• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.515-519
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• 2005

We hypothesized that the IL10 gene is important candidate in the development of Bell's palsy and specific genotypic and allelic variations should be associated with Bell's palsy in the Korean population. In this study, we assessed the SNP (single-nucleotide polymorphism) of IL10 in patients with Bell's palsy. 62 patients with Bell's palsy were selected from the subjects who visited for the Bell's palsy service of the department of acupuncture & moxibustion, college of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University from May 2002 to May 2003. Pyrosequencing was performed for genetic analyses. There was no statistically significant genotypic distribution difference between control and Bell's palsy group And there was not statistically significant allelic frequency difference between control and Bell's palsy group. In this study the IL10 genotypemight not be the risk factor of Bell's palsy patients in Korean. studies will be necessary for the exact genetic markers. Establishment of more systemic approach and high quality of prospective cohorts will be necessary for the good prediction of genetic markers.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.569-574
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• 2016

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We investigated the anti-osteoarthritic effects of deer bone extract on the gene expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and collagen type II (COL2) in interleukin-$1{\beta}$-induced osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS: Primary rabbit chondrocytes were treated as follows: CON (PBS treatment), NC (IL-$1{\beta}$ treatment), PC (IL-$1{\beta}+100{\mu}g/mL$ glucosamine sulphate/chondroitin sulphate mixture), and DB (IL-$1{\beta}+100{\mu}g/mL$ deer bone extract). RESULTS: The results of the cell viability assay indicated that deer bone extract at doses ranging from 100 to $500{\mu}g/mL$ inhibits cell death in chondrocytes induced by IL-$1{\beta}$. Deer bone extract was able to significantly recover the mRNA expression of COL2 that was down-regulated by IL-$1{\beta}$ (NC: 0.79 vs. DB: 0.87, P < 0.05) and significantly decrease the mRNA expression of MMP-3 (NC: 2.24 vs. DB: 1.75) and -13 (NC: 1.28 vs. DB: 0.89) in OA chondrocytes (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that deer bone extract induces accumulation of COL2 through the down-regulation of MMPs in IL-$1{\beta}$-induced OA chondrocytes. Our results suggest that deer bone extract, which contains various components related to OA, including chondroitin sulphate, may possess anti-osteoarthritic properties and be of value in inhibiting the pathogenesis of OA.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2017

Sinensetin, a pentamethoxyflavone, is known to exert various pharmacological activities including anti-angiogenesis, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its effects on the human mast cell - 1 (HMC-1) mediated inflammatory mechanism remain unknown. To explore the mediator and cellular inflammatory response of sinensetin, we examined its influence on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus A23187 induced inflammatory mediator production in a human mast cell line. In this study, interleukin (IL)-6 production was measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Sinensetin inhibited PMA plus A23187 induced IL-6 production in a dose-dependent manner as well as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-8 mRNA expression. Furthermore, sinensetin inhibited signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, suggesting that sinensetin inhibits the production of inflammatory mediators by blocking STAT3 phosphorylation. Moreover, sinensetin was found to inhibit nuclear factor kappa B activation. These findings suggest that sinensetin may be involved in the regulation of mast cell-mediated inflammatory responses.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2011

Purpose: Curcumin is known to exert numerous biological effects including anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6) by murine macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Prevotella intermedia, a major cause of inflammatory periodontal disease, and sought to determine the underlying mechanisms of action. Methods: LPS was prepared from lyophilized P. intermedia ATCC 25611 cells by the standard hot phenol-water method. Culture supernatants were collected and assayed for IL-6. We used real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect IL-6 mRNA expression. $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation, nuclear translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ subunits, and STAT1 phosphorylation were characterized via immunoblotting. DNA-binding of NF-${\kappa}B$ was also analyzed. Results: Curcumin strongly suppressed the production of IL-6 at both gene transcription and translation levels in P. intermedia LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Curcumin did not inhibit the degradation of $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ induced by P. intermedia LPS. Curcumin blocked NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling through the inhibition of nuclear translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$ p50 subunit. Curcumin also attenuated DNA binding activity of p50 and p65 subunits and suppressed STAT1 phosphorylation. Conclusions: Although further study is required to explore the detailed mechanism of action, curcumin may contribute to blockade of the host-destructive processes mediated by IL-6 and appears to have potential therapeutic values in the treatment of inflammatory periodontal disease.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.354-360
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• 2022

This research was designed to evaluate the possible anti-inflammatory effects of Carex scabrifolia Steud. extract using RAW264.7 cells. The assessments of these effects were based on cell viability assay, mRNA expression levels of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), and levels of nitric oxide (NO)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE₂) production. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that treatment with C. scabrifolia Steud. extract decreased the mRNA levels of iNOS, COX2, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα. Furthermore, from the production levels of PGE₂/NO, it can be inferred that C. scabrifolia Steud. extract exhibited anti-inflammatory properties. These results suggest that C. scabrifolia Steud. extract contains anti-inflammatory compound(s), and consequently, that it may have applications as a potent cosmeceutical material.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.156-163
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• 2014

Interleukin (IL) 17 is produced by T-helper (Th) 17 with a vigorous effect on cells of the immune system playing important roles in pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases, including autoimmune disorders and cancers. Therefore, the aim of current study was to determine the serum levels of IL-6, IL-17, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-${\beta}$) in Iranian bladder cancer patients, and to correlate them with disease status. Blood samples were collected from 40 bladder cancer patients and 38 healthy individuals with no history of malignancies or autoimmune disorders. The serum levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TGF-${\beta}$ were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the levels of IL-17 (p<0.0001) and TGF-${\beta}$ (p<0.0001) were significantly lower in the patients compared to the controls. No significant differences in the level of serum IL-6 (p=0.16) was observed between the patients and controls. In addition, demographic characteristics between control and patients groups were not significantly different. As most of the cases studied in this investigation were in stage I and II, it is concluded that reduced Th17-related cytokines can be used as indicators for following the course and clinical stages of bladder carcinoma progress and immune response to cancer.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.201-208
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• 1997

