• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.711-717
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• 2008

Anthocyanidins, the aglycones of anthocyanins, are natural colorants belonging to the flavonoid family. Cyanidin is one of the anthocyanidins, used for their antioxidant properties. Furthermore, previous studies have shown anthocyanidin-rich material extracts or aglycone form inhibit growth and induce apoptosis of cancer cells. But, Tumor metastasis is the most important cause of cancer death, and various treatment strategies have targeted on preventing the occurrence of metastasis. This study investigated the effects of cyanidin on metastasis processes, including motility, invasion and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines. We cultured MDA-MB-231 cells in presence of various concentrations 0, 5, 10 and 20 ${\mu}M$ of cyanidin. The cell motility was significantly decreased dosedependently in cells treated with cyanidin (p < 0.05) and cyanidin treatment caused the significant suppression of the invasion (p < 0.05). MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities, and MMP-9 mRNA express were not affected by anthocyanin treatment. In conclusion, cyanidin inhibits cell motility, invasion in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell lines.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.189-193
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• 2008

Objectives：The incidence of micropapillary thyroid carcinoma(MPC) which is very good prognosis is increasing due to ultrasonography and accurate fine neede aspiration cytology. MPC defined papillary thyroid carcinoma below 1cm. According to the size, histophaothogic feature is different, lymph node metastasis and capsular invasion occur occasionally. So, we consider different treatment according to the size of MPC. Matrials and Methods：We reviewed and analyzed the record of 216 MPC patients operated at department of general surgery Busan Paik Hospital since 1995 January to 2005 Desember retrospectively. Result：The sex ratio was 1：9.29(male；21, female；195). Total thyroidectomy 20cases(9.3%), subtotal thyroidectomy 141cases(65%), lobectomy 52cases(24%), completion operation 3cases(1.4%) were done. Combined diseases were follicular carcinoma 4cases, follicular adenoma 11cases, thyroiditis 46cases, nodular hyperplasia 44cases. Lymph node metastasis 56cases and capsular invasion 56cases were presented. Group A(<5mm) was 53cases, group B(5-10mm) was 163cases. Group B showed higher lymph node metastasis and capsular invasion(P<0.05). Multiple carcinoma Showed higher capsular invasion than single carcinoma (P<0.05). Complications were post operative bleeding 1case, husky voice 1case, hypocalcemia 1case. Conclusion：We can consider more extensive operation in 5-10mm of MPC patients.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In this study, the inhibitory effect of Erythronium japonicum extracts on the metastasis of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line was determined. MATERIALS/METHODS: Cells were cultured with DMSO or with 50, 75, 100 or $250{\mu}g/ml$ of Erythronium japonicum methanol or ethanol extract. RESULTS: Both methanol and ethanol extracts significantly inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Erythronium japonicum extracts inhibited the adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells. The invasion of breast cancer cells was suppressed by Erythronium japonicum extracts in a dose-dependent manner. The motility and MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were also inhibited by both methanol and ethanol extracts. CONCLUSIONS: Our results collectively indicate that Erythronium japonicum extracts inhibit the growth, adhesion, migration and invasion as well as induce the apoptosis of human breast cancer cells. Clinical application of Erythronium japonicum as a potent chemopreventive agent may be helpful in limiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.23
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• pp.10351-10354
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• 2015

Background: Rosa Roxburghii Tratt is a promising wild fruit crop in Southwest China. Its extracts have been used as traditional Chinese medicine, which benefit immune responses and cure various health disorders. However, whether Rosa Roxburghii Tratt polysaccharides could inhibit metastasis and invasion of ovarian cancer cells remains unknown. Materials and Methods: Effects of crude polysaccharides from Rosa Roxburghii Tratt on the viability of ovarian cancer A2780 cells were detected by MTT assay. Ovarian carcinoma cell migration and invasion after exposure to Rosa Roxburghii Tratt polysaccharides were quantified by wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. Western blotting was applied to assess protein levels of MMP-9. Results: The results indicated that Rosa Roxburghii Tratt polysaccharides significantly reduced wound closure rate of A2780 cells, inhibited their migration and invasion, and suppressed the expression of MMP-9. Conclusions: Our findings indicated that Rosa Roxburghii Tratt polysaccharides have potential for develop as anti-metastatic cancer drug preparations for ovarian cancer patients.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2019

