• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권10호
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• pp.1528-1534
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• 2010

건강웰빙식품의 하나로서 수요가 증가하고 있는 새싹채소는 미생물학적 관점에서 안전성 확보방안이 요구되고 있다. 따라서 새싹채소의 병원성 미생물을 제거하기 위해 적무종자의 발아 전 침지동안 종자 소독처리에 따른 미생물 제어 효과와 발아율을 평가하였다. L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111가 3~4 log CFU/g의 농도로 접종된 적무 종자는 20,000 ppm calcium hypochlorite, 50 ppm과 100 ppm 염소수, 오존수, 전해산화수 및 전해환원수로 처리하였으며, 증류수에 침지시킨 종자를 대조군과 비교하였다. 발아율은 각 처리군에 대해 48시간 동안 조사하였다. 일반세균과 L. monocytogenes 모두 20,000 ppm calcium hypochlorite에 침지 후 3 logs 이상의 가장 큰 감소효과를 보였고, 염소수, 전해산화수와 전해환원수 침지 후 일반세균과 L. monocytogenes 수는 각각 3 logs와 2 logs 감소되었으며, 염소수와 오존수를 제외하고는 온도변화에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 종자 발아 후 일반세균 수는 모든 처리군에서, L. monocytogenes 수는 염소수 50 ppm과 오존수를 제외한 모든 처리군에서 대조군보다 유의하게 낮았으며, 염소수 100 ppm을 제외하고는 온도변화에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 발아율은 48시간 후 calcium hypochlorite(82.3~84.8%)를 제외하고 다른 모든 소독제 처리 시 93.5~97.7%로 나타났으며 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 이 연구에서 사용된 소독제 처리가 적무 종자에 접종된 L. monocytogenes를 완전히 사멸시키지는 못했지만, 발아 동안 재배수의 소독처리가 추가 병행된다면 생존한 균의 급속한 성장을 지연시킬 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한척추외과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.147-153
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• 2018

연구 계획: 후향적 사례분석 목적: 보존적 치료에 반응하지 않는 증후성 쉬모를 결절에서 신경절 이후 신경차단술의 임상 결과를 후향적으로 평가하고자 하였다. 선행 연구문헌의 요약: 쉬모를 결절은 대부분 우연히 발견되는 무증상의 추체내 병변으로 알려져 있으나, 때로 중증의 축성요통의 원인이며, 삶의 질에 상당한 영향을 미친다고 보고되고 있다. 증후성 쉬모를 결절에 대한 치료법에 대해서 아직까지 명확한 합의는 없다. 대상 및 방법: 2015년 10월부터 2017년 10월까지 4주간 약물치료, 침상안정 및 물리치료 등의 보존적 치료에 반응하지 않으면서, 자기공명영상 검사 상증후성 쉬모를 결절로 진단된 총 21명의 환자를 대상으로 신경절 이후 신경차단술을 시행하였다. 시술 후 4시간, 4주, 8주, 3개월 및 6개월에 시각 통증 척도(VAS)와 Oswestry disability index (ODI)를 통해 효과적인 통증 완화(시술 전 대비 50% 이상의 요통 호전) 및 기능 척도의 호전을 평가하였다. 결과: 증후성 쉬모를 결절은 제 2-3요추 부위에서 호발 하였으며, 상부 종판에 비해 하부 종판의 침범이 많이 관찰되었다. 총 21명의 환자 중 18명의 환자에서(85.7%) 효과적인 통증 완화를 보였으며, 추시 기간 내 재 악화 소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 전체 추시 기간 동안 시술 전 대비 VAS는 유의하게 호전되었다(p<0.05). 전례에서 시술 후 합병증은 보고되지 않았다. 결론: 보존적 치료에 반응하지 않는 증후성 쉬모를 소결절에서 신경절 이후 신경차단술은 통증 호전을 위한 좋은 비침습적 치료법 중 하나이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.241-250
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• 1997

