• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2006

The Terra-Scope system is an affordable 4-D down-hole seismic monitoring system based on independent, microprocessor-controlled sensor Pods. The Pods are nominally 50 mm in diameter, and about 120 mm long. They are expected to cost approximately $6000 each. An internal 16-bit, extremely low power MCU controls all aspects of instrumentation, eight programmable gain amplifiers, and local signal storage. Each Pod measures 3-D acceleration, tilt, azimuth, temperature, and other parametric variables such as pore water pressure and pH. Each Pod communicates over a standard digital bus (RS-485) through a completely web-based GUI interface, and has a power consumption of less than 400 mW. Three-dimensional acceleration is measured by pure digital force-balance MEMS-based accelerometers. These accelerometers have a dynamic range of more than 115 dB and a frequency response from DC to 1000 Hz with a noise floor of less than $30ng_{rms}/{\surd}Hz$. Accelerations above 0.2 g are measured by a second set of MEMS-based accelerometers, giving a full 160 dB dynamic range. This paper describes the system design and the cooperative shared-time scheduler implemented for this project. Restraints accounted for include multiple data streams, integration of multiple free agents, interaction with the asynchronous world, and hardened time stamping of accelerometer data. The prototype of the device is currently undergoing evaluation. The first array will be installed in the spring of 2006.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.210-215
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• 2014

Pseudomonas nitroreducens TX1는 대만의 벼를 재배하는 논의 배수구에서 분리된 세균이다. 이 균주는 알킬페놀 폴리에톡실레이트와 같은 비이온성 계면활성제를 고농도에서도 탄소원으로 이용할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 TX1 균주에서 분리된 새로운 플라스미드 pTX1의 특성을 조사하였다. 크기는 2,286 bp, GC 함량은 63.3%, 암호된 유전자로는 $Rep_{pTX1}$과 기능이 밝혀지지 않은 ORF1과 ORF2가 동정되었다. $Rep_{pTX1}$은 롤링-서클 기작에 의해 복제되는 그람 양성 세균에서 주로 발견되는 pC194/pUB110 플라스미드 계열에 속하는 DNA 복제 효소임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 세포마다 약 150개의 플라스미드가 존재함을 규명하였다. 플라스미드에 존재하는 유전자 지문과 유사 플라스미드와의 핵산과 아미노산 서열비교를 통해 pTX1은 슈도모나스 세균에서는 흔히 발견되지 않는 롤링-서클 기작에 의해 복제된다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2017

With the advent of virtual money such as bit coins, interest in the block chain is increasing. Block Chain is a technology that supports Distributed Ledger and is a versatile technology applicable to various fields. Currently, the block chain is conducting research for various applications such as virtual money, trade finance, marketplace, power market, image contents service, and IoT. The technologies that make up the block chain are smart contract, digital signature/hash function and consensus algorithm. And these technologies operate on P2P networks. In this paper, we have studied e-mail system based on the ethereum which is one of the block chain based technologies. Most legacy mail systems use SMTP and the POP3/IMAP protocol to send and receive e-mail, and e-mail use S/MIME to protect the e-mail. However, S/MIME is vulnerable to DDoS attacks because it is configured centrally. And it also does not provide non-repudiation of mail reception. To overcome these weaknesses, we proposed an e-mail system model based on ethereum. The proposed model is able to cope with DDoS attack and forgery prevention by using block chain based technology, and reliable recording and management among block chain participants are provided, so that it is possible to provide a non-repudiation function of e-mail transmission and reception.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1369-1378
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• 2017

Pub/Sub (Publish/Subscribe) paradigm is a simple and easy to use model for interconnecting applications in a distributed environment. In general, subscribers register their interests in a topic or a pattern of events and then asynchronously receive events matching their interest, regardless of the events' publisher. In order to build a low latency lightweight pub/sub system for Internet of Things (IoT) services, we propose a GQSFPS (Group Quorum System-based Fog Pub/Sub) system that is a core component in the event-driven service oriented architecture framework for IoT services. The GQSFPS organizes multiple installed pub/sub brokers in the fog servers into a group quorum based P2P (peer-to-peer) topology for the efficient searching and the low latency accessing of events. Therefore, the events of IoT are cached on the basis of group quorum, and the delay-sensitive IoT applications of edge devices can effectively access the cached events from group quorum fog servers in low latency. The performance of the proposed GQSFPS is evaluated through an analytical model, and is compared to the GQPS (grid quorum-based pud/sub system).

