• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.44-50
• /
• 2020

Background: Smartphones are a modern necessity. While they are convenient to use, smartphones also have side effects such as addiction. This study assessed the relationship between smartphone use, a part of everyday life in modern society, and oral health. Methods: An analysis was conducted using 2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey data. The propensity score estimation algorithm used logistic regression and 1:1 matching algorithm using nearest-neighbor matching. After matching, a total of 15,032 participants were classified into two groups containing 7,516 teenagers each who did and did not use smartphones, respectively. Results: Comparison of oral health behaviors according to smartphone use revealed a statistically significant difference in the frequency of tooth brushing per day, use of oral hygiene products, intake of foods harmful to oral health, and experience of oral health education (p<0.05). The factors affecting oral pain experience of adolescents were examined. Compared to male participants, female participants had an odds ratio of 1.627 for oral pain (p<0.05). According to the household income level, compared to the group with higher income, the group with lower income showed higher oral pain experience (p<0.05). Oral pain experience was 1.601 times more frequent among teenagers using smartphones (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that use of smartphones by adolescents affected their oral health. These findings indicate the need for improved oral health management through the use of effective school oral health programs and individual counseling by oral health professionals, promotion of information dissemination through public media, and development of prevention strategies.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.94-100
• /
• 1971

Free and total glutamic acid (GA) in 76 items of Korean foods have been determined by manometric method using glutamate decarboxylase(EC 4 1 1 15). Free GA contents are $10{\sim}20$ in cereals, $20{\sim}30$ in legumes, about 30 in meats, $10{\sim}30$ in marine products, and less than 10mg (w/w) in vegetables. While those of total GA are determined to be about 3 in wheat products, 2 in bareley, 1 in other cereals, 5 in soybean and peanut, 3 in meats, $2{\sim}3$ marine products, and less than 0.5% (w/w) in vegetables. Free GA content in soy sauce is exceedingly high to amount 1% (w/v). The estimated dietary intakes of total and free GA calculated on the basis of the above data along with those of food consumption survey are $9{\sim}16g\;and\;400{\sim}700\;mg$ per day per person, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.34 no.3 s.134
• /
• pp.250-255
• /
• 2003

To develop Allium victorialis var. platyphyllum (Liliaceae) for an available functional food, pharmacological experiments on the extracts of this plant were undertaken in the rat treated with streptozotocin, poloxamer-407 and $CCl_4$. The two MeOH extracts were obtained from the leaves and the bulbs, respectively. The three agents, streptozotocin, poloxamer-407 and $CCl_4$, were treated to induce diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and hepatic injury, respectively. Treatment with the leaf extract lowered blood glucose by 24.9% at 200 mg/kg (p.o.) in the STZ-treated rat and prohibited the increase of body weight, water consumption and food intake. This exσact also significantly decreased not only thε plasma cholesterol and triglyceride in the poloxamer-407-treated rat by 35.3% but also serum ALT by 49.0%. The potency was found by overall estimation on the experimental results as followings: 200 mg/kg leaf extract> 200 mg/kg bulb extract> 100 mg/kg leaf exσact> 100 mg/kg bulb extract. These results suggested that this plant might have the availability for a functional food. It was also suggested that the leaves are more effective than the bulbs for the functional vegetable, especially in hyperlipidemia and hepatic injury.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.521-528
• /
• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to develop Korean food image detection and recognition model for use in mobile devices for accurate estimation of dietary intake. MATERIALS/METHODS: We collected food images by taking pictures or by searching web images and built an image dataset for use in training a complex recognition model for Korean food. Augmentation techniques were performed in order to increase the dataset size. The dataset for training contained more than 92,000 images categorized into 23 groups of Korean food. All images were down-sampled to a fixed resolution of $150{\times}150$ and then randomly divided into training and testing groups at a ratio of 3:1, resulting in 69,000 training images and 23,000 test images. We used a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) for the complex recognition model and compared the results with those of other networks: AlexNet, GoogLeNet, Very Deep Convolutional Neural Network, VGG and ResNet, for large-scale image recognition. RESULTS: Our complex food recognition model, K-foodNet, had higher test accuracy (91.3%) and faster recognition time (0.4 ms) than those of the other networks. CONCLUSION: The results showed that K-foodNet achieved better performance in detecting and recognizing Korean food compared to other state-of-the-art models.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.368-372
• /
• 2018

