• 한국조리학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.119-123
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• 2014

This study was intended to investigate food habits, dietary variety and the effects of nutrient intake of female college students. Food habits such as regularity of meal time, repast of breakfast, lunch, and supper, and duration of meal were assessed via a self reporting questionnaire, 24 hrs recall method for nutrient intake was obtained from 155 female college students in Yangju-si. Dietary variety was assessed by dietary diversity score(DDS). The mean height and weight of the subjects were $161.25{\pm}3.52cm$ and $52.26{\pm}4.52kg$, respectively. The dietary habits of female college students was generally inadequate. In the survey of dietary habits, the ratio of skipping breakfast 3~6 days a week in total subjects was 87.09%, showing a rather higher ratio of skipping breakfast. In the evaluation of nutrient intakes by DDS, subjects who had higher DDS had significantly higher nutrient intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate, fiber, calcium, phosphate, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, and cholesterol(p<0.05). There was a great difference in nutrient intakes, suggesting the risk of nutritional imbalance. These findings suggest that nutritional education based on female college students' eating variety and dietary habits(regularity of meal time, skipping breakfast and night snacks per week, and duration of meal) may be required to improve dietary variety. it is considered that the improvement in dietary habits will contribute to the improvement of nutrition.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.53-63
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• 1989

A untrition survey of early childhood was undertaken among 102 rural young children, aged 3 to 6, attending three day care centers of Hongcheon-gun, Kangwon province, in July of 1987, to investigate dietary and nutritional status. The results were obtained as follows: Mean values of height and arm circumference ranged from 96 to 97% of the KSRI's standards. However, mean value of weight met 91% of that standard. Mean value of hematocrit was 37.3±3.5%. According to the criterion established by the WHO, 3% of the subjects were proven to be anemic. Mean value of urinary urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio was 13.8±7.6; the higher the age lower the ratio was shown. Intake of energy and nutrients ranged from 63 to 88% of the RDAs. Carbohydrate provided 68% of total energy intake; protein accounted for 14%; fat provided 18%. Energy intake was divided among breakfast, lunch supper and snacks in a percentage ratio of 21:35:26:18. The survey clarified that the day care feeding largely supplemented the inadequate dietary intakes of these young children at home. Family factors, anthropometric measurements, biochemical results were positively correlated with nutrient intakes. Authors with this study can be contributed, as a reference, to develop the community nutrition programs as well as improving the quality of day care feeding.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2002

This survey was conducted to investigate the dietary behavior and health status of Buddhist nuns. In this study, 100 Buddhist nuns in Seoul were selected. The dietary survey was focused on the diet in winter. The age distribution was as follows; 24% of the subjects were in their 20s, 45% in their 30s, 23% in their 40s, and 8% in their 50's and over, respectively. The percentage of the subjects living in temples close to the downtown area was 77% and the rest resided in areas remote to the downtown area. Over fifty percent of the subjects were satisfied with their diet at temple. And 59% of the subjects were eating a snack more than once a day. The snacks included fruits (60%), raditional tea (20%), coffee (9%), bread and cookies (4%), md rice cakes (3%), etc. Among food groups, the intake of green-vegetables and fruits were the highest and intake of milk and bean products were low which may cause calcium and protein deficiency. Most of the subjects believed that their health conditions were average or above average. About 50% of subjects didn't exercise at all. The frequencies of gastro-intestinal diseases and anemia were extremely high. About 50% of subjects took some form of medicine. To improve their health and nutritional status, it is required that they practice a good dietary behavior, maintain a balanced diet, and exercise regularly.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.313-323
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• 2000

Although it is rapidly increasing the number of day-care centers in Korea, the quality of food and nutrition services is not improved sufficiently. The purpose of this study was to investigate the nutrition and health status of children in day-care center. Menus for lunch of 253 centers were collected and the content of nutrients was analyzed. Nutrient intakes from lunch and snacks of 90 children were investigated using weighing method and those from breakfast and dinner by 24-hour recall method surrogated from their mothers. Anthropometric indices of height, weight, skinfold thickness, the ratio of fat were measured. The lunch menus for children contained $437.0{\pm}138.9\;Kcal$, $17.6{\pm}6.7gr$ protein, $153.9{\pm}87.7mg\;Ca$, $3.63{\pm}1.6mg\;Fe$, $164.5{\pm}158.2RE\;Vit\;A$. and $4.46{\pm}3.04mg\;Vit\;B_1$. Energy, Ca and Fe supplied were below one third of RDAs. Mean daily calorie intake of children aged 3 years was $1303.0{\pm}474.0Kcal/day$, $1322.3{\pm}442.4Kcal$ in aged four, $1307.0{\pm}545.9Kcal$ in aged five and $1497.1{\pm}93.5kcal$ in six year of age. Intake of iron, vitamin A and vitamin $B_1$ were below RDAs.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.356-367
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• 2004

