• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1393-1400
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• 2018

Objective: This study was carried out to assess the haplotype diversity and population dynamics in cattle populations of Ethiopia. Methods: We sequenced the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 76 animals from five indigenous and one Holstein Friesian${\times}$Barka cross bred cattle populations. Results: In the sequence analysis, 18 haplotypes were generated from 18 segregating sites and the average haplotype and nucleotide diversities were $0.7540{\pm}0.043$ and $0.0010{\pm}0.000$, respectively. The population differentiation analysis shows a weak population structure (4.55%) among the populations studied. Majority of the variation (95.45%) is observed by within populations. The overall average pair-wise distance ($F_{ST}$) was 0.049539 with the highest ($F_{ST}=0.1245$) and the lowest ($F_{ST}=0.011$) $F_{ST}$ distances observed between Boran and Abigar, and Sheko and Abigar from the indigenous cattle, respectively. The phylogenetic network analysis revealed that all the haplotypes detected clustered together with the Bos taurus cattle and converged to a haplogroup. No haplotype in Ethiopian cattle was observed clustered with the reference Bos indicus group. The mismatch distribution analysis indicates a single population expansion event among the cattle populations. Conclusion: Overall, high haplotype variability was observed among Ethiopian cattle populations and they share a common ancestor with Bos taurus.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.89-97
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• 2020

Container vessels continue to grow in size, led by global shipowner. Large ships can be loaded more cargo at a time, reducing the cost of transportation per teu. this eventually leads to economies of sale, in which the production cost per unit decreases with increasing output. in accordance with the 70th Convention of the Marine Environment Protection Committee of the International Maritime Organization, as of January 1, 2020, MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14.1.3 will be effective. All vessels must be meet these criteria to reduce Sox emissions and reduce NOx emissions by reducing the content of manned sulfur oxides from 3.5% to less than 0.5%, otherwise IACS Member States Entry to the port is denied. in order to do that need to LNG storage tank. in this study characteristic of the material after line heating (600℃,700℃,800℃,900℃) of 9% Ni steel used in the manufacture of LNG fuel tank of ship were verified using by mechanical test. In the heating method by line heating. The initial properties of steel are changed by variables such as temperature, time, speed. The experimental data of line heating presented in this paper confirmed that the initial change of 9% Ni steel could be minimized.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.140-156
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to review and establish the three concepts of upcycling, zero-waste fashion design, and regional sustainability through a review of domestic and international case studies. Furthermore, it will provide the theoretical basis for using upcycling as a regional sustainability practice to create zero-waste fashion design. To conduct an empirical study, we systematized the stages of the survey on waste resources in Changsin-dong, the sourcing and utilization of waste resources, the design-planning stage, and the co-production with pattern and sewing masters as a suggested practice for regional sustainability. Through this study, we propose the possibility of regional sustainability by developing and sharing the method of zero-waste fashion design. The conclusion of the study as follows: First, upcycling fashion designs can be extended to a regional sustainability practice by taking the characteristics of social design into account. Second, by providing a design development process and methodology suitable for regional sustainability application, it is helpful to revitalize regional upcycling fashion brands and communities by providing data for upcycled fashion branding. Third, as part of the revitalization project for the Chang-shin and Soongin areas that started in 2014, using the region's economic, cultural, and environmental characteristics to make and sell high-value, upcycled fashion products will contribute to social and economic achievements and aid in solving regional problems.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.541-552
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• 2019

Construction development and greenhouse gas emissions have globally required a strategic management to take some steps to stain and maintain the environment. Nowadays, recycled aggregates, in particular ceramic waste, have been widely used in concrete structures due to the economic and environmentally friendly solution, requiring the knowledge of recycled concrete. Also, one of the materials used as a substitute for concrete cement is wollastonite mineral to decrease carbon dioxide (CO2) from the cement production process by reducing the concrete consumption in concrete. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of wollastonite on the mechanical properties and durability of conventional composite concrete, containing recycled aggregates such as compressive strength, tensile strength (Brazilian test), and durability to acidic environment. On the other hand, in order to determine the strength and durability of the concrete, 5 mixing designs including different wollastonite values and recovered aggregates including constant values have been compared to the water - cement ratio (w/c) constant in all designs. The experimental results have shown that design 5 (containing 40% wollastonite) shows only 6.1% decrease in compressive strength and 4.9% decrease in tensile strength compared to the control plane. Consequently, the use of wollastonite powder to the manufacturing of conventional structural concrete containing recycled ceramic aggregates, in addition to improving some of the properties of concrete are environmentally friendly solutions, providing natural recycling of materials.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.385-392
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• 2019

