• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.10 no.1 s.19
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• pp.207-228
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• 1992

This study investigated the relationship between personality characteristics of individual and adjustment in the mid-life. The subjects of the study consisted of 374 married persons(185 men and 189 women) who live in Seoul and are 40 to 50 years old and whose last child is in middle school. Bem's short form BSRI, Rotter(1966)'s Internal-External Scale and Hayes & Stinnett(1977)'s MYLSS were used as measurements tools. The major results of the study were summarized as follows ; 1) While sex-role identity of middle aged men appeared in the follwing order ; Androgynous, masculine, undifferentiated, feminine, sec-role identity of middle aged women appeared in the following order ; Undifferentiated, androgynous, feminine, masculine. Both men and women had the moderate scores on the locus of control. The middle aged expressed a moderate level of life satisfaction with middle aged men reporting significantly a higher life satisfaction than did women. 2) Socio-demographic variables such as age, education, occuption and income have turned out to be significant on the life satisfaction of middle aged men. As for the life satisfacton of middle aged women, age, education, husband's occuption and religon had significant influences However, employment status of women, family structure, marital duration, number of child, status of last child, status of first child had no significant influences on Mid-life satisfaction. 3) Mid-life satisfaction of men and women was influenced significantly by sex-role identity and internal-external locus of control. Those men described as masculine and those women androgynous in the sex-role identity had the highest life satisfaction. On the other hand those of undifferentiated in the sex-role identity had the lowest life satisfaction. High levels of internal control were associated with high levels of life satisfaction. 4) The variables affecting the life satisfaction of middle aged men and women were education, income, sex-role identity, internal control. These 4 variables explained 27% of the life satisfaction of middle aged men and 24% of the life satisfaction of middle aged women.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.83-92
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to reduce the costs required to proactively prevent the turnover intention by the results of personality type of locus of control. which is the behavioral outcome of the members of the organization. Based on this problem consciousness, the present study focused on the personal characteristics of the members of the organization in the enterprise. Among the individual characteristics, the intentions, which are distinct from others, are called personality, Focusing on the locus of control among these types of characteristics of the organization members, the study about how these control positions affect their job involvement and their turnover intention. The results validated in this study are summarized as follows. Among the personality types of the organization's members, internals are found to have higher job involvement than externals. In addition, it was found that internals among the personality types of the members of the organization lower the meaning of turnover intention than external member. In order to overcome uncertain management environment and create and sustain a competitive advantage in the organization, management has a weight-oriented trend and Increasing job involvement in organizational members and lowering their turnover intention will lead to continued productivity, among other things, important management items that managers and managers should pursue. Given these aspects, it is deemed necessary to analyze the personality aspects of the members of the organization and to transform and manage a new management mindset that leads to the enhancement of the personality as an internal rather than an external one and the task immersion of the members of the organization based on it.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the factors influencing attitude toward one's own aging among Korean middle-aged adults and the elderly. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed with a total sample of 70 middle-aged adults and 64 elderly reside in two metropolitan areas. Data were collected from August 2015 to November 2015 using the Perceived Health Status Scale, the Health Locus of Control Scale and the Attitude Toward own Aging (ATOA) Scale. The statistics used include percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: Mean age for each age group were about 52 and 76 years old for middle-aged adults and the elderly respectively. A considerable proportion of all participants reported a negative attitude toward aging. Perceived health status was the common factor influencing attitude toward one's own aging in both age groups. Middle-aged adults identified presence of chronic illness and internal health locus of control as important factors. In contrast, the elderly reported that education and others-dependent health locus of control such as powerful others had a significant impact on ATOA. Each regression model explained 31% and 55% of the total variance of ATOA among middle-aged adults and among the elderly. Conclusion: Both middle-aged adults and the elderly with low perceived health status are at risk of negative ATOA's. The type health locus of control need to be identified and utilized based on individuals' tendency to improve positive ATOA. That is, middle-aged adults might need reinforcement of their self-will whereas the elderly might need enhancement of social support and network of family and healthcare providers.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• no.36
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• pp.203-225
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine how much the external locus of control, social support, self-esteem, and adoption decision making process influence to teen parents' grief and find out the differences depending on meeting the baby, breast-feeding, anticipating the meeting the baby, ceremony for separation, and exposing their grief by themself or to others. Data was analysed with multiple regression and t-test. With the result of multiple regression analysis, the higher external locus of control, pressure of birthfather, regrets for adoption decision are, the higher grief is, and the lower support of friends and self-esteem are, the higher grief is. And It is estimated high grief statically among the group of breast-feeding, anticipating the baby, no ceremony for separation. But the group exposing their grief by self or to others felt low grief. On the basis of the results, we will find out the meaningful contents for intervention. The staffs of birthmother shelter and social worker don't overlooking the relationship between birthmother and birthfather and enforce the internal locus of control, self-esteem. Above all we will intervene about exploring the adoption decision making and facilitate the exposure of feeling related to surrendered baby(guilt, anxiety, sadness, shame, fear).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.5610-5620
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• 2014

