• 한국양식학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2003

The first Indian transgenic fish was generated in 1991 using borrowed constructs from foreign sources. To construct transformation vectors for the indigenous fishes, growth hormone genes of rohu (r-CH), Labeo rohita and catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis were isolated, cloned and sequenced; their fidelity was confirmed in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. A vector was constructed with grass carp b-actin promoter driving the expression of r-GH. Rohu eggs are large. fragile and swell 2~3 times. when fertilized. Hence they were amenable only for electroporated sperm-mediated gene transfer. Accordingly, the sperm electroporation technique was standardized to ensure 25% hatchling survival and 37% Presumptive transgenics without suffering any deformity. Southern analysis confirmed genomic integration in 15% of the tested individuals (Ti) belonging to family lines 2 and 3: another 25% of the Juveniles (Te) were also proved transgenic but with the transgene persisting extrachromosomally for longer than 1 to 2 years. perhaps due to the presence of replicon in the vector. Transgenics belonging to different family lines grew 6~8 times faster than the respective controls. Difference in growth trends of Ti and Te within a family line was not significant. In the Ti family 3 remarkable growth acceleration was sustained for a period longer than 36 weeks but in those of family 2, it gradually decreased. All transgenic fishes including the rohu converted the food at a significantly higher efficiency. Barring the transgenic mudloach, all the other transgenic fishes consumed food at significantly reduced rate.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2018

This study aimed to analyze the causality of hairtail prices among import and domestic distribution channels using a Vector Error Correction Model(VECM). The results are as follows. First, since the ADF unit-root test suggests that each of the price variables, apart from retail price, has a unit root, the price variables should be 1st-differenced to secure the stability of the prices. Next, through the Johansen co-integration test, it was discovered that there are long-term relationships among the price variables. On the basis of the co-integration test, VECM analysis shows that the producer price has a long-run balance with the import and wholesale prices. In particular, when the prices deviate from the balance, the producer price dynamically adjusts to return to the long-term relationship among prices. It also indicates that the producer price has an impact on the import, wholesale, and retail prices in the short-term, and the import price has an influence on the producer and wholesale prices. In addition, the impulse response analysis demonstrates that the impulse of import and producer prices has a lasting impact on each of the prices.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.399-407
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• 2001

MII단계 난자의 위란강에 retroviral vector를 주입하여, 형질전환 난자의 생산하려는 연구가 수행되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 난자의 위란강의 크기는 매우 다양하므로, 외래유전자를 위란강에 미세주입을 할 때, 난자의 세포질에 손상을 줄 수가 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 외래유전자 주입시 발생할 수 있는 난자세포의 손상을 최소화하기 위하여 sucrose처리법을 채택하였다. 즉 난자를 0.5%의 sucrose가 첨가된 배양액으로 처리함으로써 일정한 형태의 세포질을 유지하지 못하는 난자와 일정한 형태의 세포질을 유지하는 난자로 분류할 수 있었으며, 후자의 경우 세포질의 큰 손상 없이 retroviral vector를 난자의 위란강내에 주입할 수 있었다. 그러나 sucrose처리에 의해 선별된 난자의 수정율과 대조군의 그것 사이에는 유의차가 없었다. 또 sucrose처리에 의해 선발된 난자에 있어서 retroviral vector (LN$\beta$-EGFP and LNC-hGH) 주입 후의 분할율과 배반포발달율 같은 양상을 보였다. LN$\beta$-EGFP이 주입된 경우, 분할율과 배반포율이 81 및 25% 보였으며, LNC-hGH이 주입된 경우, 83 및 30%를 보였다. 그 결과 미세주입된 난자는 대조군과 유의적인 차이 없이 발달할 수 있었다. 게다가, hGH-gene의 결합율이 PCR 분석에 의하여 분할된 난자에서 52%를 보였으며, 또한 EGFP-gene의 발현율이 현광현미경을 총해 배반포난자 에서 34%가 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 매, 0.5%의 sucrose처리는 우량난자의 선발을 가능하게 하였으며, 주입유전자의 발현율이 낮아지지 않았을 뿐만 아니라, 외래유전자의 위란강내 주입시 난자에 대한 물리적 손상을 줄일 수 있으므로 발달율을 개선할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2024

논문에서는 타원판의 벡터 중력과 중력 변화율 텐서 반응식을 유도하였다. 타원판의 벡터 중력은 이중 적분으로 표현한 타원판에 의한 중력 퍼텐셜을 각 축 방향으로 미분하여 유도한다. 이중 적분으로 정의된 타원판에 의한 벡터 중력은 복소 그린 정리를 이용하여 타원판 경계를 따라 폐곡선의 선적분으로 변형한다. 최종적으로 타원판 경계를 매개변수로 설정하여 1차원 수치적분을 통하여 타원판에 의한 벡터 중력을 유도한다. 타원판에 의한 중력 변화율 텐서의 xz, yz, zz성분은 타원판의 벡터 중력을 수직 방향으로 미분하여 구한다. xx, yy, xy성분은 이중 적분 형태의 벡터 중력의 수평 성분을 먼저 수평 방향으로 미분한 후 복소 그린 정리를 이용하여 유도한다.