목 적 : 결핵에 대한 국가결핵관리사업이 시작된 이후 결핵의 점차적으로 감소하고 있기는 하나 최근에 다제내성균결핵환자가 심각할 정도로 증가하고 있다. 다제내성균결핵은 기존의 항결핵제에 잘 반응하지 경향이 있으며 이는 낮은 치료순응도, 2차약제의 높은 부작용 그리고 사용할 수 있는 약제의 수가 많지않은 때문으로 생각된다. 본 연구의 목적은 일개 국립결핵병원에서 입원치료중인 결핵환자의 임상양태를 살펴보고 기존의 결핵치료의 문제점을 파악하여 궁극적으로 다제내성균결핵을 포함한 결핵의 치료효율을 개선시키고자 함이다. 방 법 : 1995년 12월 30일을 기준시점으로 국립마산결핵병원에 임원한 환자 336명을 대상으로 성별 및 나이, 처음결핵을 발견하게된 계기, 가족력, 환자의 생활근거지의 지역별 분포, 과거결핵치료력 등의 역학적 조사와 입원 당시의 주증상, 흉부 X-선 사진상의 병소별 분포, 동반질환 그리고 결핵치료중에 발생한 부작용등 임상양태에 대한 조사와 입원전 사용한 약제별 분류와 약제감수성검사의 결과 등에 대해 descriptive cross-sectional study를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 연령별 분포는 20대에서 50대까지 고른 분포를 보였으며 성별로는 남자가 269예로 압도적으로 많았다. 발견계기별 분포는 보건소가 64.6%로 가장 높았다. 입원당시 주증상으로는 체중감소가 가장 흔했으며 다음으로는 기침, 호흡곤란 등의 순서였다. 흉부 X-선 사진상 병소별 분포는 양측성 병소를 가진 예가 201예로 가장 많았다. 동반질환을 가진 경우가 130예 였는데 그 중 당뇨가 49예로 가장 많았으며 다음으로는 간질환, 정신질환 등의 순서였다. 95예에서 가족력이 있었는데 부모가 결핵을 앓았던 경우가 40예로 가장 많았으며 다음으로는 형제, 부부 등의 순서였다. 결핵을 처음 진단받은 시기별 분포에서 1980년 이전은 31예 였으나 이후 최근으로 오면서 약간씩 증가하는 추세였다. 지역별 분포로는 부산, 경남지역이 압도적으로 많았다. 과거치료력을 가진 258예중 1회의 치료력을 가진 경우는 86예, 2회가 60예 그리고 3회이상이 112예 였다. 과거치료력을 가진 환자의 약제순응도별 분포는 133예만이 규칙적으로 복약하였다. 입원전 사용한 약제별 분포는 INH, EMB, RFP, PZA 등을 사용한 경우가 82예, INH, EMB, RFP 등을 사용한 경우가 50예 였으며 INH, EMB, RFP, PZA 이외 1가지 약제를 더 사용한 경우는 20예, 3가지 이상의 약제를 더 사용한 경우는 97예 였다. 154예를 대상으로 약제감수성검사를 한 결과 5제 이상 내성이 생긴 경우가 77예 였다. 치료도중 발생한 부작용으로는 위장장애가 58예로 가장 많았으며 다음으로는 피부발진 및 소양감 그리고 관절통 등의 순서였다. 결 론 : 원인 모를 체중감소가 있을 때에는 결핵을 의심해 볼 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 결핵을 치료할 때 환자에게 결핵의 치료과정에 대해 충분한 설명을 해 줌으로 치료의 순응도를 높일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 초치료시 균음전화시기가 늦다든지, 여러가지 상황으로 치료에 실패 할 가능성이 높다든지 환자의 여건상 지속적인 항결핵제 투여가 어렵다고 생각될 때는 수술요법이 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. 초치료실패후 재치료약제를 선택할 때는 이전에 사용한 초치료약제와 혼용처방이 되지않도록 주의해야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.321-326
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• 2005

가와사끼병은 주로 소아연령에서 발생하는 급성 열성 혈관염으로 관상동맥의 확장이 치명적 합병증으로 나타날 수 있다. 저자들은 3개월된 영아에서 반복적인 정맥용 면역글로불린, 스테로이드, 경구용 methotrexate의 치료에도 불구하고 진행되는 관상동맥 병변으로 다발성 거대 관상류, 협착 및 관상동맥 내 혈전을 보이며 심전도상 심근 허혈 소견과 함께 심장 자기공명영상에서 좌심실의 확장과 전벽 및 중격의 심한 운동저하를 나타낸 증례를 보고한다. 환아는 보존적 요법에 반응하지 않는 관상동맥병변으로 내원 88일째 수술적으로 우측 거대관상동맥류를 절개하고 Gore-tex tube를 삽입하여 각각의 측부순환과 연결하였으며, 좌측 관상동맥 협착부위는 세로로 절개한 후 심장막 반(pericardial patch)을 삽입, 확장하였으나, 수술 후 심폐부전으로 사망하였다.