It is becoming increasingly clear that the inflammatory reaction can be ascribed to a complex array of mediators generated and released from activated phagocytes. In this study, the effect of PAF on interleukin-1(IL-1) activity by rat alveolar macrophages(AM) was examined using thymocyte proliferation assay in the supernate of sample obtained after 24 hr culture. When AM were cultured with PAF alone, no change in IL-1 activity was observed. However, the combined addition of PAF and muramyl dipeptide(MDP) or lipopolysaccharide(LPS) to AM cultures markedly enhanced IL-1 activity by 2-3 fold compared with AM cultures with the stimulant alone in a concentration dependent fashion. The peack effect was found at $10^{-8}$ M PAF with MDP and $10^{-14}$ M PAF with LPS. the effect of PAF was also tested in silica, toxic respirable dust, -added AM cultures as well as in the cultures containing bacterial compounds. Although silica did not stimulate the IL-1 activity, PAF could enhance IL-1 activity by 2 fold above the value of the silica-treated AM cultures with the peak response at $10^{-12}$ M PAF. Optimal enhancement of IL-1 activity occured when MDP and PAF were present together at the initiation of the 24 hr AM cultures. Additionaly, the biologically inactive precursor/metabolite of PAF, lyso-PAF failed to induce enhancement of IL-1 activity. When the specific, but structurally different PAF receptor antagonists, BN 52021($10^{-5}$ M) and CV 3988($10^{-5}$ M) was treated 15 min before addition of PAF($10^{-8}$ M) and MDP$(10\;{\mu}g/ml)$ to the AM cultures, it markedly inhibited the enhancement of IL-1 activity induced by PAF. The effects of these PAF antagonists were also observed in LPS$(10\;{\mu}g/ml)$-stimulated cells. Collectively, these data suggest that PAF enhances IL-1 activity by interaction with a specific receptor.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of Coptidis Rhizoma (CCE-extract of C. chinensis Rhizome) in induction of immune protein on mouse macrophages. Methods : To analyze cytokines interleukin(IL)-$1{\alpha}$, IL-3, IL-9, IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-17, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein(MCP)-1 induced by macrophages, mouse macrophages were incubated with CCE and was measured. Results : IL-$1{\alpha}$ measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-3, MCP-1 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-9 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 50 ${\mu}g/mL$. IL-13 measurement, CCE showed significant inhibition only at concentration level of 50, 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$. The IL-12p40, IL-17 levels indicated no changes at 25, 50, 100, 200 ${\mu}g/mL$ on mouse macrophages. Conclusions : CCE did not significantly increased inflammatory cytokines IL-$1{\alpha}$, IL-3, IL-9, IL-12p40, IL-13, IL-17, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein(MCP)-1 on mouse macrophages. It was verified CCE does not trigger cytokine related hypersensitivity reaction of organism or exacerbation of acute/chronic inflammatory disease.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.59-59
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• 2001

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is known as a regulator of inflammation and pathogenesis in mammalian organs, but its precise role is little known in the mammary gland. Our initial experiment showed that IL-10 expression levels in mice decreased at the lactation stage otherwise increased at the involution stage. To reveal the effects of IL-10 on the involution of mammary gland, expression profiles of the apoptosis-related genes were examined in transgenic mice expressing human IL-10 as well as in knock-out mice (IL-10-/-). Mild inflammatory legions by lymphocytes were observed in the mammary glands of transgenic lines at the lactation stage. The expression of TRAIL (Tumor necrosis factor-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand) among the apoptosis-related genes was highly elevated in the transgenic mice while others were not significantly changed. Furthermore, TRAIL was down regulated by four fold in the IL-10-/- mice at the involution stage. The expression of DR4 was elevated at the involution stage of normal mice. DR4 was detected in the milk of transgenic mice but absent in that of normal mice. Our results proposed that the elevated IL-10 at the involution stage recruit lymphocytes and induce TRAIL and DR4 genes, therefore, lead to enter involution stage of mammary glands.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2002

Interferon-${\gamma}$ (IFN-${\gamma}$) is well known as a potent inducer in monokine induced by IFN-${\gamma}$ (Mig) mRNA expression. Although lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone is weakly effective on Mig mRNA expression. the stimulation of LPS and IFN-${\gamma}$ (LPS/IFN-${\gamma}$ simultaneously has been shown to synergize to produce a high level of Mig mRNA in mouse peritoneal macrophages. In this study, interleukin-10 (IL-10) was found to suppress the LPS/IFN-${\gamma}$-induced Mig mRNA expression in cell type- and mouse strain-specific fashion, but IFN-${\gamma}$ alone-induced Mig mRNA was unaffected by IL-10 under identical experimental conditions. The IL-10-mediated suppression of LPS/IFN-${\gamma}$-stimulated Mig mRNA expression was dependent on the concentration of IL-10, and was prevented when the agent was added 2 hours after LPS/IFN-${\gamma}$ treatment. The suppressive action of IL-10 was dependent on a protein synthesis. However, IL-10 did not reduce the stability of LPS/IFN-${\gamma}$-induced Mig mRNA. These data may have important implications for a previously unrecognized role for IL-10 as a regulator of synergistic effect of LPS on the IFN-${\gamma}$-induced expression of the Mig gene in macrophages.