This study was conducted to determine the levels of job stress, as well as its association with psychosocial factors (type A behavior pattern, locus of control, and self-esteem). Self-administered questionnaires were given to 634 clerical public officers in the C Provincial Office between February 18 and Mar. 10, 2013. As a result, the job stress levels of the subjects was significantly different according to age, sex, educational level, marital status, job position, job career, satisfaction in job life, smoking, alcohol drinking, sleeping time, type A behavior pattern, locus of control, and self-esteem. Regarding the correlation of job stress and psychosocial factors, the level of job demand was negatively correlated with the internal locus of control. The decision latitude was negatively correlated with the type A behavior pattern, internal locus of control and self-esteem. Supervisor support was negatively correlated with the external locus of control. In hierarchial multiple regression analysis, the affecting factors to the job stress selected variables, such as age, subjective health status, job position, overtime work, experience of sick absence, satisfaction in work, sleeping time, leisure time, visiting out-patient department, type A behavior pattern, locus of control, and self-esteem, and the explanatory powers of these factors was 32.1%. In particular, the factors related to the psychosocial factors (type A behavior pattern, locus of control, self-esteem) were strongly related to the job stress, increasing the explanation of factors up to 15.0%.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.32 no.2 s.91
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• pp.71-78
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• 2002

It could be suggested that adult orthodontic patients may have peculiar psychological features as well as different periodontal tissue conditions compared with adolescent patients. The aims of the present investigation were to explore the relationships between psychological characteristics and treatment compliance of patient to orthodontist and assistants (dental hygienists). Two types of locus of control data (I-score, Internal locus of control score ; E-score, External locus of control score) were obtained for 312 adult patients and 765 adolescents and then analyzed in relation to their sex and treatment compliance. In general, orthodontic patients showed higher I-score trends than ordinary persons and adult patients manifested higher I-score than adolescent patients. Unlike adult patients, female adolescent patients showed higher I-score than male adolescent patients. Adult patients with higher E-score and adolescent patients with higher I-score than their counter-part subgroup were classified into more compliant group. Orthodontist performed more generous decision about patients' compliance than assistants. The results of this study also suggest that psychological survey in orthodontic field could comprise useful diagnostic criteria.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.399-411
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the application of complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) in patients with chronic liver disease. and to analyze the Influence of health locus of control (HLOC) on CAT. Method: Questionnaires on CAT and a multidimensional health locus of control (MHLOC) scale developed by Wallston and Wallston were completed by 141 patients. Result: Analysis showed that 44.7% of the patients had experience with CAT and 49.2% of the patients reported being willing to use CAT. Reliability scores for the scale were HLOC-I 0.7376, HLOC-P 0.6383, HLOC-C 0.7351. The mean scores for the HLOC were HLOC-I 24.86, HLOC-P 22.86, HLOC-C 16.00. There were no significant differences in mean scores for HLOC between the patients who had used CAT and those who had not. Eight response Patterns for HLOC were identified. Among them, 'yea sayer' was the largest group (27.0%). A significant difference was found in the 'yea sayer' pattern between the group who had used CAT and the group who had not. Conclusion: CAT relates to various cognitive factors such as HLOC. Further study is needed to examine the influence of HLOC on CAT and its response patterns.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.222-229
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• 2001