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.205-218
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• 2002

Objectives : Because elementary school children are sensitive and prevalent to dental caries, oral health care program for the elementary school children (ESOHCP) should be met the first priority for the national oral health care program. This study was performed to proposed the guidelines for executing the efficient ESOHCP through the evaluation of present oral health care and education status based on the attitudes and opinions of health teachers. Methods : Subjects were 181 health teachers those are a part of the total 273 elementary school health teachers in Busan. From April to June 2001, questionnaire survey on the teacher's attitude and opinion, present status of oral health care and education in their own school was done. Data was analyzed by $\chi^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA using SAS (ver 6.21) program. Results : Mean age of the teachers was 40 years (24~58 years) and mean scale of the subject school was 32 classes (5~58 classes). Above 90% of them agreed with the necessity and importance of ESOHCP, but actual level of concerning was lower. They gained the informations about oral health mainly from media (33%), PC net (26%), academic society (25%), and more used internet (p=0.012) in younger generation. Though most of them (96%) had a specified school dentist, only 58% had the experience of periodic oral health examinations in their own school. The major experienced ESOHCP was fluoride brushing and contest to choose the best healthy teeth. Oral health education given by the teachers was not professional but their own. About half (42%) of the teachers had never taken education during last one year. Major education materials were VTR tape (79%), teeth model (64%), CD (55%), booklet (50%), etc., and the teachers' preference was also VTR tape (43%) and CD (41%). When they need education materials, they frequently request to dentist's association (36%), academic society (35%), but rarely to dental clinics or dentists (6%). They prefer that two times (46%) of annual oral health education, with the contents of regular brushing (53%), but lower regular visit to clinics (13%). The interest to oral health care (p=0.016) increased with teacher's age. And, they agreed regular students education in case of higher interest(p=0.044). Intention about join in the model school program was decreased with scale of school (p=0.002). Conclusions : This result showed that the present status of ESOHCP is still insufficient. It considered that the health teachers' interest and role is most important for the maintenance and success of ESOHCP. The professional and efficient education program would be focused on the health teachers to induce drive on ESOHCP.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2006년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.417-420
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• 2006

최근 유 무선 홈 네트워크를 위한 다양한 기술들이 개발되고 있는데, 이러한 기술들을 수용하여 댁내 유무선 정보가전기들을 인터넷을 통해서도 통합제어 가능한 효율적인 미들웨어를 필요로 한다. UPnP(Universal Plug and Play)는 기본적으로 표준 TCP/ 프로토콜에 근거하여 PnP(Pulg and Play)개념을 네트워킹에 확장한 것이다. 지능형 가전, 무선기기 및 모든 종류의 PC들을 연결하기 위한 파급력이 있는 P2P(Peer to Peer) 네트워크 연결 구조를 지닌다. UPnP는 TCP/IP를 기본으로 하여 댁내 정보가전들을 통합제어 하기 위한 홈 네트워크 미들웨어로 제시되어 상용화되고 있지만 그 한계가 내부 네트워크에 국한되고 기능의 한계와 다른 기기들을 제어하기가 힘들다. 본 논문에서는 인터넷 홈 네트워크 가전 제어를 위해 UPnP를 확장하여 인터넷 게이트웨이를 통하여 인터넷망을 통하여 서로간의 모든 기능 및 컨트롤이 가능한 시스템을 구축을 연구한다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.573-583
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• 2022

본 연구는 블랜디드러닝 성인간호학 교육에 노트필기 전략을 적용하여 그 효과를 분석하고자 시도되었다. 33명의 간호대학생을 대상으로 단일 집단 사전·사후 설계로 하여, 2021년 9월 17일부터 10월 15까지 자료 수집 후 SPSS/WIN 26.0으로 분석하였다. 주요 결과로 학습동기는 수업 전 3.27에서 수업 후 3.40점으로 상승하였으나 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았고(t=-1.501, p=.143), 수업 참여도는 수업 전 2.95점에서 수업 후 3.27점으로 유의하게 상승하였다(t=-2.669, p=.012). 수업 전 학습동기는 수업 전 참여도(r=.838, p<.001), 수업 후 학습동기(r=.545, p=.001), 수업 후 참여도(r=.462, p=.007)와 각각 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 성별(Wilks'𝛌=.866), 수업 흥미(Wilks'𝛌=.632)와 수업 만족도(Wilks'𝛌=.822)에 따른 학습동기 및 수업 참여도는 모두 유의수준 .05보다 크므로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 블랜디드러닝 성인간호학 교육에 노트필기 전략을 적용한 것은 수업 참여도를 향상시키는데 효과가 있었으며, 추후 학업 성취에 따른 맞춤형 노트필기 전략을 적용하여 효과를 검증할 필요가 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.148-156
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• 2017

