• 제목/요약/키워드: intranasal administration

검색결과 61건 처리시간 0.027초

랫드를 이용한 Burkholderia pyrrocinia CAB08106-4의 급성경구, 호흡기, 정맥독성/병원성시험 (Acute Oral, Pulmonary and Intravenous Toxicity/Pathogenicity Testing of Burkholderia pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 of in Rats)

  • 권민;강태구;정창국;박철범
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.193-199
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    • 2013
  • Burkholderia pyrrocinia CAB08106-4은 Sclereotium cepivorum와 Sclereotium sp.균주에 의해 발생하는 마늘 흑색썩음균핵병에 대한 항박테리아 효능을 가지고 있다. 이는 Sclereotium cepivorum와 Sclereotium sp.에 의해 발생하는 마늘 흑색썩음균핵병을 포함한 다양한 식물병원체를 관리하고 예방하는데 있어 친환경적인 미생물 제품이다. 이번 시험의 목적은 Burkholderia pyrrocinia CAB08106-4를 경구, 호흡기, 정맥에 대한 단회투여 시의 급성독성 증상과 병원성을 비교하고 평가하고자 한다. 급성독성/병원성 시험에서 랫드를 3, 7, 14, 21일에 안락사하여 체내 미생물잔존상황을 관찰하였고, 투여 후 21일 동안 매일 임상증상 관찰과 체중증가량을 평가하였다. 이번 시험에서 전체 시험기간 동안 투여군에 있어서 사망례는 물론 시험물질 투여와 관련된 임상증상은 관찰되지 않았고 체중도 정상적으로 증가한 것으로 관찰되었다. 미생물의 체 내외 관찰결과에 있어서도 모든 군에서 미생물은 검출되지 않았으며, 생존동물을 부검 관찰한 병리소견에서도 Burkholderia pyrrocinia CAB08106-4 투여와 관련된 이상은 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 통해 급성경구, 급성호흡기 및 급성정맥 시험에서 투여된 미생물의 시험물질은 독성과 병원성에 문제가 없는 것으로 평가되었다.

Mucosal Immunization with Recombinant Adenovirus Encoding Soluble Globular Head of Hemagglutinin Protects Mice Against Lethal Influenza Virus Infection

  • Kim, Joo Young;Choi, Youngjoo;Nguyen, Huan H.;Song, Man Ki;Chang, Jun
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제13권6호
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    • pp.275-282
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    • 2013
  • Influenza virus is one of the major sources of respiratory tract infection. Due to antigenic drift in surface glycoproteins the virus causes annual epidemics with severe morbidity and mortality. Although hemagglutinin (HA) is one of the highly variable surface glycoproteins of the influenza virus, it remains the most attractive target for vaccine development against seasonal influenza infection because antibodies generated against HA provide virus neutralization and subsequent protection against the virus infection. Combination of recombinant adenovirus (rAd) vector-based vaccine and mucosal administration is a promising regimen for safe and effective vaccination against influenza. In this study, we constructed rAd encoding the globular head region of HA from A/Puerto Rico/8/34 virus as vaccine candidate. The rAd vaccine was engineered to express high level of the protein in secreted form. Intranasal or sublingual immunization of mice with the rAd-based vaccine candidates induced significant levels of sustained HA-specific mucosal IgA and IgG. When challenged with lethal dose of homologous virus, the vaccinated mice were completely protected from the infection. The results demonstrate that intranasal or sublingual vaccination with HA-encoding rAd elicits protective immunity against infection with homologous influenza virus. This finding underlines the potential of our recombinant adenovirus-based influenza vaccine candidate for both efficacy and rapid production.

플루마제닐의 경비 투여 (Clinical Trial of Nasal Flumazenil Administration)