This study describes the application of the stages of change construct to fat intake by examining the associations of the stages of change with nutritional status and beliefs on health behavior. Data were obtained from apparently healthy 596 adults(326 females and 270 males) residing in large cities. Stages of change assessed by an algorithms based on 6 items were designed each subject into one of the 5 stages: precontemplation(PC), contemplation(CO), preparation(PR), action(AC) and maintenance(MA). Beliefs on health behavior were assessed by self efficacy as well as 4 belief scales from the Locus of Illness Control(LIC) developed using factor analysis such as internal disease cure and prevention and external disease cure and prevention. Energy and fat intakes were measured by a 39 item short form food frequency questionnaire. Regarding the 5 stages of change, MA stage comprised the largest group(37.9%), followed by Ac(30.7%), PC(11.4%), CO(10.4%) and PR(9.6%). Subjects who were females, older or healthier were more likely to belong to either AC or MA. Stage assignment of individuals was corroborated by their nutritional variables. Those in PC had the most energy and fat and those in MA ate the least for females. BMI was higher in PR than any other stages for both males and females. Those in PC were distinctive in that they were more externally oriented in terms of health control showing higher scores on external disease prevention(for males) and external disease cure(for females), and lower score on internal disease cure. On the other hand, those in MA received the highest scores on internal disease prevention and self efficacy, which suggested that they were more internally oriented. Canonical discriminant function analysis indicated that the 5 stages were importantly discriminated by BMI, self efficacy, internal disease prevention and external disease prevention for males and by fat intake, self efficacy and external disease cure variables for females. The results of our study confirm differences in stages of change in fat intake in terms of nutritional status and beliefs on heath behavior and indicate the need for taking these phases of change into account in nutrition advice. (Korean J Nutrition 34(2) : 222-229, 2001)

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.157-172
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• 2010

Objectives : This study is to grasp the efficacy, locus of control, oral disease management beliefs, etc and to make a close inquiry the relevance between theses key figures and oral health promotion practice for a teacher and oral care about children and to provide the basic materials of oral health education for the teachers of infant nursery. Methods : This study was made from July to September in 2009 to nursery teacher by having the self-report questionnaire for teachers of infant nursery who are performing nursry school tearcher. Total 187 questionnaire were distributed and among these, 167 questionnaire excluding 20 questionnaire of incomplete responses were statistically analyzed with SPSS12.0. Results : The efficacy is highly in a married person(p=0.001) according to the teacher's age(P=0.006), perceived good oral status(p=0.001) according to the oral conditions and has the significant difference. The internal locus of control is highly in a married person(p=0.006) according to the teacher's age(P=0.037) and the marital status and has the significant difference statistically. The external locus of control is the highest(p=0.038) in the age of 40 among teacher's age and has the significant difference statistically. The oral disease management beliefs is the highest in the age of 20 ~ 29(p=0.001), highly in married(p=0.003) and has the significant difference according to the marital status and perceived good oral status(p=0.045) according to the oral conditions. There has no significant difference in the efficacy, the internal locus of control, the external Lotus of Control, oral disease management beliefs following by the infant oral care after taking medicines and oral care of infants after tooth brushing. Conclusions : Therefore, the oral health promotion activities should be induced by educating the nursery teacher and it needs to spread out the oral care education with the development to operate practically. It is considered in need of the infant oral care which is not burden on to the nursery teacher but helpful to the infant by connecting the subjects of dental hygiene and oral health education training.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.224-236
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• 2008

Purpose: The principal objective of this study was to assess the relationships of depression, fatigue, BMI, and health locus of control between urban and rural female middle school students. Methods: The study subjects included 377 girls in randomly-sampled middle schools in urban and rural provinces. The data were collected via self-recorded questionnaires from April 21.- to May 2. 2008, and analyzed using the SPSS Win 12.0 program. Results; 1) The mean score of depression was $10.22{\pm}5.72$ (urban), $10.81{\pm}4.92$ (rural). 2) The mean fatigue score was $50.43{\pm}1.57$ (urban), $51.90{\pm}9.70$ (rural). 3) BMI was classified into 3 groups: leptosomic, normal weight, and obesity groups. The mean BMI score was $18.73{\pm}2.05$ (Seoul), and $20.31{\pm}3.26$ (provincial). 4) The internal locus of control was higher than the external locus of control (urban). 5) Fatigue was correlated with depression (r=.512, p=.000) in both areas. The health locus of control was correlated with Fatigue (r=.153, p=.042) in province. Conclusion: An effective program to reduce the levels of fatigue and depression for middle school girls and to maintain normal weight is required. In particular, the high-risk depression group can be managed through community mental health care center deep interviews, and close observation.