Background: Oral cancer has a high incidence worldwide and has been closely associated with smoking, alcohol, and infection by the human papillomavirus. Metastasis is highly important for oral cancer survival. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid mediator that promotes various cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STATs) are transcription factors that mediate gene expression. Among the seven types of STATs in mammals, STAT3 is involved in invasion and metastasis of numerous tumors. However, little is known about the role of STAT3 in oral tumor invasion. In the present study, we hypothesized that STAT3 mediates LPA-induced oral cancer invasion. Methods: Immunoblotting was performed to analyze LPA-induced STAT3 activation. 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to assess the survival rates of YD-10B cells. STAT3 levels in LPA-treated oral tumor cells were evaluated by performing in vitro invasion assay. Results: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that LPA enhances STAT3 phosphorylation in oral cancer. In addition, treatment with WP1066, a selective inhibitor of STAT3, at a concentration that does not cause severe reduction in cell viability, significantly attenuated LPA-induced YD-10B cancer cell invasion. Conclusion: The results suggested that LPA induces oral tumor cells with greater invasive potential via STAT3 activation. Our findings provided important insights into the mechanisms underlying mouth neoplasms.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.630-635
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• 2015

Downregulation of olfactomedin-4 (OLFM4) is associated with tumor progression, lymph node invasion and metastases. However, whether or not downregulation of OLFM4 is associated with epigenetic silencing remains unknown. In this study, we investigate the role of OLFM4 in gastric cancer cell invasion. We confirm the previous result that OLFM4 expression is increased in gastric cancer tissues and decreases with an increasing number of metastatic lymph nodes, which are associated with OLFM4 promoter hypermethylation. Overexpression of OLFM4 in gastric cancer cells had an inhibitory effect on cell invasion. Furthermore, we found that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was negatively correlated with OLFM4 in regards to lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer tissues. Also, inhibition of FAK induced by OLFM4 knockdown resulted in a decrease in cell invasion. Thus, our study demonstrates that epigenetic silencing of OLFM4 enhances gastric cancer cell invasion via activation of FAK signaling.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.168.3-169
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• 2003

The matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) play important roles in invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis in various cell types. Tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease (TIMP)-2, an endogenopus inhibitor of MMP-2, has been shown to inhibit invasion and metastasis. We have previously shown that MMP-2 is responsible for the H-ras-induced invasive and migrative phenotypes in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. Here, we investigated the effect of TlMP-2 overexpression on invasion and migration in H-ras MCF10A cells. (omitted)

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2005

The present work was undertaken to evaluate the antimetastatic potential of capsaicin (8­methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) by measuring its effects on matrix metalloproteinase activity, cell invasion and lung metastasis. Significant inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity by capsaicin (100 $\mu$M) was detected by gelatin zymography. In vitro invasion assay showed capsaicin (50, 100 $\mu$M) reduced tumor cell invasion ($28-40\%$). Capsaicin (i.p., 2.5 mg/kg) inhibited development of lung colonization ($58\%$). These results suggest that capsaicin prevents metastasis in part through suppression of invasion of B16F10 melanoma cells by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-2 responsible for degradation of extracellular matrix.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.143-143
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• 2003

The matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) play important roles in invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis in various cell types. An endogenous inhibitor of MMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease-2 (TIMP-2), has high specificity for MMP-2. An imbalance between MMP-2 and TIMP-2 causes the degradation of the extracellular matrix associated with pathological events including invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis.(omitted)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.540-546
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• 2014

The high mortality rates associated with cancer reflect the metastatic spread of tumor cells from the site of their origin. Metastasis, in fact, is the cause of 90% of cancer deaths. Therefore, considerable effort is being made to inhibit metastasis. In the present study, we screened ketotifen for anti-migratory and anti-invasive activities against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cancer cells. Cancer cell migration and invasion were measured using multi-well chambers. Additionally, western blots were used to examine the effects of ketotifen on the expressions of CDC42, Rho, Rac, and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). The results showed that ketotifen dose-dependently suppressed the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and HT-1080 cells. Ketotifen also suppressed the expressions of CDC42, Rac, and Rho, which, significantly, are involved in MDA-MB-231 and HT-1080 cancer cell migration. Moreover, ketotifen suppressed the expression and activity of MMP-9, which is involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix leading to invasion. The overall data suggested that ketotifen suppresses the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and HT-1080 cancer cells via inhibition of CDC42, Rac, Rho, and MMP-9 expression.