This study investigated the relationship among seven species of trichoderma through the identification of strains collected in Korea. The phylogenetic tree among the collected strains was classified into four groups. The trichoderma strains isolated in this way showed inhibitory effect on the fusarium wilt which is parasitic to cotyledon stem..The invisibility of J9, J10, J13 and J16 strains were higher in comparison with other strains in vitro test stand, and their spore production level was also higher. In the aluminum ring tests, it showed that the yield of the spores in J9, J10 and J13 were more than any other strain. As a result conducting the port test for cucumbers, the plant lengths of J13 were larger than the control plot, and the root lengths of all strains, except for J2 were longer than the control plot, and the root weights of J1, J9, J10, J13 and J16 were larger than the control plot. The disease severity for the fusarium wilt showed the smallest values at J13 and J16 in comparison with the control plot, and the control values of J13 and J16 were higher than other strains.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1101-1111
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• 2021

In this study, among the W-S-R(Wiper-Signal-Rainfall) relationship methods used to produce sensor-based rain information in real time, we sought to produce actual rainfall information by applying machine learning techniques to account for the effects of wiper operation. To this end, we used the gradient descent and threshold map methods for pre-processing the cumulative value of the difference before and after wiper operation by utilizing four sensitive channels for optical sensors which collected rain sensor data produced by five rain conditions in indoor artificial rainfall experiments. These methods produced rainfall information by calculating the average value of the threshold according to the rainfall conditions and channels, creating a threshold map corresponding to the 4 (channel) × 5 (considering rainfall information) grid and applying Optima Rainfall Intensity among the big data processing techniques. To verify these proposed results, the application was evaluated by comparing rainfall observations.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.38-47
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• 2023

According to the government policy of environmental regulations, interest of ship, which made with High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) as a low-carbon and eco-friendly material, is growing as a substitute for the existing fishery boat hull materials such as FRP, aluminum, steel etc. However, regulations related to the production of HDPE ship are still quite incomplete. Even there are no regulations related to structural analysis. Therefore, in this study, structural analysis is carried out by applying different design loads for each international classification for 38ft class HDPE power boats, and the results are compared and analyzed. According to this study, although there is a correlation between the based pressure value and the analysis result value of each class regulation, it is not necessarily proportional. Also, This analysis result shows a difference not only depending on the size of design load, but also application range of the load, the pressure adjustment factor and section shape. However, the occurrence point and trend of the maximum stress values were quite consistent. It is hoped that the results of this study will be used when establishing HDPE ship structure analysis procedures and standards in the future.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.66-73
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• 2011

With rapid industrialization, electric power consumption has been increasing every year in Korea and in other countries. The provision of additional power stations to produce more electricity is one possible response to this steady increase in consumption. Another alternative is to improve the efficiency of existing stations through timely and effective maintenance works. Since the construction of a new power plant involves a large amount of capital as well as difficulties in the selection of sites, the improvement of existing power stations' efficiencies is often a preferred solution. Therefore, this paper focuses on maintenance project management to address this issue. Among several types of maintenance works, this paper concentrates on planned outage maintenance (POM). This focus arises from the critical impact of POM on other maintenance work, as well as the entire process of electricity production. Unlike other maintenance work, POM is done on the basis of mid and long-term plans. In addition, only POM works are conducted during the outage of all power plants. To evaluate the efficiency of POM works, budget data relating to 164 POM projects between 2001 and 2008 was collected from 7 sites in South Korea. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was selected as a methodology for evaluation. From this analysis, comparative study was used to determine the categories of projects that had performed well, and those with the most optimized budget structures. Moreover, through discussion with industry, this research develops a feasible proposed method by which to enhance the efficiency of POM projects.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