본 연구는 보건계열 대학생을 대상으로 시뮬레이션 기반 호흡기환자 교육에서 동영상 제작과제를 활용한 후 그 효과를 평가하기 위해 시행되었다. 연구는 J시에 소재한 D대학교 보건계열 학생 56명을 실험군 28명과 대조군 28명으로 나누어 실시하였다. 실험군에게는 2회기의 동영상과제를 활용한 사전교육이 시행되었으며, 각 회기당 소요되는 시간은 120분이었다. 대조군에게는 전통적인 강의식 사전교육이 1회기당 120분씩 2회 실시되었다. 본 연구의 자료수집은 2014년 11월에 시행되었고, 자료분석은 SPSS 18.0을 사용하였다. 일반적 특성과 각 변수들은 실수와 백분율로, 효과분석은 paired t-test와 unpaired t-test를 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 동영상 제작과제를 활용한 시뮬레이션 교육군에서 학습만족도의 모든 하부영역과(p=.008~p<.001) 자기효능감 하부영역 중 자신감(p=.010)이 전통적인 강의를 활용한 대조군보다 통계적으로 유의하게 향상 되었다. 본 연구결과에서 동영상 과제를 활용한 교육이 학습자들의 흥미를 강화하고 자기주도학습과 의사소통 능력을 향상시키는 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 보건대학생들의 전문직 역량을 강화하기 위한 프로그램으로 확대 시행할 필요가 있음을 제언하는 바이다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.349-371
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• 1995

Professional nurse shall possess the firm nursing idea and ethical nursing philosophy based on the professional knowledge and technology but due to the rapid social situations has changed the value to man thus the nurse's sense of value in the nursing secenes has been confused and changed bringing the new ethical problems and discord due to the ethically difficult problems. This study is aimed to know about the discord between the ruling ethical sense of value and the ethical discord exeriencing in the clinical scenes of the nurse and to help them establish affirmative ethical sense of value and provide them with the materials which can effectively meet the ethical discord. The study research has been conducted by selecting 515 clinical nurses in 8 general hospitals as the subject from Mar. 13, 1995 to Apr. 3. The tool measuring the ethical sense of value disigned by Lee, Young Sook has been used and supplemented and the tool measuring the ethical discord was the question papers about the ethical dillemma of Han, Sung Sook. The collected materials have been analyzed by the statistical methods of arithmetical everage, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and etc. The result of the study is as the below ; 1) The average point of the ethical sense of value of the nurse was 3.62(maximum point : 5) which showed that the ethical level was so high and the highest question item in the ethical level of the whole items of the ethical sense of value was "They conduct as directed by the doctor in case the disposition of the doctor looks mistaken"(4.56 point), "They keep the secret of the patients while serving them."(4.56) and the lowest item was "using placobo for the patients is not allowed" : (1.85 point). 2) Statistical variation which showed the significant difference in the relation with the ethical sense of value according to the general characters of the nurse has shown as scholarly years(F=3.47, p=.016), religion(F=1.66, p=.004), interest degree of ethical education(F=4.18, p=.006),attitude to the job of nursing(F=6.76, p=.006), ethical standard(F=3.28, p=.021), and recognition degree on ethical principles(F=4.53, p=.001). 3) The average point of the ethical discord of the nurse was 0.54(The maximum-1 point) point and the ethical discord in the clinical scenes : "the problems arising from the lack of manpower of the nurse"(0.86), "the discord from the uncooperative relation between them and the medical staff and"(0.75) and indifference of the doctor about the report of the nurse(0.73). 4) The variation which showed the significant difference statistically in the ethical discord according to the general characters of the nurse was that Age(F=19.88, p=.000), schooling(F=5.32, p=.001), Experience(F=15.77, p=.000), position(F=13.58, p=.000) and ethical standard(F=2.63, p=.049). 5) The results of the analysis of correlation between ethical sense of value and discord(r=0.519, p=.239) showed no significant correlation statistically.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2018

Purpose: To determine the impact of pseudoglandular formation on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and to validate the results using histopathological grades. Materials and Methods: We assessed 182 HCCs surgically resected from 169 consecutive patients. Each type of tumor pseudoglandular formation was categorized into "non-," "mixed-," or "pure-," based on official histopathology reports. The ADC for each tumor was independently measured, using the largest region of interest on the ADC map. Data were assessed using the analysis of variance test, with Bonferroni correction for post hoc analysis to stratify the relationship of ADCs with pseudoglandular formation, followed by subgroup analysis according to the histopathological tumor grades. Results: The mean ADC was significantly higher in pure pseudoglandular lesions (n = 5, $1.29{\pm}0.08{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/s$) than in non-pseudoglandular lesions (n = 132, $1.08{\pm}0.17{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/s$; P = 0.003) or mixed-pseudoglandular lesions (n = 45, $1.16{\pm}0.24{\times}10^{-3}mm^2/s$; P = 0.034). The ADC values and pseudoglandular formation were significantly correlated in moderately differentiated HCCs (n = 103; r = 0.307, P = 0.007), while well- (n = 19) and poorly-differentiated HCCs (n = 60) did not show significant correlation (r = 0.105 and 0.068, respectively; P = 0.600 and 0.685, respectively). Conclusion: The degree of pseudoglandular formation could be one of the determinants of ADC in DWI of HCCs-especially moderately differentiated HCCs-while its influence does not appear to be significant in well- or poorly differentiated HCCs.