• 한국미생물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국미생물생명공학회 2005년도 2005 Annual Meeting & International Symposium
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• pp.233-244
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• 2005

Guanosine fermentation process can be well predicted and analyzed by the proposed state equations describing the dynamic change of a bioreactor. Pyruvate and alanine were found to be characteristically accumulated along with the decline of the guanosine formation rate during the mid-late phase of the process. The enzymological study of the main pathways in glucose catabolism and the quantitative stoichiometric calculation of metabolic flux distribution revealed that it was entirely attributed to the shift of metabolic flux from hexose monophosphate (HMP) pathway to glycolysis pathway. The process optimization by focusing on the restore of the shift of metabolic flux was conducted and the overcoming the decrease of oxygen uptake rate (OUR) was taken as the relevant factor of the trans-scale operation. As a result, the production of guanosinewas increased from 17 g/L to over 34 g/I.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.190-190
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• 2016

The Water, Energy, and Food (WEF) nexus is an emerging concept for sustainable resources planning and management. The three valuable resources are inevitably interconnected, that is, it takes water to produce energy; it takes energy to extract, treat, and distribute water; and both water and energy are required to produce food. Although it is challenging to fully understand the complicated interdependency, a few studies have been devoted to interpret the concept and develop the assessment tools. The tools were mainly developed for nation-wide simulations without considering inter-basin or inter-state resources trade. This study tries to present an idea to develop and implement the WEF nexus simulation model in regional scale by advancing the existing nation-wide model with additional capability to simulate the inter-basin trade. This simulation could help local planners and engineers to determine optimal policies and infrastructure solutions to reach and ensure local demand satisfaction. The simulation model is implemented in hypothetical areas with different conditions of WEF demands and supplies. Although the inter-basin trade scenarios are simulated manually, it shows that the inter-basin resources trade could enhance the resources security for a longer time period. In future, an optimization model might be developed to provide the automatic calculation to reach optimum amount of WEF for the trade, which can be a helpful tool in decision making process.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2011

기후변동에 따른 식생반응 및 그에 따른 물수지 동역학의 변화를 살펴볼 목적으로 본 연구에서는 식생의 물 이용가능성과 식생 생산량의 지역별 연별 변동성을 분석하였다. 유역의 식생 물이용의 대리변수로서 습윤량에 대한 기화량의 비로 표현되는 Horton 지수의 계산을 통하여 유역에서의 수문 분할과 그에 따른 식생의 물 이용 가능성에 대한 정량화를 시도하였다. 연별 Horton 지수의 추정결과 기후의 변동성과 비교하여 볼 때 상대적으로 일정한 값을 유지하고 있는 것을 살펴볼 수 있다. 이와 더불어 Horton 지수와 식생의 강우이용효율을 비교한 결과, 물 이용가능성에 따른 식생의 물 이용에 대한 흥미로운 패턴이 있음을 살펴볼 수 있었다. 물이 식생 성장에 제한요소가 될 경우 식생의 강우이용효율은 공통적인 최대값으로 수렴한다는 선행연구들의 결과를 본 연구를 통해서도 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1259-1269
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• 2012

Cloud computing has rapidly become a new infrastructure for organizations to reduce their capital cost in IT investment and to develop planetary-scale distributed applications. One of the fundamental challenges in geographically distributed clouds is to provide efficient algorithms for supporting inter-cloud data management and dissemination. In this paper, we propose a geographic group quorum system (GGQS)-based hybrid algorithm for improving the interoperability of inter-cloud in time-critical event dissemination service, such as computing policy updating, message sharing, event notification and so forth. The proposed algorithm first organizes these distributed clouds into a geographic group quorum overlay to support a constant event dissemination latency. Then it uses a hybrid protocol that combines geographic group-based broad-cast with quorum-based multicast. Our numerical results show that the GGQS-based hybrid algorithm improves the efficiency as compared with Chord-based, Plume an GQS-based algorithms.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1083-1094
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• 2020

Recognizing plant species based on leaf images is challenging because of the large inter-class variation and inter-class similarities among different plant species. The effective extraction of leaf descriptors constitutes the most important problem in plant leaf recognition. In this paper, a multi-scale angular description method is proposed for fast and accurate leaf recognition and retrieval tasks. The proposed method uses a novel scale-generation rule to develop an angular description of leaf contours. It is parameter-free and can capture leaf features from coarse to fine at multiple scales. A fast Fourier transform is used to make the descriptor compact and is effective in matching samples. Both support vector machine and k-nearest neighbors are used to classify leaves. Leaf recognition and retrieval experiments were conducted on three challenging datasets, namely Swedish leaf, Flavia leaf, and ImageCLEF2012 leaf. The results are evaluated with the widely used standard metrics and compared with several state-of-the-art methods. The results and comparisons show that the proposed method not only requires a low computational time, but also achieves good recognition and retrieval accuracies on challenging datasets.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.321-331
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• 2004

