases of papillary carcinoma arising in thyroglossal duct cyst. In the three of the cases, the patients underwent Sistrunk operation, while the other one had additional total thyroidectomy and postoperative radioactive iodine therapy. There was no complication in the perioperative period and no signs of recurrence or metastasis during follow-up period.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.1519-1523
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• 2021

Radioactive iodine (¹³¹I) released from nuclear power plants has been a critical environmental concern for workers. The effective trapping of radioactive iodine isotopes from the off-gas stream generated from nuclear facilities is an important issue in radioactive waste treatment systems evaluation. Numerous studies on retaining methyl iodide (CH₃I¹³¹) by impregnated activated carbons under the high content of moisture have been extensively studied so far. But there have been no good results on how to remove methyl iodide at high humid conditions up to now. A new challenge is to introduce other promising impregnating chemical agents that are able to uptake enough radioactive methyl iodide under high humid conditions. In order to develop a good removal efficiency to control radioiodine gas generated from a high humid process, activated carbons (ACs) impregnated with triethylene diamine (TEDA) and qinuclidine (QUID) were prepared. In addition, the removal efficiencies of the activated carbons (ACs) under humid conditions up to 95% RH were evaluated by applying the standard method specified in ASTM-D3808. Quinuclidine impregnated activated carbon showed a much higher decontamination factor above 1,000, which is enough to meet the regulation index for the iodine filters in nuclear power plants (NPPs).

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.124-132
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• 1994

서론 : 방사성옥소는 갑상선암 환자에서 수술요법과 병용하여 많이 쓰이고 있으나 환자에 따라 방사성옥소 흡수량과 배설량, 암조직의 방사성옥소 섭취율이 차이가 나기 때문에 같은 양을 투여하더라도 치료효과나 부작용이 차이가 날 수 있다. 그러므로 본 연구에서는 체내 피폭된 물리적 선량을 측정하여 치료효과와 방사선영향의 정도를 비교하였다. 방법 : 수술요법을 시행한 분화된 갑상선암 환자 27명을 대상으로 하여 100mCi 150mCi, 200mCi의 방사성옥소를 투여하고 BEL DOSIMETRY PROTOCOL에 따라 방사선량을 구하고 반대수 용지위에 혈액 리터당 투여량에 대한 백분율의 로그값, 잔류량 백분율과 시간의 관계를 그래프로 그려 베타선량과 감마선량을 구한 뒤 총 물리학적 선량을 구하였다. 결과 : 1) 100mCi 투여군에서 물리적 선량은 평균 $56.54{\pm}13.02$ rad 이었고 150 mCi 투여군에서는 $76.83{\pm}19.97$ rad, 200mCi 투여군에서는 $95.08{\pm}25.51$ rad 이었고 각 평균값 사이에는 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 2) 48시간후 체내 잔류율은 평균 26.34% 이었다. 3) 전이여부와 물리적 선량과의 사이에 유의한 상관관계는 없었다. 4) 갑상선 글로불린과 갑상선 자극 호르몬, Thallium scan으로 추적 관찰한 19명중 17명이 치유되었다. 5) 백혈구, 림프구, 호중구, 혈소판 모두 4-6주에 최저치로 감소한뒤 3개월내에 회복되었다. 6) 물리적 선량과 생물학적 선량 사이에 유의한 상관관계는 없었다. 결론 : 우리나라에서 수술후 갑상선암의 치료에 통상적으로 사용하는 방사성옥소의 양(100-200mCi)은 일시적 골수부전과 경도의 염색체 이상을 초래하나 혈액내방사선 조사량이 안전용량 범위(200rad)에 속하며 48시간 후 체내잔류량은 서양인과 큰 차이가 없었다.