  • 홍수진;김현정;염광원
    • 대한소아치과학회지
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    • 제28권3호
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    • pp.441-446
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    • 2001
  • 플루마제닐은 벤조다이아제핀계 약물의 길항제로서, 정주로를 통하여 체내에 투여된다. 그러나 정주로가 확보되지 않은 상태에서 플루마제닐의 길항작용이 필요할 때에는 정주로 이외의 체내 투여로가 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 미다졸람으로 심진정을 유도한 후 플루마제닐의 경비투여로 인한 의식 상태의 가역을 임상시험하였다. 성인남녀 25명을 대상으로 미다졸람을 소량씩 0.08mg/kg까지 투여하여 의식소실을 유도하였다. 미다졸람 투여 10분 후 플루마제닐 0.5mg을 1분 동안 주사기를 이용하여 천천히 경비투여하였다. 환자감시에는 심전도, 자동혈압계, 호기말 이산화 탄소분압 백박산소포화도 등을 사용하였다. 진정의 정도는 진정점수와 뇌파감시를 이용한 bispectral index로 평가하였다. 플루마제닐 투여 직전에 미다졸람과 플루마제닐의 혈중 농도를, 플루마제닐 투여 후 5, 10, 및 20분 후에 혈청 플루마제닐 농도를 측정하였다. 플루마제닐의 경비투여 후 완전한 길항효과를 나타낸 경우는 전체 25명 중 2명이었다. 혈청 플루마제닐의 농도는 투여 10분 후에 최고치에 도달하였고, 20분간 지속되었다. 진정점수는 미다졸람 투여 후 증가한 뒤 플루마제닐 투여 후 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 그러나 bispectral index는 미다졸람 투여 후 시간경과에 따라 유의하게 감소하였으나, 플루마제닐 투여후에는 유의 한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 결론적으로 0.1m/ml 농도의 플루마제닐 0.5mg 경비투여는 미다졸람으로 유도된 심진정시 길항효과가 완전하지 않았으나, 경비투여 후 혈액에서 플루마제닐의 농도측정이 가능하였다는 결과는 임상사용 가능성을 제시하며 정주용으로 사용되는 플루마제닐의 농도가 낮은 점을 보완할 수 있는 새로운 제재의 고안이 필요하다고 생각된다.lis 단독 배양시 ml당 $2.1\times10^8$ 이었으나, S. oralis와 4주의 분리균주 혼합 배양시 S. oralis는 $1.4\times10^7$ 내지 $7.0\times10^7$으로 감소되었다. 6. 3주의 분리균주로 부터 약 60 kb의 plasmid를 분리 할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 구강에서 분리된 E. durans는 S. mutans의 증식을 억제하여 인공치태 형성을 저지하였고, S. oralis의 증식은 약간 억제하였다.5), II군과 I군간에는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (p>0.05). 본 실험에서 시도한 두 가지 진정요법이 비교적 높은 임상적 치료 성공률(II군 : 97.14%, III군 : 88.57%)을 보여 만족할 만한 결과를 나타낸 것으로 평가되었다.tosan film보다 큰 수증기 투과도를 보였다.적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.y tissue layer thinning은 3 군모두에서 관찰되었고 항암 3 일군이 가장 심하게 나타났다. 이상의 실험결과를 보면 술전 항암제투여가 초기에 시행한 경우에는 조직의 치유에 초기 5 일정도까지는 영향을 미치나 7 일이 지나면 정상범주로 회복함을 알수 있었고 실험결과 항암제 투여후 3 일째 피판 형성한 군에서 피판치유가 늦어진 것으로 관찰되어 인체에서 항암 투여후 수술시기는 인체면역계가 회복하는 시기를 3주이상 경과후 적어도 4주째 수술시기를 정하는 것이 유리하리라 생각되었다.한 복합레진은 개발의 초기단계이며, 물성의 증가를 위한 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.또 다른 약물인 glycyrrhetinic acid($100{\mu}M$)도 CCh 자극으로 인한 타액분비를 억제하였다. 이상의

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Application of in situ gelling mucoadhesive delivery system for plasmid DNA as a macromolecule

  • Park, Jeong-Sook;Oh, Yu-Kyoung;Kim, Chong-Kook
    • 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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    • pp.236.1-236.1
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    • 2002
  • Mucosal administration of drug or therapeutic gene is emerging as a new route of delivery for systemic and local therapeutics. Previously. in situ gelling system has been applied to chemical drug such as acetaminophen. insulin. prostaglandin E1. and clotrimazole. Plasmid DNA has not been delivered in form of in situ gelling vehicles. To improve the intranasal absorption of plasmid DNA. we designed delivery systems composed of provide of in 냐셔 gelling and mucoadhesive polymers. (omitted)

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Stability, Efficacy, Absorption and Toxicity of a New Nasal Spray Formulation including Salmon Calcitonin