Purpose: To develop an Infant Developmental Assesment Scale appropriate for Korean infants that includes cultural context. Method: The total sample included 990 infants aged birth to 24months. The developmental tests were conducted at hospital well baby clinic, daycare centers, public health centers and homes located in city, urban and rural areas. Item analysis was done to examine content validity of the scale. Test responses were analyzed by SPSS to examine the inter-rater reliability, and construct validity. Result: Based on the naturalistic observation and analysis of other developmenta l instruments, 260 Korean infant developmental items were created. The mean score of the developmental quotient of 966 infants was 101.63±10.89. Correlation coefficient of inter-rater reliability was .99. In addition, 84.6％ of total items showed Kappa .70 and above. The development quotient was significantly different depending upon the residential area and father's occupation, therefore, construct validity using known group technique was supported. Conclusion: The developed instrument can be used to assess the development of handicapped infants, as well as normal infant's general abilities and to study individual differences within the normal range for Korean.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.34-45
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• 2007

Environment of marine transportation market is changing rapidly. Due to globalization of world economy, marine transportation of cargos, especially trade using container boxes, is increasing dramatically. Fierce competition in the global market of container transportation forces the shipping industry to seek the economy of scale to reduce transportation cost, and drives the merge and alliance of liner shipping companies. Mega-sized container ships, having capacity over 10,000 TEU, were introduced, and appeared recently, in order to reduce the unit transportation cost. Korean shipping and shipbuilding companies are competitive, and have considerable market share in the global market. Even though both industries are inter-connected through ships and have many common interests in order to enlarge the global market share, inter-relation between two industries is surprisingly insignificant. In this paper current issues in the process of environmental change of marine cargo transportation are reviewed, and inter-relation of shipping and shipbuilding industries is discussed. Suggestions for inter-related development of Korean shipping and shipbuilding industries are given, and means for mutually beneficial collaboration are suggested.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.3-31
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• 2019

In order to achieve full-scale economic cooperation between North Korea and South Korea, the Gaesong Industrial Complex should reopen first. In this case, the Inter-Korean commercial arbitration system should be clearly established to effectively resolve the disputes arising in the special economic zones of the Gaesong Industrial Complex. Even though the Inter-Korean Investment Security Agreement, the Agreement on the Resolution of Commercial Disputes between North Korea and South Korea, the Agreement on the Formation and Operation of the Inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration Committee, and the Agreement on the Formation and Operation of the Inter-Korean Commercial Arbitration Committee in the Gaesong Industrial District are in place, specific arbitration procedure is not concretely agreed upon and realized between the two Koreas. Therefore, the realization of commercial arbitration between them led by the Ministry of Unification or the government should be accomplished. In addition, it is necessary to consider the administrative trial or administrative litigation system in order to deal with administrative disputes that are not subject to commercial arbitration. Lastly, discussions on legal integration between the two Koreas should continue, focusing on the special economic zone of the Gaesong Industrial Complex, in order to prevent integration from being hindered by a different culture for a long time.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 대규모 네트워크에서의 부하분산을 고려한 계층적 도메인간 QoS 라우팅을 제안하였다. 이를 위해 계층적 라우팅에서의 비용 산정 방식을 선계산 방식의 경로계산에서 제안하였고 선계산된 다중경로들 중에서 경로를 선택하는 방안을 제안하였다. 제안한 방식은 도메인으로 분할된 대규모 네트워크의 QoS 라우팅에서 선계산 방식으로 경로를 설정하고, 경로들의 예약 가능성을 높이기 위해 자원 예약 측면에서 가장 좋은 K개의 경로들을 부하분산을 고려하여 계산한다. 또한 이러한 다중 경로들 중에서 비용산정에 근거한 경로선택확률에 따라 경로를 선택하는 방안을 제안하였다. 그리고 제안한 QoS 라우팅 방식을 transit traffic과 intra traffic에 모두 적용하여 도메인간 라우팅과 도메인내 라우팅을 무리 없이 연계하면서 transit traffic을 우선으로 하는 방식을 제안하였다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2006

Multi-family housings caused several problems related to physical form such as isolation of housing estate, inhumanity of the exterior space, and mismatch with the urban structure. To handle these problems, the purpose of this study is to analyse density elements which have a direct impact on physical forms, thereby understand the characteristics of physical form and also identify a meaning of inter-relationships between them. Therefore both formal constituents and density elements are reformed into respective analyzing indices. From the analysis, physical form and the spatial layout of buildings were more uniform in large-scale housing estates than in medium or small housing estates. However, small-scale housing estates showed various form and the spatial layout of buildings in order to increase the building density.