하천수의 실시간 자료수집 목적으로 전력량계의 전력사용량 변화를 계측하여 양수량을 산정하는 것이 경제적인 자료수집방안이 될 것으로 판단되어 전력사용량의 실시간 계측 및 전송이 가능한 '전력량 전송시스템'을 개발하여 여주시(여주대교)~여주시(이포대교) 관측소 구간 내 농업용수 취수시설인 상백리 양수장에서 적용성을 평가하였다. '전력량 전송시스템'의 정상적인 자료수집을 판단하기 위해 실내실험을 수행한 결과 전송자료 648,000개 중 수집된 자료는 647,964개로 평균 오차율 0.01%를 나타내며 현장적용이 가능함을 입증하였다. 개발된 '전력량 전송시스템'을 상백리 양수장에 설치하여 6개월간 젼력량 사용자료를 취득하였으며, CCTV를 이용하여 현장자료를 모니터링하였다. 서버전송자료와 현장전력량자료를 비교한 결과 누적전력량은 일치하였으며, '전력량 전송장치'를 이용한 전력사용량의 실시간 계측이 가능함을 확인하였다. 능서1 양수장에서 수집된 전력량 자료와 초음파유속계로 계측된 양수량 자료를 활용하여 전력량-양수량관계식을 개발하였다. 개발된 전력량-양수량관계식으로 환산된 유량을 초음파유속계 유량과 비교한 결과, 월별 오차는 최대 8.0%, 평균 4.0%로, 하천수 사용실적 보고량의 최대 24.4%, 평균 7.4%보다 비교적 잘 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. 초음파유속계를 이용한 양수량 산정방법은 수로내 유속과 수위변화를 직접 계측하여 정도 높은 유량산정이 가능하지만 초기설치비용 및 유지관리 비용이 소요되므로 모든 취수시설에 적용하는 것은 불가능하다. '전력량 전송시스템'은 기 설치된 전자식 전력량계를 활용하기 때문에 초기 설치비용이 저렴하며 실시간 자료수집이 가능한 장점이 있다. 따라서, '전력량 전송시스템'을 이용한 전력량자료의 수집과, 전력량-양수량관계식의 개발이 실시간 하천수 사용량 수집에 적용할 수 있는 가장 경제적인 대안으로 판단된다.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
• /
• v.48 no.4
• /
• pp.831-842
• /
• 2021

Accurate measurements of feed energy values have a positive effect on the control of feed intake for animals, the formation of prices, and on economic profits. However, few studies have attempted to measure the energy values of domestic roughages and to validate an energy value prediction model. The purpose of this study is to build a database through measurements of the nutrient digestibility and digestible energy results of roughages used in Korea and to evaluate the domestic applicability of the National Research Council (NRC) estimation model. Oat hay, annual ryegrass, tall fescue, barnyard millet, and concentrates for beef cattle were used in the test. As a result of an in vivo digestibility trial, the total digestible nutrients (TDN) of oat hay, annual ryegrass, tall fescue, and barnyard millet were found to be 68.73, 55.02, 55.71, and 52.89%, respectively. As a result of comparing the estimated values using the NRC equation with the in vivo results, there was a difference of 3.55 to 6.84%P in the TDN. Inferred from this result, it is considered that TDN calculations using the NRC equation can be reasonable for the test feeds used in this study. These results can be utilized when revising the Korean Standard Tables of Feed Composition, which provides a comprehensive overview of Korean feed.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.253-261
• /
• 2012

Dioxin contamination on agroproducts is one of the most important issue in food safety. Herein, we measured concentration of 17 dioxins polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and 14 dioxin like-polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) in the main grain (rice and barley) that were produced in Korea. The 36 rice samples were collected from rice processing complex at eight provinces, and the average concentrations of each province were ranged from 2.98 pg/g wet weight (w.w) to 4.98 pg/g w.w. as total PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs. The seven barley samples were collected from Jeon-nam and Jeon-buk provinces, and their average total concentrations of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs were 3.00 pg/g w.w. and 3.24 pg/g w.w. respectively. The residual amounts and toxic equivalent (TEQ) of DL-PCBs in rice and barley were higher than PCDD/Fs. The average total TEQ of rice and barley were 0.0056 pg-TEQ/g and 0.0092 pg-TEQ/g on lower bound estimation respectively. Estimated daily intake of dioxins from rice and barley were calculated 1.03 pg-TEQ/day/person and 0.0534 pg-TEQ/day/person respectively. These were estimated 0.46% and 0.03% of Korean TDI based on 55 kg body weight.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.45 no.1
• /
• pp.59-69
• /
• 2013

