• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.259-268
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• 2020

The purpose of our study is to conduct a general·quantitative analysis of fandom activities and verify their organization types and effects. The results are as follows. With regard to the comparison of effect size, the variable related to the social and economic field showed the greatest effect size, which was followed by individual behavior and individual mentality. In terms of influential factors of fandom activities, the effect size of positive variables was intermediate level while the effect size of negative variables was low level. In addition, the effect size of fandom supporting idol groups was the greatest, which was followed by of fandoms supporting sports stars, and actors. In terms of the effect size with regard to the influence on fandom among the objects of study, the effect size of university students was the greatest, which was followed by the whole, adult, middle and high school student, and middle school student. Meanwhile, the result of the analysis according to the classification by country showed that China had the greatest effect size, and the US also showed quite a big effect size. On the other hand, South Korea showed a low level of effect size.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technology Innovation Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.413-425
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• 2003

Information Technology is the kernel technology deciding the industrial standard of one nation, and biotechnology will be the main technology of next generation. Based on this fact, a lot of efforts were made to industrialize them. Nano Technology is beginning to position itself as the kernel fusion technology, and its usage and popularity is expanding. Environmental and Energy Technology is a must-have strategic technology considering the increase demand of new energy development, the international environment correspondence, the environment-friendly production, and so forth. Space Technology is the field, which will contribute to raise the domestic component and system technology to the next level. In 2001, new technology research development costs total of 1 trillion 32 billion won in the following fields; 437.82 billion won in IT, 88.457 billion won in BT, 46.799 billion won in NT, 315.682 billion won in ET, and 112 billion won in ST. from component ratio, IT forms 42% which is the most, 31% for ET and in order of BT, ST and NT. ETRI and KISTI are concentrating on IT, KIBB is on BT, KAERI, KIER, KERI and KBSI are focusing on ET, and KIMM, KRISS, KRICT and KORDI is participating together in 4∼5 new technology such as IT, BT, NT and ET. Funds for research development costs in 5 new technology fields of 13 contribution (year) are consisted as follows; The Office for Government Policy Coordination has contributed 131 billion won (13%), 387 billion won (37%) by MOST, 256 billion won (25%) by Ministry of Information and Communication, 67 billion won (6%) by Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy, 19% by others and the industrial world. < Strategy for Technology Advancing > o Promotion of comprehensive contributing (year) new technology development research plan project o Increase research efficiency by promoting new technology development project connected with peculiar projects of organization by contribution (year) o Formation of superior research group by technology and introduction of operation system for research accumulation are needed. o Technology demand-oriented assignment deduction and promotion of research development project connected with intermediate long term objective o National will and investment extension of research development costs, training and popularization of professionals, commercialization promotion with efficient control for research plan and result.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.580-597
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• 2013

Three materials SUS304, 9% Ni steel and Al 5083-O alloy, which are considered possible candidate for International Maritime Organization (IMO) type B Cargo Containment System, were studied. Monotonic tensile, fatigue, fatigue crack growth rate and Crack Tip Opening Displacement tests were carried out at room, intermediate low ($-100^{\circ}C$) and cryogenic ($-163^{\circ}C$) temperatures. The initial yield and tensile strengths of all materials tended to increase with decreasing temperature, whereas the change in elastic modulus was not as remarkable. The largest and smallest improvement ratio of the initial yield strengths due to a temperature reduction were observed in the SUS304 and Al 5083-O alloy, respectively. The fatigue strengths of the three materials increased with decreasing temperature. The largest increase in fatigue strength was observed in the Al 5083-O alloy, whereas the 9% Ni steel sample showed the smallest increase. In the fatigue crack growth rate test, SUS304 and Al 5083-O alloy showed a decrease in the crack propagation rate, due to decrease in temperature, but no visible improvement in da/dN was observed in the case of 9% Ni steel. In the Crack Tip Opening Displacement (CTOD) test, CTOD values were converted to critical crack length for the comparison with different thickness specimens. The critical crack length tended to decrease in the case of SUS304 and increase for the Al 5083-O alloy with decreasing temperature. In case of 9% Ni steel, change of critical crack length was not observed due to temperature decrease. In addition, the changing material properties according to the temperature of the LNG tank were analyzed according to the international code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk (IGC code) and the rules of classifications.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.65-77
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• 2018