  • Shim, Hyun-Joo;Kim, Mi-Kyung;Bae, En-Joo;Lee, Eung-Doo;Hyun Jo;Kim, Soon-Hae;Kwon, Jong-Won;Kim, Won-Bae
    • 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
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    • pp.137-137
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    • 1998
  • Stability, efficacy, absorption and toxicity of a new nasal spray formulation including salmon calcitonin were studied in the laboratory animals. After the effects of many excipients on the stability of salmon calcitonin were evaluated using HPLC system, we selected taurine. Our experimental composition of salmon calcitonin contains taurine as a stabilizer and HPMC (hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose) as an adhesive polymer. After intranasal administration of salmon calcitonin formulations, Mia$\^$(R)/, Men$\^$(R)/ and experimental composition, 22 IU to rats, the reduction percentages of calcium concentration in plasma (ΔD%) were 16.3%, 12.9% and 20.8%, respectively. After intranasal administration of Mia$\^$(R)/, Men$\^$(R)/ and experimental composition to rats, C$\sub$MAX/ (205${\pm}$161, 244${\pm}$117, and 330${\pm}$202 pg/$m\ell$, respectively) and AUC (41585${\pm}$22070, 41191${\pm}$19125, and 63357${\pm}$43126 pg. min/$m\ell$, respectively) were calculated. The permeation coefficients 10$\^$-7/,cm/sec) of salmon calcitonin in Mia$\^$(R)/, Men$\^$(R)/ and experimental composition using Ussing chamber with rabbit nasal mucosa were 4.7${\pm}$1.5, 0.75${\pm}$0.4 and 5.3${\pm}$1.1, respectively. The experimental composition with taurine and HPMC was proved to be excellent because it improved the stability of salmon calcitonin and inhanced the absorption of salmon calcitonin and was not irritative to the nasal mucosa.

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뉴캣슬병 면역에 대한 검토 III. 예방접종 프로그램과 접종경노를 중심으로 한 뉴캣슬병 면역능 검토 (Studies on the Immunization Against Newcastle Disease III. Investions on the Immunity of Newcatle Disease with Special Reference to Vaccination Program and Route)

  • 이학철;정유열
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.77-89
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    • 1981
  • The experimental study was undertaken to confirm the effect of vaccination of birds with Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines on the Market by use of th. various vaccination programs. Sixteen groups of birds varying from 2 to f days of age, which were originated from hyper-immunised hens against ND were immunised by three different ways, a live vaccine only, a killed vaccine only, and the combination of a live and killed vaccine according to the each schedule of employed programs. In the administration of a live vaccine only, birds were immunized by one of following methods, the combination of intranasal and intraocular inoculation, intramuscular inoculation, via drinking water and the double inoculation by spray and drinking water application. Except for the double application, all the birds were vaccinated 2,3 or 4 times with two volumes of the virus dose (drinking water application) instructed by the commercial vaccine laboratory, until 21, 28 or 30 days of age, and all the immunized birds 19, 21 or 28 days postvaccination were challenged intramuscularly with 1.0$m\ell$ of 10,000 MLD per $m\ell$ of a virulent ND virus. In the administration of the combination of a live and killed vaccine, birds were immunized 2 or 3 times intranasally at first until 14 or 28 days of age with the same dose of the above experiment of a live vaccine, and then inoculated intramuscularly 1 or 2 times until 60 days of age with 1.0 $m\ell$ of a killed vaccine. And all immunized birds 11 days postvaccination were challenged with the same procedure of the above experiment. In the administration of a killed vaccine only, birds were immunized 3 times intramuscularly until 28 days of age with varied dose (0.2-0.5 $m\ell$) of a killed vaccine and all immunized birds 33 days postvaccination were challenged with the same procedure of the above experiment. The results obtained are summerised as follows: All birds vaccinated by using the combination of a live and killed vaccine program or a killed vaccin only appeared to be refractory. without any sign of illness, to the challenge exposure with 1.0$m\ell$ of 10,000 MLD per $m\ell$ of a virulent ND virus. On the other hand, the survival rates of birds of live vaccine groups immunized by a number of vaccine program such as Salsbury's day old program, 3-3-3 program, the Institute of Veterinary Reserch program and Multiple inoculation program, were 39.58%, 43.7%, 43.75% and 47.80%, respectively. And the survival rates of birds vaccinated with a live vaccine by 4 different ways of administration, i.e., double inoculation by water and aerosol application, intramuscular injection, intranasal instillation and via 4.inking water were 87.50%, 64.06%, 42.18% and 25.00%, respectively.

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Midazolam을 이용한 정주진정요법 (INTRAVENOUS SEDATION WITH MIDAZOLAM)

  • 이준석;김종수;김승오
    • 대한장애인치과학회지
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.142-146
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    • 2006
  • 환아의 연령, 과다체중, 환아의 약물 거부 등으로 인하여 chloral hydrate를 이용한 수면치료가 불가능한 경우, Midazolam을 이용한 정주진정요법이 전신마취를 대신하는 대안으로 사용될 수 있다. 본 환아의 경우, 0.3mg/kg의 midazolam을 근주하고, 70% 아산화질소 가스를 이용하여 초기 수면상태를 유도하고 정맥천자를 실시한 후, 0.2mg/kg midazolam을 정주하여 50분간 별다른 부작용 없이 성공적으로 치료할 수 있었다.