This study investigated the frequency, amount and consumption patterns of 50 potentially hazardous foods (PHF) along with consumers' risk perceptions towards PHF in Korea. A quantitative survey was performed from May through August by trained interviewers, surveying 1,000 adults aged over 18 who were randomly selected from six major provinces in Korea. Consumers perceived seafood, including shellfish, mussel, sashimi and sushi, as the top foods with the highest risk, followed by raw sliced beef. The food with the highest frequency intake per month was leafy vegetables, which is used to wrap other foods, followed by blanched vegetables, fried chicken, etc. The group of middle aged individuals with economic stability had the highest frequency intake of sashimi and sushi. Respondents living in small regions consume greater PHF portions at once. Food safety education with regard to the risk of PHF is essential for consumers, with high frequent intake of PHF.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.50 no.5
• /
• pp.504-518
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The objective of this study was to develop a processed foods database (DB) for estimation of processed food intake in the Korean population using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES). Methods: Analytical values of processed foods were collected from food composition tables of national institutions (Development Institute, Rural Development Administration), the US Department of Agriculture, and previously reported scientific journals. Missing or unavailable values were substituted, calculated, or imputed. The nutrient data covered 14 nutrients, including energy, protein, carbohydrates, fat, calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin C. The processed food DB covered a total of 4,858 food items used in the KNHANES. Each analytical value per food item was selected systematically based on the priority criteria of data sources. Results: Level 0 DB was developed based on a list of 8,785 registered processed foods with recipes of ready-to-eat processed foods, one food composition table published by the national institution, and nutrition facts obtained directly from manufacturers or indirectly via web search. Level 1 DB included information of 14 nutrients, and missing or unavailable values were substituted, calculated, or imputed at level 2. Level 3 DB evaluated the newly constructed nutrient DB for processed foods using the 2013 KNHANES. Mean intakes of total food and processed food were 1,551.4 g (males 1,761.8 g, females 1,340.8 g) and 129.4 g (males 169.9 g, females 88.8 g), respectively. Processed foods contributed to nutrient intakes from 5.0% (fiber) to 12.3% (protein) in the Korean population. Conclusion: The newly developed nutrient DB for processed foods contributes to accurate estimation of nutrient intakes in the Korean population. Consistent and regular update and quality control of the DB is needed to obtain accurate estimation of usual intakes using data from the KNHANES.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.463-470
• /
• 2011

This study was carried out to survey the residual characteristic of chlorpyrifos and estimate their residues in squash before harvest. The pesticide was sprayed onto the crop at the recommended and its double rates 10 days before the prearranged harvest and sampling was done at 0, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 10 days after spraying. The amounts of the chlorpyrifos residue in the crop was analyzed by chromatographic method. Limit of detection (LOD) of chlorpyrifos was 0.005 mg/kg and its recovery ranged from 95.21 to 102.69%. The initial concentration of chlorpyrifos sprayed with recommended dose exceeded its MRL of 0.1 mg/kg but its concentration was less than its MRL 10 days after application. However its concentration in case of the double dose was over its MRL both immediately and 10 days after application. Biological half-lives of chlorpyrifos sprayed onto squash was 2.5 and 2.9 days at the recommended and double doses, respectively. Ten days later, the residual concentration of chlorpyrifos in squash was decreased substantially. The concentration of chlorpyrifos was estimated in squash at the given day using its regression equations. The estimated concentration of chlorpyrifos in case of application with recommended dose was below its MRL at 10 days after application but its concentration in case of application with double dose was over its MRL at 10 days of the prearranged harvest. The rate of the estimated daily intake (EDI) of chlorpyrifos to its acceptable daily intake (ADI) was 282% right after application but it decreased to less than 18% at 10 days of the prearranged harvest.