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutritional education program conducted by public health center in Jinju city for obese women. The subjects of this study consisted of 27 obese women(BMI $\geq$ 25) aged 35∼55 years in Jinju area, and the educational period was 6 weeks. We evaluated the anthropometric parameters and biochemical indices, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, nutritional attitude of obese women before and after the nutritional education. And also daily intake during the educational period were measured. Weight, obesity index, BMT, waist circumferences and hip circumferences of obese women were significantly decreased(p<0.001) after nutritional education, but changes of WHR, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were not significant. There were no significant difference in total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, LDH and blood glucose level in serum before and after the nutritional education, but the indices tend to decrease after the nutritional education. There was significantly different change of dietary behaviors in 3 items among the dietary behavior after the nutritional education. Their dietary habit, dietary behavior and nutritional attitude scores were significantly improved after the nutritional education. Mean daily energy intakes was low compared with the RDA as 78.88%. The average carbohydrates, protein, fat ratio on the energy intakes was 63 : 17 : 20. The proportion of energy intake from snacks the was 12.91${\pm}$6.15%.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.147-157
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to find out the information on nutrition labeling and how many calories and nutrients the high school students consumed for 1 day from cookies. A total of 74 male and female high school students in Suwon were surveyed and 56 cookies that they consumed were examined. Background data were collected by questionnaire, cookie intake by 24-hr recall, and the calories and nutrients content in cookies and the amount of intake by nutrition information on the wrapping paper of cookie. The statistical analysis for the data was done by SPSS 12.0. Energy contents in 1 serving size of cookie were $90{\sim}315\;kcal$, average of 170 kcal. The protein contents were $0{\sim}7\;g$, fat $2{\sim}20\;g$, cholesterol $0{\sim}55\;mg$, and sodium $30{\sim}390\;mg$ in 1 serving size of cookie. Most of the cookies(80%) examined contained no trans fat at all, which is desirable. Among the types of cookies, snacks contained higher quantities of calories and sodium, the pie contained more sugar and cholesterol, and the biscuit had more trans fat. One fourth of the cookies examined belonged to 'high calorie, low nutritious food' according to the criteria proposed by The Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs. Thus the excessive intake of cookies might result in nutritional imbalance. There were large differences in calorie intake among students, from zero who did not intake any cookies at all to maximum 818 kcal/day, an average of 75 kcal/day. When the students who did not intake cookies were excluded, energy 205 kcal. fat 10 g, sodium 177 mg were consumed from the cookie for a 1 day on average.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.342-360
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aimed to develop nutrition education program for consumers to reduce sodium intake based on social cognitive theory (SCT). Methods: The main factors of SCT related to low sodium diet were investigated by using focus group interview (FGI) with 30 women who participated in consumer organizations. Results: The main target groups for the education program were housewives (H), parents (P), and the office workers (OW), for which we considered their influences on other people and the surroundings. According to the results of FGI, in carrying out low sodium diet, 'positive outcome expectation' were prevention of chronic disease and healthy dietary habit, and 'negative outcome expectation' were low palatability of foods, difficulty in cooking meals, and limited choice of foods. The contents of the program and education materials were individualized by each group to raise self-efficacy and behavioral capability, which reflected the results of the FGI. The program included 'salt intake and health' to raise positive outcome expectation. For improving the ability to practice low-sodium diet, the program contained the contents that focused on 'cooking' and 'food purchasing' for H, on 'purchasing and selection of low-sodium food with the children' for P, and on 'way of selecting restaurant menu' for OW. Also the program included 'way of choosing the low-sodium foods when eating out' with suggestions on sodium content of the dishes and snacks. Further, 'dietary guidelines to reduce sodium intake' was also suggested to help self-regulation. Conclusions: This nutrition education program and education materials could be utilized for the community education and provide the basis for further consumer targeted education program for reducing sodium intake.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.577-591
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the difference of the body image recognition, food habits, food behaviors and nutrient intake according to the obesity index(underweight-, normal-, obese group) in children(aged 10.8 ys, 47 boys, 33 girls). Subjects were eva1uated based an anthrofometric measurement and questionnaries including food record diary in Changwon. The results are summarized as follows. The weight, BMI, body fat, waist circumference, hip circumference and birth weight except height showed a significant difference between the three groups(p<0.001). The waist and hip circumference showed the possibility of being a predictor of obesity in children. The children's obesity was related to mother's weight(p<0.01), but not to father's. Ninety percent of the obese group, 47.8% of the normal group, and 37.8% of the underweight group preferred a thinner figure than their current status. The underweight group did more exercise regularly than the other groups. The underweight and obese groups had more irregular meal times and foster eating habits compared to the normal group. Most of subjects(89.9%) had an overeating habit, and tole ratio of the overeating habit increased with obesity. Fifty five percent of the subjects clad the habit of skipping meals, mainly breakfast. 46.8% of the subjects ate snacks more than twice per a day, the underweight and obese groups had snacks more of than the normal group. The preferred snack was 'cookies'and 'fruits ＆ juices'. 53.8% of the subjects had a prejudice for special food(especially 'pulses'(37.9%) and 'vegetables'(31.0%)). The assessment scores of food behaviors was relatively low in most of the subjects. Most nutrient intakes, except vitamin B$_1$, C and phosphate, were lower than those of Korean RDA. The nutrient intake of the normal group was higher than the underweight and obese groups. The results of this study showed some nutritional problems, which indicates the need for nutritional management for the children. To educate children, who are able to change their food habits and lifestyle, each means to help healthy growth and to help them become healthy adults.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1993

