• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제39C권12호
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• pp.1352-1361
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• 2014

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which regulates interstate and international communications in the United States, has established a plan to allocate high demand spectrum to the usage of mobile communication by inducing voluntary relinquishment from broadcasters. This plan was introduced by the National Broadband Plan as an incentive auction in 2010. The FCC suggested the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) in 2012 and issued Report and Order (R&O) on May 2014 regarding the overall rules of incentive auctions expected to be implemented in mid-2015. The incentive auction attracts the attention of many countries because this policy suggests a novel approach regarding the alteration of use from an inefficient usage to an efficient usage in limited spectrum resources. In this paper, we define the key issues in order for implementation of incentive auction. Since the incentive auction is a highly complicated process compared to previous allocation procedures, a careful review of the incentive auction regarding whether this spectrum policy can be introduced is required. In this paper, we describe the detailed procedure of the incentive auction and present policy considerations for the introduction of the incentive auction.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2007년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.2039-2043
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• 2007

Like other major river basin systems in the West of the United States the Platte River Basin are faced with the challenges of allocating more water for plant and animal species. A part of the Central Platte River was designated as critical habitat for the whooping crane in 1978. The water allocation system in the Platte River Basin is dominated by the Prior Appropriation Doctrine, which allocates water according to the priorities based on the date of water use. The Platte River Basin segregated into five subregions for purpose of analysis. 24 years of historic records of monthly flow and all the demands were complied. The simulation of river basin modeling includes physical operation of the system including water allocation by water rights and interstate compact agreements, reservoir operations, and diversion with consumptive use and return flow. MODSIM, a generalized river basin network model, was used for estimating the timing and magnitude of impacts on river flows and diversions associated with water transfers from each region. A total of 20 alternatives were considered, covering transfers from each of the five regions of basin with several options. The result shows that the timing and availability of augmented water at the critical habitat is not only a function of use by junior appropriators, but also of river losses, and timing of return flows.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.255-263
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• 1993

The demand of safety assessment for pesticide residues in foods is growing in Korea. In order to assess the actual dietary exposure toward pesticide residues, the problems in utilization of pesticide residue data were reviewed and optimization of food factors applicable to Korean population was conducted. The problems and current status in setting pesticide residue tolerance-domestic and foreign-in foods were also argued. The conclusion is summarized as follows: (1) Anticipated residue estimates(ARE) calculated from field trial residue data, the percentage of crop treated, and the effects of cooking or processing should be utilized for dietary exposure assessment in a real sense. (2) Average daily intake of total foods per person in Korea was 1,104g in 1970's and 1,240g in 1980's. Much variation was observed between the two decades by food commodities. (3) Pesticide residue tolerances in Korea have been established at relatively lower levels in comparison with FAO/WHO or western countries. More extensive studies and data accumulation as related to tolerance setting are called for in future for the sake of health protection and smooth interstate trade.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 웨이블릿 영역에서 이변수 가우스 확률밀도함수를 이용하여 잡음을 효과적으로 제거하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문의 방법은 웨이블릿 영역의 스케일간의 관계에 대한 통계적 모델을 이변수 가우스 확률분포로 설정하고, 이에 대한 베이즈 추정법을 통하여 잡음 제거를 수행한다. 베이즈 추정법을 위한 통계 파라메터는 $H{\ddot{o}}lder$ 부등식을 이용하여 근사적으로 추정한다. 실험 결과를 통하여 본 논문의 방법이 기존의 이변수 사전 확률모델을 이용한 잡음 제거 방법에 비하여 우수한 결과를 보여 준다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국위험물학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2018

This study aims to provide a methodological framework to estimate the travel demand of hazardous materials transporting vehicles by link and analyze daily traffic patterns on an expressway to develop safety roadway management strategies. Traffic volume of hazardous material vehicles is counted through the on-site investigation at twenty-five tollgates on the expressway, and their demands by a link are predicted through origin-destination flows estimation. The result shows that the number of the domestic hazardous materials vehicles is approximately 51,207 vehicles per day and it indicates that hazardous materials transport vehicles account for 1.5% of total daily traffic on the internal expressway and 6.2% of total cargo traffic volumes. This study roughly estimated how many hazardous materials vehicles pass through the expressway segment. Thus it is expected to be utilized for establishing a systematic highway management strategy in the future by calculating the traffic volume of the hazardous material vehicles traveling on the interstate expressway.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.283-293
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• 2022