• 전자공학회논문지CI
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2012

영상 분류를 위한 다단계 특성벡터 기반의 분류기 모델(Partitioned Feature-based Classification Model with Expertise Table: PFC-ET)의 성능을 더욱 향상시킨 진보된 형태의 분류기 통합모델 (Classifier Integration Model: CIM)이 본 논문에서 제안되었다. CIM은 PFC-ET과 같이 주어진 데이터에서 추출된 전체의 특징벡터를 연결하여 이용하지 않고, 같은 성질의 특징 벡터들끼리 모아서, 각각의 국지적 학습기를 통하여 분류에 이용한다. PFC-ET에서 분류판단 확률행렬에 의한 오류를 최소화하기위해 국지적 분류기로 사용되는 군집화 알고리즘의 멤버 비율을 사용하여 최종적인 분류의 정확도를 높이는 방안을 제안한다. 제안된 CIM의 성능을 검증하기 위하여, Caltech 데이터에 대한 일반적인 영상 분류와 6 클래스 위성 영상 분류 문제에 대한 실험을 진행하였다. 제안된 CIM은 기존의 PFC 와 PFC-ET 모델과 비교한 실험에서 분류 정확도와 후처리 문제의 복잡성 면에서 향상된 성능을 보여주었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.327-355
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• 2016

A new analytical derivation of the elastodynamic point load solutions for an isotropic multi-layered half-space is presented by means of the precise integration method (PIM) and the approach of dual vector. The time-harmonic external load is prescribed either on the external boundary or in the interior of the solid medium. Starting with the axisymmetric governing motion equations in a cylindrical coordinate system, a second order ordinary differential matrix equation can be gained by making use of the Hankel integral transform. Employing the technique of dual vector, the second order ordinary differential matrix equation can be simplified into a first-order one. The approach of PIM is implemented to obtain the solutions of the ordinary differential matrix equation in the Hankel integral transform domain. The PIM is a highly accurate algorithm to solve sets of first-order ordinary differential equations and any desired accuracy of the dynamic point load solutions can be achieved. The numerical simulation is based on algebraic matrix operation. As a result, the computational effort is reduced to a great extent and the computation is unconditionally stable. Selected numerical trials are given to validate the accuracy and applicability of the proposed approach. More examples are discussed to portray the dependence of the load-displacement response on the isotropic parameters of the multi-layered media, the depth of external load and the frequency of excitation.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2020

In this paper, we implement linear-quadratic-Gaussian based vector tracking loop (LQG-VTL) instead of conventional extended Kalman filter based vector tracking loop (EKF-VTL). The LQG-VTL can improve the performance compared to the EKF-VTL by generating optimal control input at a specific performance index. Performance analysis is conducted through two factors, frequency thermal noise and frequency dynamic stress error, which determine total frequency tracking error. We derive the thermal noise and the dynamic stress error formula in the LQG-VTL. From frequency tracking error analysis, we can determine control gain matrix in the LQG controller and show that the frequency tracking error of the LQG-VTL is lower than that of the EKF-VTL in all C/N0 ranges. The simulation results show that the LQG-VTL improves performance by 30% in Doppler tracking, so the LQG-VTL can extend pre-integration time longer and track weaker signals than the EKF-VTL. Therefore, the LQG-VTL algorithm is more robust than the EKF-VTL in weak signal environments.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2019

The high expression level of industrial and metabolically important proteins in plants can be achieved by plastid transformation. The CaIA vector, a Capsicum-specific vector harboring aadA (spectinomycin resistance), is a selectable marker controlled by the PsbA promoter, and the terminator is flanked by the trnA and trnI regions of the inverted repeat (IR) region of the plastid. The CaIA vector can introduce foreign genes into the IR region of the plastid genome. The biolistic method was used for chloroplast transformation in Scoparia dulcis with leaf explants followed by antibiotic selection on regeneration medium. Transplastomes were successfully screened, and the transformation efficiency of 3 transgenic lines from 25 bombarded leaf explants was determined. Transplastomic lines were evaluated by PCR and Southern blotting for the confirmation of aadA insertion and its integration into the chloroplast genome. Seeds collected from transplastomes were analyzed on spectinomycin medium with wild types to determine genetic stability. The increased chloroplast transformation efficiency (3 transplastomic lines from 25 bombarded explants) would be useful for expressing therapeutically and industrially important genes in Scoparia dulcis L.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1362-1368
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• 2006

A new constitutive episomal expression vector, pGAPZ-E, was constructed and used for initial screening of eukaryotic target gene expression in Pichia pastoris. Two reporter genes such as beta-galactosidase gene and GFPuv gene were overexpressed in P. pastoris. The expression level of the episomal pGAPZ-E strain was higher than that of the integrated form when the beta-galactosidase gene was used as the reporter gene in P. pastoris X33. The avoiding of both the integration procedure and an induction step simplified the overall screening process for eukaryotic target gene expression in P. pastoris. Nine human protein targets from the Core 50, family of Northeast Structural Genomics Consortium (http://www.nesg.org), which were intractable when expressed in E. coli, were subjected to rapid screening for soluble expression in P. pastoris. HR547, HR919, and HR1697 human proteins, which had previously been found to express poorly or to be insoluble in E. coli, expressed in soluble form in P. pastoris. Therefore, the new episomal GAP promoter vector provides a convenient and alternative system for high-throughput screening of eukaryotic protein expression in P. pastoris.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2015

Recently, fiber composite materials have been attracting attention from industry because of their remarkable material characteristics, including light weight and high stiffness. However, the costs of products composed of fiber materials remain high because of the lack of effective manufacturing and designing technologies. To improve the relevant design technology, this paper proposes a novel simulation method for deforming fiber materials. Specifically, given a 3D model with constant thickness and known fiber orientation, the proposed method simulates the deformation of a model made of thick fiber-material. The method separates a 3D sheet model into two surfaces and then flattens these surfaces into two dimensional planes by a parameterization method with involves cross vector fields. The cross vector fields are generated by propagating the given fiber orientations specified at several important points on the 3D model. Integration of the cross vector fields gives parameterization with low-stretch and low-distortion.