• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.27
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• pp.99-127
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• 2005

This research can be summarized as follows: a. It provides the means how to manage risks in the electronic commerce with a focus on the insurance by which to transfer the risks to the third person. b. Since there are few preceding studies on the insurance of electronic commerce, further studies on the insurance stipulations about coverage and exclusions are needed. c. The risks in the electronic commerce are critical to the businessmen and the insurance can protect them from the perils and activate the electronic commerce. d. Inter-governmental and inter-organizational cooperations are needed to enact the unified international insurance clause. Researches on the electronic insurance should be vitalized for more objective analysis. A positive study needs a close survey on the individual and the business concerned, the insurance company, and the policy authorities, which will make it possible to adjust the coverage and exclusion and assess an optimum insurance rate.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.169-186
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• 2007

The purpose of this study analyzes laying stress on Japan example that background of electronic issue of international meritime insurance policy is what, and is marched in some degree present. and this study presented what hereafter subject of electronic insurance plice is. The this paper is to study the current situations of trade financial EDI in Japan and problems in application of marine insurance contracts. The subject of electronic marine policy issue is as following in trade financing EDI. (1) application of electronic document in claim demand. (2) standardization of various documents and insurance plice data. (3) insurance compensation document that become Jeonjahwa in insurance accident settlement. (4) maritime Insurance policy agreement's establishment. (5) when is monopolized to third party, realization of electronic maritime insurance policy offer.

• 한국무역상무학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.61-80
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• 2005

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.75-99
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• 2008

In the commercial transaction sellers use various sales strategies to increase profits, and this kind of sales strategies often causes damage to customers, it, moreover, is true that these examples happen in the electronic commercial market much more than in traditional one because of the characteristics if the electronic commerce. That's why people transact one another without face-to-face meeting in the electronic commerce market, so people one likely to fall for a trick to cheat and deceive. It's no doubt that the frequency of crime is higher than in face-to-face market. For that reason Cooling Off System, Consumer Compensation Insurance, Mutual Aid Association and Billing Payment Deposit System are in force the law related electronic commerce to protect customers' rights. In this paper it will be discussed about the periods of Cooling Off System and a received commodity notice of the Billing Payment Deposit System. Regarding these periods seven days for Cooling Off period and three days for a received commodity notice period are stipulated under the law of related electronic commerce to protect customers' rights, But each period has to be differentiated depending on each goods for this period to be reasonable and proper. Therefore in this study it will be focused on these facts and each period will be classified by the goods' purpose of purchase and quality.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.97-115
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• 2005

This paper describes the characteristics and outline of the Japan trade EDI project and proposes a vision for the future. The results are as follows; First, the TEDI(Trade EDI) project was initiated to promote paperless trading(using XML documents) on open networks such as the Internet, and to construct associated legal structures. Second there is converting harbor EDI system in existing EDI to single window system. Third, the NACCS system has been put into operation in Japan. To develope NACCS system must associate other system such as financial, insurance, logistic.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.15
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• pp.211-238
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• 2001

This article discusses and analyses several issues regarding to the Electronic Signature and the Electronic Certification. The objects of the analyse are the each paragraphs of the Korean Electronic Signature Act of 1999 and that of the Korean Electronic Transaction Basic Act of 1999 in comparing to the paragraphs of the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act' (E-Sign) of 2000, U.S.A. and that of the Draft UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signature of 2000. The main issues discussed herein are the scope of the electronic signature, the definition of the electronic signature, permission of services to the non-authorized certification service providers, the effect of the electronic signature, the liability of the concerning parties of the electronic signature including liability of the certification service providers, that of the subscribers and that of the relying parties. This paper also discusses the problems of the possibility of issuing the electronic negotiable commercial papers, the validity of the electronic signatures done by electronic agents, the authority certificate, mutual certification of the foreign certification service providers, the permission of the electronic notary service, the problems of the consumer protection and the possibility of issuing electronic insurance policy, etc. The writer concludes by suggesting some measures that will activate the use of electronic signatures under the korean circumstances.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.383-389
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose the pure premium rate of reliability insurance policy for radiators under the assumption of Weibull physics of failure. We also describe the performance factors which have an effect on failure characteristics of radiators. The maximum likelihood estimates of scale and shape parameters for assumed distribution are obtained by using accelerated life test data of sample sizes 5 using MINITAB.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.159-176
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• 2005

The Purpose of this Article is to analyze the special settlement and electronic settlement system in the international trade. First, Factoring is a fast, easy and flexible way to improve a company's cash flow and generate working capital for the company. Factoring can be short-term or part of an ongoing financing program. New companies can benefit as well, since there is no requirement for a long-term credit history. Second, Forfaiting is a method of trade financing that allows exporters to obtain cash and be free of all risks by selling their medium term receivables on a 'without recourse' basis. Forfaiting can be an alternative to export credit or insurance cover, especially for those transactions in which the export credit agency is not open to a particular country and/or bank. Third, The Bolero System is jointly financed by SWIFT(Society for World International Financial Telecommunications) which handles most of the electronic funds transfer for banks, and the Through Transport Mutual Assurance Association(the TT Club), a mutual insurance association most of whose members are drawn from the Multimodal transport industry or transport intermediaries. Fourth, TradeCard is a payment and settlement system that is an alternative to letters of crdeit. That is, TradeCard is a business-to-business e-commerce infrastructure that enables buyers and sellers to conduct and settle international trade transactions securely over the Internet.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.1-17
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• 2002

This paper analyzes the legal issues concerning formation of insurance contracts by Internet. Electronic commerce has been growing very rapidly and internet insurance has begun to appear. This paper focuses on the features of internet insurance and current status of internet insurance in Korea. For now, internet insurance constitutes a relatively small portion of the whole insurance market. However it makes a great contribution to the insurance industry as a whole by providing customer with board information, and by learning to the creation of a new market.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.33
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• pp.63-89
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• 2007

The UCP is an authoritative compilation of the customs and practice of letters of credit observed by most of the participants in the transaction. It remains the most successful set of private rules for trade ever developed. First issued in 1933, the UCP has been through five revisions, the latest being the present UCP 500, which came into force in 1994. Since 1994, new developments in transport, insurance, electronic commerce and banking industry have spurred the current revision of the rules. The ICC Banking Commission approved UCP 600 on October 25, 2006 by a unanimous vote of 91 to 0. The revision, which will come into effect on July 1, 2007, incorporates a number of changes from UCP 500 as follows : UCP 600 has a leaner set of rules, with 39 articles rather than 49 articles of UCP 500; New sections on "definitions" and "interpretations" have been added to clarify the meaning of ambiguous terms; The phrase "reasonable time" for acceptance or refusal of documents has been replaced by a firm period of five banking days; UCP 600 allows for the discounting of deferred payment credits. However, UCP 600 has two main problems such as the inconsistency with insurance industry and the banking community-oriented rules. We have some months before the commencement of UCP 600. From today to the commencement of UCP 600, we should study the full contents of UCP 600 and the influences on the trade industry.