Purpose: By identifying the contents of the "Empty Home Utilization & Community Revitalization Model Project" which is a pilot project of empty homes back into use in Kyoto City and analyzing the characteristics of the case housing, the purpose of this study is to find out implications and suggest improvements for the domestic empty home utilization project. Methods: The scope of the survey covers seven project sites in the period from 2014 to 2016. The research method is to derive the physical and operational characteristics of the project, through the literature reviews related to bringing empty homes back into use in Kyoto City and the field survey including the space measurement and the operator interview. Results: First, in order to succeed in bringing empty homes back into use for community revitalization, the selection process of the project and the role of the public in and after supporting the project are important. Second, the important features that are required as a physical characteristic of the project are an advantage in location and an interactive space that is available at all time like a community cafe at the entrance. Third, as an operational characteristic of the empty home utilization project, it is advantageous for the local residents to participate as a business actor or an operator, and it is the continuous use of residents and outsiders by implementing an operating program that is suitable for the characteristics of the local community. Implications: The physical and operational activation factors to bring empty homes back into use need to be included as the project screening standards. And it is necessary for the public to develop the Intermediate Support Organization and to participate in linking with residents in order to carry out the empty homes utilization project effectively.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.33-47
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• 2007

The requirements have been changed during development progresses, since it is impossible to define all of software requirements. These requirements change leads to mistakes because the developers cannot completely understand the software's structure and behavior, or they cannot discover all parts affected by a change. Requirement changes have to be managed and assessed to ensure that they are feasible, make economic sense and contribute to the business needs of the customer organization. We propose a feature-oriented requirements change management method to manage requirements change with value analysis and feature-oriented traceability links including intermediate catalysis using features. Our approach offers two contributions to the study of requirements change: (1) We define requirements change tree to make user requirements change request generalize by feature level. (2) We provide overall process such as change request normalization, change impact analysis, solution dealing with change request, change request implementation, change request evaluation. In addition, we especially present the results of a case study which is carried out in asset management portal system in details.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.17-30
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• 2013

Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) induces massive actin filament thickening at the infection front of infected Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. To determine the mechanisms leading to actin remodeling, fluorescent protein fusions of the BSMV triple gene block (TGB) proteins were coexpressed in cells with the actin marker DsRed: Talin. TGB ectopic expression experiments revealed that TGB3 is a major elicitor of filament thickening, that TGB2 resulted in formation of intermediate DsRed:Talin filaments, and that TGB1 alone had no obvious effects on actin filament structure. Latrunculin B (LatB) treat-ments retarded BSMV cell-to-cell movement, disrupted actin filament organization, and dramatically decreased the proportion of paired TGB3 foci appearing at the cell wall (CW). BSMV infection of transgenic plants tagged with GFP-KDEL exhibited membrane proliferation and vesicle formation that were especially evident around the nucleus. Similar membrane proliferation occurred in plants expressing TGB2 and/or TGB3, and DsRed: Talin fluorescence in these plants colocalized with the ER vesicles. TGB3 also associated with the Golgi apparatus and overlapped with cortical vesicles appearing at the cell periphery. Brefeldin A treatments disrupted Golgi and also altered vesicles at the CW, but failed to interfere with TGB CW localization. Our results indicate that actin cytoskeleton interactions are important in BSMV cell-to-cell movement and for CW localization of TGB3.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.200-205
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• 2012

