• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.15-24
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• 2012

Even though decision of coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction is important in analysis for pile under lateral load, the behavior of pile under lateral loading is estimated differently due to using established suggestion. Therefore this study estimates coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction by using Chang's method or numerical inverse analysis method with the result of lateral load test. Then this study investigates the adequacy and reliability for coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction. The analytical results of coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction with lateral load test showed that coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction with Chang's method was underestimated as compared with inverse analysis. Deformation modulus of foundation by Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges and Eo${\fallingdotseq}$1,400~1,600N showed similar range like range of coefficient of horizontal subgrade reaction with lateral load test.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.880-893
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• 2019

Objective: To assess the technical performance of two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) for measuring liver stiffness. Materials and Methods: The Ovid-MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies reporting the technical performance of 2D-SWE, including concerns with technical failures, unreliable measurements, interobserver reliability, and/or intraobserver reliability, published until June 30, 2018. The pooled proportion of technical failure and unreliable measurements was calculated using meta-analytic pooling via the random-effects model and inverse variance method for calculating weights. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore potential causes of heterogeneity. The pooled intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for interobserver and intraobserver reliability were calculated using the Hedges-Olkin method with Fisher's Z transformation of the correlation coefficient. Results: The search yielded 34 articles. From 20 2D-SWE studies including 6196 patients, the pooled proportion of technical failure was 2.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-3.9%). The pooled proportion of unreliable measurements from 20 studies including 6961 patients was 7.5% (95% CI, 4.7-11.7%). In the subgroup analyses, studies conducting more than three measurements showed fewer unreliable measurements than did those with three measurements or less, but no intergroup difference was found in technical failure. The pooled ICCs for interobserver reliability (from 10 studies including 517 patients) and intraobserver reliability (from 7 studies including 679 patients) were 0.87 (95% CI, 0.82-0.90) and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.95), respectively, suggesting good to excellent reliability. Conclusion: 2D-SWE shows good technical performance for assessing liver stiffness, with high technical success and reliability. Future studies should establish the quality criteria and optimal number of measurements.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.343-356
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• 2011

This paper proposes an accelerated life evaluation of drive shaft. The life test of drive shaft for independent suspension type AWD vehicle should be performed by use of the least test sample because many number of samples can't be used for the test because of its mass capacity and high price. We calculated the no failure test time by application of no failure test concept, and the already performed test data for drive shaft are applied for some kinds of reliability coefficients which are needed for calculation of life test time. And, for analysis of real driving condition of vehicle, the load spectrum is prepared using the needed road condition and vehicle data. The inverse power model is used for accelerated life test. The equivalent torque of load spectrum is achieved by use of Miner's Rule, and then the final accelerating condition is determined by decision of the accelerated test torque. This paper shows that the accelerated life test results corresponds with the target life and the proposed life test method can be very well applied to no failure life test for mass capacity machinery components.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.235-245
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• 2004

In this paper, fault tolerant mechanisms are presented for a servo manipulator system designed to operate in a hot cell. A hot cell is a sealed and shielded room to handle radioactive materials, and it is dangerous for people to work in the hot cell. So, remote operations are necessary to handle the radioactive materials in the hot cell. KAERI has developed a servo manipulator system to perform such remote operations. However, since electric components such as servo motors may fail by radiation, fault tolerant mechanisms have to be considered. For fault tolerance of the servo manipulator system, duplication mechanism increasing the reliability of the transport's driving motors and reconfiguration algorithm accommodating the slave's motor failure have been presented. The reconfiguration algorithm recovering the end effector's motion in spite of one motor's failure is based on control allocation redistributing redundant axes. The constrained optimization method and pseudo inverse method have been adopted for control allocation. Simulation examples and real test results have been presented to verify the Proposed methods.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.13-28
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• 2009

In this paper we propose a method for designing optimum degradation test based on nonlinear random-coefficients models. We use the approximated expression of the Fisher information matrix for nonlinear random-coefficients models. We apply the simplex algorithm to the inverse of the determinant of Fisher information matrix to satisfy the D-optimal criterion. By comparison of the results from PDP degradation data, we suggest a general guideline to obtain optimum experimental design for determining inspection intervals and number of samples in degradation testing.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.75-85
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• 2008