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흰쥐를 이용한 Granisetron함유 경비 투여제제의 평가 및 그 적용 (Nasal Administration of Granisetron to Rats)

  • 우종수
    • Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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    • 제36권6호
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    • pp.363-369
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    • 2006
  • Granisetron is a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist that is used therapeutically for the prevention of vomiting and nausea associated with emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Although this drug is commercially available for intravenous and oral dosage, there is a need for intranasal delivery formulations in specific patient populations in which the use of these dosage forms may be unfeasible and/or inconvenient. A rapid and specific high-performance liquid chromatography method with mass spectrometric detection(LC-MS) was developed and validated for the analysis of granisetron in plasma after nasal administration in rats. This method has been validated for concentrations ranging from 5 to 1000 ng/ml with simple treatment. This technique has high level reproducibility, accuracy, and sensitivity. The method described was found to be suitable for the analysis of all samples collected during preclinical pharmacokinetic investigations of granisetron in rats after nasal administration. This study was aimed to investigate the feasibility of nasal delivery of granisetron for the elimination of vomiting. The effects of osmolarity, dosage volume at the same dose and applied dose on the nasal absorption of granisetron in rats were observed. No significant difference in the effect of osmolarity and dosage volume at the same dose was observed. As the applied dose of granisetron in nasal formulation increased, the absorption increased linearly. Based on these results it appears that only the applied dose(drug mass) determines the nasal absorption of granisetron. The bioavailability of granisetron on nasal administration of 4 mg/kg appeared to be comparable to that of intravenous administration of the same dose. These results suggest that granisetron can be efficiently delivered nasally and the development of nasal formulation will be feasible.

개 전염성 기관기관지염에 대한 modified live vaccine의 방어효과 (Effects of the modified live vaccines against Bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza virus)

  • 박영일;노인순;한정희
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.57-70
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects of the modified live vaccines against canine Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) and canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV) in puppies by nasal administration. A total of 24 puppies were classified as 3 groups consisting of 8, and each one was divided into two subgroups; vaccinated (n=4) and unvaccinated (n=4). Group I, group II and group III were challenged with Bb, CPIV, and Bb+CPIV, respectively. In group I vaccinated puppies (n=4) were experimentally challenged with Bb 2 weeks after vaccination and unvaccinated puppies (n=4) were experimentally challenged with Bb alone. The same methods of the above were applied for group II and group III. We carried out several studies including serum tests, isolation, and histopathological examination. The vaccinated puppies showed higher antibody titers than unvaccinated puppies and the titer sustained during the experimental period. In the isolation test, recovery period was shorter in the vaccinated subgroup than in the other. In clinical signs, the unvaccinated puppies showed the typical signs of tracheobronchitis (coughing, nasal and occular discharge), but another subgroup showed delayed incidence and mild clinical signs. The typical gross lesions and histopathological findings were observed in the unvaccinated puppies. In immunohistochemical findings, the vaccinated puppies showed little intensive in reaction for CPIV antigen than the other. It could be concluded that intranasal vaccination of modified live Bb and CPIV vaccine to puppies is effective to prevent canine infectious tracheobronchitis.

A Moonlighting Protein Secreted by a Nasal Microbiome Fortifies the Innate Host Defense Against Bacterial and Viral Infections

  • Gwanghee Kim;Yoojin Lee;Jin Sun You;Wontae Hwang;Jeewon Hwang;Hwa Young Kim;Jieun Kim;Ara Jo;In ho Park;Mohammed Ali;Jongsun Kim;Jeon-Soo Shin;Ho-Keun Kwon;Hyun Jik Kim;Sang Sun Yoon
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.31.1-31.18
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    • 2023
  • Evidence suggests that the human respiratory tract, as with the gastrointestinal tract, has evolved to its current state in association with commensal microbes. However, little is known about how the airway microbiome affects the development of airway immune system. Here, we uncover a previously unidentified mode of interaction between host airway immunity and a unique strain (AIT01) of Staphylococcus epidermidis, a predominant species of the nasal microbiome. Intranasal administration of AIT01 increased the population of neutrophils and monocytes in mouse lungs. The recruitment of these immune cells resulted in the protection of the murine host against infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogenic bacterium. Interestingly, an AIT01-secreted protein identified as GAPDH, a well-known bacterial moonlighting protein, mediated this protective effect. Intranasal delivery of the purified GAPDH conferred significant resistance against other Gram-negative pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii) and influenza A virus. Our findings demonstrate the potential of a native nasal microbe and its secretory protein to enhance innate immune defense against airway infections. These results offer a promising preventive measure, particularly relevant in the context of global pandemics.