• 대한간호
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.63-75
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• 1995

The need of oriental nursing role is recently increasing. The implication of this trend is enormous not only for the need of independent of independent oriental nursing intervention. Hence, this study was designed to describe the characteristics of oriental nursing activity and identify the meaning of nursing activity in oriental hospital. A total of 24 nurses were selected by convenience sampling from eight units at one oriental hospital. A total of 168 data were collected using minute-by-minute recording during nurse s work shift. The data were analyzed using nova and scheffe method as post-hoc test The results of this study are as follows; 1. the category of nursing activity in oriental hospital 74.4% of nursing activity was the patient-oriented nursing care. The nursing activity included others (18.28%), the function-oriented nursing care (7.07%), and staff-oriented care (0.2%). 29.1 % of the patient-oriented nursing care was the direct care, and 24. 5 % of the patient-oriented nursing care was the indirect care. There was a lack of patient education and the communication patient. 2. Nursing activity in oriental hospital by characteristics 1) Nursing activity by unit For patient-oriented nursing care, there was a statistically significant difference among 8 units. In the critical care unit, the patient-oriented nursing care was mostly performed. For function-oriented nursing care, there was statistically significant difference among 8 units. In the physical therapy unit, the function-oriented nursing care was mostly performed. 2) Nursing activity in oriental hospital For all kinds of nursing activity, there was a statistically significant difference between shifts. In night shift patient-oriented nursing care, function-oriented nursing care, and other kinds of nursing care was mostly performed. Patient-oriented nursing care included indirect care, treatment set management, and the breaktime. In day shift, staff-oriented nursing care was performed. 3) Nursing activity in oriental hospital For all kinds of nursing activity, there was not a statistically significant difference by day. The day has not impact on nursing activity. 3. the meaning of activity in oriental hospital The results of this study show that the patient-oriented care was vital check, input! output check, medication, bedsore prevention, nasogastric feeding, oral care, catheterization care, perinatal care, nursing care associated with acupuncture and moxacautery, observation (fever, sweating), heat and cold application communication with patent and family, and patient room management In conclusion, two issues associated with the findings of the research appeated to be involved in the difficulty of nursing activity in hospital. The first issue was the nursing care in oriental hospital provided by nurses who have a limited understading of the principles of oriental medicine. The second issue was the deficiency of systematic guideling for oriental nursing activity. The findings suggest the need to develop the systematic guideline for oriental nursing activity. The need of continuing education for nurses who work in the oriental hospital, and the need of nursing education including oriental nursing are critical.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.767-773
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• 2004

Substantial evidence suggests that repeated injections of nicotine produce increase in locomotor activity and expression of the immediate-early gene, c-fos in the dopaminergic target areas. Herbal medicine as a therapeutic intervention has been widely used for the treatment of mental dysfunction. Many studies have shown that Cortex Phellodendris (CP) can affect the biochemical balance in the central nervous system. In order to investigate whether CP have an influence on their nicotine-induced behavioral sensitization, we examined the effect of CP on nicotine-induced locomotor activity and c-Fos expression in the striatum and nucleus accumbens utilizing the Fos-like immunohistochemistry (FLI). Male SD rats received CP (200㎎/㎏, i.p.) 30 min before repeated daily injections of nicotine (0.4㎎/㎏, s.c.) for 7 days. Rats were followed withdrawal for 3 days and one challenge for 1 day. System challenge with nicotine produced a much larger increase in locomotor activity and accumbal FLI. Pretreatment with CP significanly inhibited nicotine-induced locomotor activity and FLI in the striuatum and nucleus accumbens. These results demonstrated that reduction in locomotor activity by CP may be reflected by reduction of dopamine release and postsynaptic neuronal activity in the striatum and nucleus accumbens. Our results suggest that CP may have therapeutic effect on nicotine addiction. Supported by a fund (99-PJ9-PG1-002-0004).

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.294-304
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• 2008

Purpose: Cancer patients experience a range of physical and psychological sequelae. Consistent nursing support should be provided along the cancer treatment path. This study aimed to i)examine the effects of a telephone counseling program after discharge on perceived health, psychological well-being, and satisfaction with nursing services, and ii)describe symptom distress and their coping methods. Method: The study was a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent pre-post test. The sample included 20 women with gynecologic cancer in the experimental group and the same in the control group from a university hospital in Seoul. The telephone intervention was given once from 5 to 7 days after the chemotherapy. The General Well-Being Schedule and Symptom Distress Scale were used. Result: An effect from telephone counseling was found only in the vitality subscale of psychological well-being. Other subscores, perceived health, or satisfaction with nursing services did not differ between the two groups. Pain, skin change, decreased appetite, and constipation were the major symptoms and a relatively few coping strategies were utilized. Conclusion: Protocol of telephone counseling led by a nurse needs to be further developed in regard to best timing, amount, and target effects for follow-up care of gynecologic cancer patients.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2008