Although a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified from the bovine genome-sequencing project, few of these have been validated at large in Bos indicus breeds. We have genotyped 192 animals, representing 5 cattle populations of Ethiopia, with the Illumina Bovine 8K SNP BeadChip. These include 1 Sanga (Danakil), 3 zebu (Borana, Arsi and Ambo), and 1 zebu ${\times}$ Sanga intermediate (Horro) breeds. The Hanwoo (Bos taurus) was included for comparison purposes. Analysis of 7,045 SNP markers revealed that the mean minor allele frequency (MAF) was 0.23, 0.22, 0.21, 0.21, 0.23, and 0.29 for Ambo, Arsi, Borana, Danakil, Horro, and Hanwoo, respectively. Significant differences of MAF were observed between the indigenous Ethiopian cattle populations and Hanwoo breed (p < 0.001). Across the Ethiopian cattle populations, a common variant MAF (${\geq}0.10$ and ${\leq}0.5$) accounted for an overall estimated 73.79% of the 7,045 SNPs. The Hanwoo displayed a higher proportion of common variant SNPs (90%). Investigation within Ethiopian cattle populations showed that on average, 16.64% of the markers were monomorphic, but in the Hanwoo breed, only 6% of the markers were monomorphic. Across the sampled Ethiopian cattle populations, the mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.314 and 0.313, respectively. The level of SNP variation identified in this particular study highlights that these markers can be potentially used for genetic studies in African cattle breeds.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.201-224
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• 2016

The main objective of this study is to identify and analyze the factors affecting technology innovation of the innovative IT SMEs. A research model is established based on the previous studies on the technology innovation of SMEs. The model consists of independent variables (Adhocracy culture, R&D capability, IT capability, Leadership, and Appraisal & Reward), an intermediate variable (Knowledge management), and dependent variables (product/service innovation and process innovation). Major research results can be summarized as follows: IT SMEs pursuing technology innovation should: (1) pay attention to innovation oriented culture, IT capability, and evaluation & compensation systems of the company; (2) recognize that knowledge management is an essential activity performed by the company; (3) strengthen the R&D capabilities of the company by not only exerting internal efforts but establishing cooperative network with various parties; and (4) resolve the decoupling problem of the evaluation & compensation system.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.285-293
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• 2016

The increase in demand for leisure time by the public and the vitalization of agricultural tourism resulting from the expansion of the five-day work week are expected to greatly contribute to the rural economy, but actual studies analyzing the ripple effect of the agricultural tourism industry are lacking. In order to analyze the economic ripple effect, tourism or agricultural tourism must become an independent sector in the inter-industry relations table's sector classification, but because it is not, the study uses a method of analysis which involves creating a satellite account. However, because agricultural tourism has a clear main agent in farms unlike general tourism which does not, there is one method in which provisions are made by farms or farm villages and another method in which outside products are used. The purpose of the present is to measure the economic ripple effect of agricultural tourism with a focus on 162 subclasses by applying positive data from the education sector input into agricultural tourism. Satellite accounts which considered intermediate input were created and applied to positive data, the analysis of which revealed agricultural tourism to account for 462 billion won, which is 0.01% of the total production amount of 3,503,480 billion won, while the production inducement coefficient was 3.2895 units when the final demand of agricultural tourism occurs. When the production inducement coefficient is at 3.2895 units, highest sector was agricultural tourism at 0.9968 units followed by restaurants and bars at 0.3325 units, roadt transportation services at 0.3183 units, lodging services at 0.1520 units, and petroleum products at 0.1290 units.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.65-73
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• 2018

The dynamic capabilities of sensing market signals, creating new opportunities and reconfiguring resources and capabilities to new opportunities in a rapidly changing economic environment determines the competitiveness of the enterprise to create added value and survival. This study conceptualized a two-stage performance measurement framework based on the casual model of resource (input)-process-performance (output). We have developed a 'Process capability index' that reflect the dynamic capabilities factors as a key intermediary product linking resource inputs and performance outputs in enterprise performance measurement. The process capability index consists of four elements : manpower (level of human resource), operation productivity, structure and risk management. The DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) model was applied to the developed performance indicators to analyze the branch office performance of a telecom company. Process capability efficiency (stage 1) uses resource inputs to reach a certain level of process capabilities. In performance result efficiency (stage 2), the process capabilities are used to generate sales revenues and subscribers. The two-stage DEA model derives intermediate output values that optimize the individual stages simultaneously. Some branch offices in the telecom company have focused on process capability efficiency or some other branch offices focused on performance result efficiency. Positioning map using two-stage efficiency decomposition and benchmarking can help identify the sources of inefficiencies and visualize strategic directions for performance optimization. Applications of two-stage DEA in conjunction with the case study that are meaningfully used in performance measurement areas have been scarce. In particular, this paper has the contribution to present a new performance measurement model considering the organization theory, the dynamic capabilities.