In this paper, we compared domestic with foreign pilot lamps installed on the instrument board or electronic modules (car audio, air-conditional system, etc.) of an automotive vehicle by an accelerated life test in order to estimate the life of domestic pilot lamps. An accelerated life test method was developed and the relation of the life and voltage stress was analyzed. The main results are as follows; i) $B_{10}$ life of pilot lamp is above 5,000 hours, vehicle travel time for 10 years. ii) the life of domestic pilot lamp is longer than that of foreign thing. iii) the life distribution of domestic pilot lamp is wider than that of foreign thing. iv) it is possible to promote import replacement of automobile pilot lamp.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.45-63
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• 2017

In this paper, we have formulated optimum Accelerated Life Test (ALT) plan for a parallel system with two independent components using masked data with ramp-stress loading scheme and Type-I censoring. Consider a system of two independent and non-identical components connected in parallel. Such a system fails whenever all of its components has failed. The exact component that causes the system to fail is often unknown due to cost and time constraint. For each parallel system at test, we observe its system's failure time and a set of component that includes the component actually causing the system to fail. The stress-life relationship is modelled using inverse power law, and cumulative exposure model is assumed to model the effect of changing stress. The optimal plan consists in finding out the optimum stress rate using D-optimality criterion. The method developed has been explained using a numerical example and sensitivity analysis carried out.

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.2-16
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• 2024

Various loads induced by marine environmental conditions, such as waves, currents, and wind, are crucial for the operation and viability of offshore wind power (OWP) systems. In particular, waves have a significant impact on the stress and fatigue load of offshore structures, and highly reliable design parameters should be derived through extreme value analysis (EVA) techniques. In this study, extreme wave analyses were conducted with various Weibull distribution models to determine the reliable design parameters of an OWP system suitable for the Ulsan area. Forty-three years of long-term hindcast data generated by a numerical wave model were adopted as the analyses data, and the least-squares method was used to estimate the parameters of the distribution function for EVA. The inverse first-order reliability method was employed as the EVA technique. The obtained results were compared among themselves under the assumption that the marginal probability distributions were 2p, 3p, and exponentiated Weibull distributions.

• Journal of Applied Reliability
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.193-200
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• 2018

Purpose: In this study, the life of the motor is investigated by performing the accelerated life test with the brush wear of the industrial cleaner motor as the main failure mode. Methods: The accelerating stress factor of the accelerated life test is a voltage, which can increase the number of revolutions of the motor to accelerate the brush wear due to the friction between the brush and the commutator. Also, the accelerating stress level was determined after determining the maximum allowable level of the voltage through the preliminary test. Results: The motor failure time at each accelerating stress level was predicted by regression analysis with brush wear length as performance degradation data. The main failure mode, which is brush wear, of the motor was reproduced by this test. The shape parameter of the Weibull distribution was confirmed to be the same statistically at all accelerating stress levels by the likelihood ratio test. Conclusion: The life of the motor was investigated by performing the accelerated life test with the brush wear of the industrial cleaner motor as the main failure mode. Through the accelerating test method of the cleaner motor, various life expectancy and life expectancy of the acceleration factor are predicted.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.421-424
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• 2004

As the deep sub-micron devices are recently integrated high package density, novel process method for sub $0.1{\mu}m$ devices is required to get the superior thin gate oxide characteristics and reliability. However, few have reported on the electrical quality and reliability on the thin gate oxide. In this paper I will recommand a novel shallow trench isolation structure for thin gate oxide $30{\AA}$ of deep sub-micron devices. Different from using normal LOCOS technology, novel shallow trench isolation have a unique 'inverse narrow channel effects' when the channel width of the devices is scaled down shallow trench isolation has less encroachment into the active device area. Based on the research, I could confirm the successful fabrication of shallow trench isolation(STI) structure by the SEM, in addition to thermally stable silicide process was achiever. I also obtained the decrease threshold voltage value of the channel edge and the contact resistance of $13.2[\Omega/cont.]$ at $0.3{\times}0.3{\mu}m^2$. The reliability was measured from dielectric breakdown time, shallow trench isolation structure had tile stable value of $25[%]{\sim}90[%]$ more than 55[sec].