Hospice should help a patient maintain spiritual well-being and its attitudes toward death can have great effects on treatment and nursing of patients on terminal patient. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in spiritual well-being and attitudes toward death due to taking a Hospice Subject in Nursing Students This is a comparative study design in which 31 senior nursing students of taking a hospice care subject and 27 senior nursing students of not taking a hospice care subject in college of nursing K university, that is located B metropolitan city in Korea. The instruments for spiritual well-being measuring tools was Kim's (2006) revision and complement of the translation by Choe (1990) on the basis of the spiritual well-being scale developed by Paloutzian and Ellison (1983). The instruments for attitudes toward death was researches revision and complement of the translation by Kim(1992) on the basis of the attitudes toward death Measuring Tool developed by Thorson and Powell (1988). Data were collected from June 1 through June 30, 2006; the researcher got permission from the subjcts, explained objectives of the research to subjects personally and got their permission, and distributed structured questionnaires to make a response in a self-administered basis. For data analysis, an SPSS WINDOWS 12.0 program was used for frequency, percentage, the mean, standard deviation, the minimum, the maximum, x2-test, ANCOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficients. The main results of this research are as follows: 1. There were no differecnces the degree of spiritual well-being and the degree of attitudes toward death between nursing students who took a hospice subject and nursing students who did not take a hospice Subject, except several items of attitudes toward death. There was significant positive correlation (r= .508, p= .000) between subjects spiritual well-being and attitudes toward death. That is, the higher spiritual well-being, the more positive attitudes toward death. In conclusion, although there were no differecnces spiritual well-being and attitudes toward death between nursing students who took a hospice care subject and nursing students who did not take a hospice care subject, in nursing students, spiritual well-being was relatively high and their attitudes toward death was relatively positive. To help a nursing students make a positive change in attitudes toward death, a nursing intervention program is necessary to improve spiritual well-being.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권6호
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• pp.486-492
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• 2012

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze clinical situations requiring rigid bronchoscopy and evaluate usefulness of rigid bronchoscopic intervention in benign or malignant airway disorders. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 29 patients who underwent rigid bronchoscopy from November 2007 to February 2011 at St. Paul's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea School of Medicine. Results: Of the 29 patients, the most frequent underlying etiology was benign stenosis of trachea (n=20). Of those 20 patients, 16 had post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS), 2 had tracheal stenosis due to inhalation burn (IBTS) and other 2 had obstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane (OFTP). Other etiologies were airway malignancy (n=6), endobronchial stenosis due to tuberculosis (n=2), and foreign body (n=1). For treatment, silicone stent insertion was done in 16 cases of PITS and IBTS and mechanical removal was performed in 2 cases of OFTP. In 6 cases of malignant airway obstruction mechanical debulking was performed and silicone stents were inserted additionally in 2 cases. Balloon dilatation and electrocautery were used in 2 cases of endobronchial stenosis due to tuberculosis. In all cases of stent, airway obstructive symptom improved immediately. Granulation tissue formation was the most common complication. Conclusion: Tracheal stenosis was most common indication and silicone stenting was most common procedure of rigid bronchoscopy in our center. Rigid bronchoscopic procedures, at least tracheal silicone stenting, should be included in pulmonary medicine fellowship programs because it is a very effective and indispensable method to relieve critical airway obstruction which needs training to learn.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.56-66
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to test that complex motor training enhance motor function significantly, to test change in cerebellum, and to test the synaptic plasticity into the immunohistochemistry response of synaptophysin. Using an animal model of fetal alcohol syndrome - which equates peak blood alcohol concentrations across developmental period - the effects of alcohol on body weight during periods were examined. The effect of complex motor training on motor function and synaptic plasticity of rat exposed alcohol on postnatal days 4 through 10 were studied. Newborn rats were assigned to one of two groups: (1) normal group (NG), via artificial rearing to milk formula and (2) alcohol groups (AG), via 4.5 g/kg/day of ethanol in a milk solution. After completion of the treatments, the pups were fostered back to lactating dams, where they were raised in standard cages (two-and three animals per cage) until they were postnatal 48 days. Rats from alcohol group of postnatal treatment then spent 10 days in one of two groups: Alcohol-experimental group was had got complex motor training (learning traverse a set of 6 elevated obstacles) for 4 weeks. The alcohol-control group was not trained. Before consider replacing with "the experiment/study", (avoid using "got" in writing) the rats were examined during four behavioral tests and their body weights were measured, then their coronal sections were processed in rabbit polyclonal antibody synaptophysin. The synaptophysin expression in the cerebellar cortex was investigated using a light microscope. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The alcohol groups contained significantly higher alcohol concentrations than the normal group. 2. The alcohol groups had significantly lower body weights than the normal group. 3. In alcohol groups performed significantly lower than the normal group on the motor behavioral test. 4. In alcohol-control group showed significantly decreased immunohistochemistric response of the synaptophysin in the cerebellar cortex compared to the nomal group. These results suggest that improved motor function induced by complex motor training after postnatal exposure is associated with dynamically altered expression of synaptophysin in cerebellar cortex and that is related with synaptic plasticity. Also, these data can potentially serve as a model for therapeutic intervention.