일사 저하에 따른 벼의 형태적 변화와 광합성 특성 변화를 평가하기 위하여, 필리핀 소재 국제미작연구소(IRRI)에서 3품종을 이용하여 분얼기, 생식생장기, 등숙기에 약 40% 차광 처리하고 자연광 처리를 두어 비교한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 차광 조건에서 벼는 단위 엽면적 및 엽록소계(SPAD) 측정값 증가, 엽신으로의 건물중 분배비율 증가 등 일조 부족에 대한 적응 형태를 나타내었으나, 분얼이 지연되고 건물 생산량이 감소하는 특징을 보였다. 2. 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼는 자연광 조건에서 생육한 벼에 비하여 탄소동화속도가 늦었으나 조직 내 이산화탄소의 농도는 높게 유지되어, 차광 내 벼의 광합성이 낮았던 것은 광합성 기질인 이산화탄소의 제한이 아니고 photosystem의 전자전달 활성의 약화에 기인된 것으로 판단되었다. 3. 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼를 자연광에 1일간 노출시켜 순화한 후 측정한 최대 광합성과 photosynthetic photon flux density에 대한 광합성 반응은 자연광에서 생육한 벼의 광합성 반응과 차이를 보이지 않아, 차광 조건에서 생육한 벼는 자연광에서 생육한 벼 수준의 잠재 광합성 능력을 유지하고 있었으며, 차광에서의 광합성 저하는 단순하게 일사량 저하에 의한 현상이었다. 4. 분얼기간 동안 차광 조건에서 생육하고 유수형성기 이후 자연광에 노출되어 생육한 벼는 자연광 조건에서 생육한 벼에 비하여 유수형성기부터 출수기까지의 SPAD 값의 증가 정도가 적으며, 엽신 질소 함량의 감소 정도가 크고, $2,000\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ 이상으로 강한 광 조건에서는 광합성이 감소하는 경향을 보여, 일조 부족에 적응한 벼는 photoinhibition 정도가 큰 것으로 생각된다. 5. 벼 수량은 자연광 처리에 비하여 유수형성기$\sim$출수기 차광에서는 수당영화수와 포트당 영화수의 감소에 의하여, 출수기$\sim$성숙기 차광에서는 등숙비율의 저하에 의하여 감소하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.1054-1060
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• 2017

Objective: This study was aimed at evaluating effects of cattle breed resources and alternative mixed-feeding practices on meat productivity and emission intensities from household farming systems (HFS) in Daklak Province, Vietnam. Methods: Records from Local $Yellow{\time}Red$ Sindhi (Bos indicus; Lai Sind) and 1/2 Limousin, 1/2 Drought Master, and 1/2 Red Angus cattle during the growth (0 to 21 months) and fattening (22 to 25 months) periods were used to better understand variations on meat productivity and enteric methane emissions. Parameters were determined by the ruminant model. Four scenarios were developed: (HFS1) grazing from birth to slaughter on native grasses for approximately 10 h plus 1.5 kg dry matter/d (0.8% live weight [LW]) of a mixture of guinea grass (19%), cassava (43%) powder, cotton (23%) seed, and rice (15%) straw; (HFS2) growth period fed with elephant grass (1% of LW) plus supplementation (1.5% of LW) of rice bran (36%), maize (33%), and cassava (31%) meals; and HFS3 and HFS4 computed elephant grass, but concentrate supplementation reaching 2% and 1% of LW, respectively. Results: Results show that compared to HFS1, emissions ($72.3{\pm}0.96kg\;CH_4/animal/life$; least squares $means{\pm}standard$ error of the mean) were 15%, 6%, and 23% lower (p<0.01) for the HFS2, HFS3, and HFS4, respectively. The predicted methane efficiencies ($CO_2eq$) per kg of LW at slaughter ($4.3{\pm}0.15$), carcass weight ($8.8{\pm}0.25kg$) and kg of edible protein ($44.1{\pm}1.29$) were also lower (p<0.05) in the HFS4. In particular, irrespective of the HSF, feed supply and ratio changes had a more positive impact on emission intensities when crossbred 1/2 Red Angus cattle were fed than in their crossbred counterparts. Conclusion: Modest improvements on feeding practices and integrated modelling frameworks may offer potential trade-offs to respond to climate change in Vietnam.