This study was carried on the preferences for food intake pattern of Korean industrial workers. The survey was conducted from Feb 17, to March 31, 1992 by questionnaires which was composed of 21 items. The subjects of this study were composed of 426 clerical workers, and 439 physical workers. The results were obtained as follows. 1. In the educational background, clerical workers was almost of highschool or collage graduates, and physical workers was almost of highschool graduates. Marginal food cost of per person for lunch a day was from 500 Won to 1,000 Won. They replied that amount of staple food and side dishes were appropriate, and the type of preferable foods was Korean style cooked rice. Also it was known that physical workers thought their nutritive condition more badly than that of clerical workers. So the physical workers considered their health very much when they had meal. It was represented that unbalanced diet, without diet and drinking alcohol effected badly to food intake and taste of food was the most important point in food intake. 2. Preferences for staple foods; Cooked rice was preferred the most by the subjects. Cooked rice with redbean was preferred by clerical workers and cooked rice with soybean was preferred by physical workers and cooked rice with soybean was preferred by physical workers. Also clerical and physical workers liked Kalkooksoo (hot noodle), Nangmyun (cold noodle), bread, vegetable bread and disliked Sphagetti, Ramyun (Instant noodle) in same rate. In the next, cooked rice covered with raw fish pieces (Sushi) was preferred by clerical workers and Mandu-kook was preferred by physical workers. Also they disliked Curriedrice and Hashrice in same pattern. 3. Preference for side-dishes; The Acceptances for side-dishes were high soybean paste soup (clerical workers:43.7%, physical workers:34.4%), Kim chi stew, fried potatoes, crab steaming (37.8%, 36.9%), broiled fish (34.6%, 33.9%), fried green pepper, Ham, Chinese cabbage Kim chi, and pickled garlic by clerical and physical workers all together. But in clerical workers, Wooghugi beef-rib tang, Deodeok muchim, spinach namul, beef jangjeorim, fried shrimp were shown to have high preference in physical workers, beef-rib tang, wild onion and shepherd's purses muchim, soybean sprout, fish jeorim, fried sweet potatoes were high preference. 4. Preference of Snacks; The preferences for snacks were high in strawberry (clerical:36.3%, physical:34.3%), milk (49.9%, 44.4%), waxy rice Doek (30.7%, 30.2%), coffee (40.1%, 38.9%) by two groups in same order.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.409-415
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• 2009

본 연구는 울산지역 일부 중학교 학생의 트랜스지방의 인지도 및 섭취 실태를 조사하였으며, 트랜스지방의 인지도와 식행동의 관계, 그리고 간식 선호도와의 관계 및 그 영향을 파악하여 인지도를 높이고 식행동에 반영될 수 있는 방안을 모색하였다. 트랜스지방에 대한 인지도가 높을수록 영양 표시에서 트랜스지방을 확인하는 것으로 나타났으나 트랜스지방 섭취와는 관련성이 없는 것으로 파악되었다. 학교 교육의 필요성을 인지할수록 먹지 않거나 줄이려고 노력한다는 비율이 높게 나타났으며, 간식 선호도가 트랜스지방 인지 정도 및 섭취 행동 정도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 파악되어 학생들의 간식 섭취에 대한 올바른 지도와 식습관 형성에 학교와 가정의 지속적인 노력이 필요한 것으로 파악되었다. 이에 트랜스지방의 섭취에 대한 올바른 식행동을 유도하기 위한 기초자료 개발의 필요성과 가정과 학교에서 트랜스지방에 대한 체계적인 교육의 필요성이 제기되며, 학교급식에서는 영양적이며 균형된 식사를 제공하고 학생들의 기호도가 충분히 반영되도록 노력하여 학생들의 올바른 식습관 형성에 기여하도록 노력할 필요성이 높은 것으로 사료되었다.