One of the important areas of state policy in the socio-economic and cultural development of the country is cultural diplomacy. It contributes to the information dissemination about the country, strengthens interstate relations, and forms a positive image. Through cultural diplomacy, we achieve a positive perception of the world community of the country, determined by its place in the modern system of international relations. The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of cultural diplomacy opportunities for sustainable development at different levels of public relations, as well as the impact of cultural diplomacy opportunities on the indicators of the Global Sustainable Competitiveness Index and the Global Sustainable Development Index. Regarding the results of the research on the impact of cultural diplomacy opportunities on the indicators of the Global Index of Sustainable Competitiveness and the Global Index of Sustainable Development, four groups are identified among the countries of the European Union: countries with a very high level of sustainable competitiveness and sustainable development; countries with a high level of sustainable competitiveness and sustainable development; countries with low levels of sustainable competitiveness and sustainable development.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 미시적 교통 시뮬레이션 모형을 이용하여 대표적인 트럭관리전략 중에 하나인 트럭차로이용제한 전략의 대안을 다양한 효과 척도를 통해 평가하였다. 본 연구에서는 먼저 트럭차로 이용제한 전략이 어떠한 교통 조건, 기하구조 조건에서 긍정적인 효과를 보일 지에 대한 이해를 제공한다. 이를 위해 다양한 수준의 교통수요와 트럭비율을 주요 영향 인자로 설정하여 시뮬레이션 분석을 시행하였다. 결과적으로 본 전략이 효과를 보이기 위해서는 최대 교통류율이 1,300대/시/차로 이상 이거나 트럭차량이 전체 교통량에서 차지하는 비율이 적어도 10% 이상 되어야 한다는 것이다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 미국에서 가장 트럭교통량이 많은 곳 중에 하나는 710 고속도로 북쪽 방향 23마일 구간에 대해 시행 가능한 트럭차로 이용제한 대안 별로 영향 분석을 시행하였다. 결과적으로, 트럭차량이 많이 포함되어 교통이 혼잡할 때에는 편도 4차로 중 왼쪽 2차로에 대한 트럭통행을 제한한 경우 교통 흐름이 향상되고 차량 당 평균 연료 소비량이 가장 적은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 통해, 트럭차량 통행 제한차로수의 결정은 또한 이러한 전략의 성공에 중요한 역할을 하는 요소임을 증명하였다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.143-160
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• 2016

공적개발원조는 무역, 해외 직접투자, 해외 송금 등과 마찬가지로 국가 간 경계를 넘는 일종의 국제적인 금융 행위이다. 공적개발원조의 수행은 일정한 목적이 있으며, 여러 가지 목적 가운데 정치적 목적은 중요한 요인으로 고려되었다. 이에 따르면, 공적개발원조는 정치적인 것이며, 공적개발원조의 수행은 이를 제공하는 행위자가 지정학을 실천하는 하나의 형태라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 한국의 공적개발원조 정책을 둘러싸고 구성되는 지정학적 담론과 그 특징을 분석하였다. 특히 정책에 강한 영향력을 행사할 수 있는 행위자와 관련된 현실지정학에 주목하였고, 국회회의록을 분석하여 '인도주의 실천', '발전 모형의 전형', '시장 개척', '글로벌 지정학의 변화에 대한 대응'이라는 지정학적 담론을 도출하였다. 지정학적 담론은 원조 정책을 대내외적으로 합리화하는 과정에서 만들어졌고, 동시에 같은 목적으로 이용되었다. 이 과정에서, 선진국과 개발도상국은 대립적이고 전형적이며 고정적인 이미지로 재현되었다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.170-178
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• 2014

지금까지 교통사고발생과 기하구조와의 관계파악을 위한 모형정립에 관한 연구가 많이 이루어져 왔다. 이러한 연구들은 도로선형, 기하구조의 개선 혹은 위험구간 선정 등에 사용되어 교통사고 건수 및 사고심각도를 줄이는데 기여를 하여왔다. 하지만, 모형정립에 사용되었던 변수들은 자료수집 부족 등의 이유로 변수 혹은 대상구간이 가지고 있는 기하구조의 비동질성을 고려하지 못한 측면이 있었으며, 이는 모형 정립시 계수의 표준오차값이 과소 추정되어 모형전체의 신뢰성에 영향을 미쳐왔다. 따라서, 이번 연구에서는 사용되는 변수의 비동질성 고려가 모형의 결과에 미치는 영향을 알아봄으로써, 비동질성의 중요성을 파악하고자 하는데 목적이 있다. 그 결과, 모든 기하구조에 대한 비동질성을 고려하지는 못하였으나, 몇몇 사용된 기하구조 변수들의 경우, 의미 있는 결과가 도출되었다.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.145-161
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• 2014

Recently, many large organizations have multiple data sources (MDS') distributed over different branches of an interstate company. Local patterns analysis has become an effective strategy for MDS mining in national and international organizations. It consists of mining different datasets in order to obtain frequent patterns, which are forwarded to a centralized place for global pattern analysis. Various synthesizing models [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,26] have been proposed to build global patterns from the forwarded patterns. It is desired that the synthesized rules from such forwarded patterns must closely match with the mono-mining results (i.e., the results that would be obtained if all of the databases are put together and mining has been done). When the pattern is present in the site, but fails to satisfy the minimum support threshold value, it is not allowed to take part in the pattern synthesizing process. Therefore, this process can lose some interesting patterns, which can help the decider to make the right decision. In such situations we propose the application of a probabilistic model in the synthesizing process. An adequate choice for a probabilistic model can improve the quality of patterns that have been discovered. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive study on various probabilistic models that can be applied in the synthesizing process and we choose and improve one of them that works to ameliorate the synthesizing results. Finally, some experiments are presented in public database in order to improve the efficiency of our proposed synthesizing method.