• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.146-151
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• 1993

This study analyzed the problem associated with inquiry centered science education and formulated some improvement Strategies for inquiry learning in the standard Korean high school course. In order to attain the goals of questionaire survey methods were used. To examine the current status of biology education, seperate questionaires were developed through an educational research and development procedure used for tearchers and student. The questionaires were developed to ask about instruction and evaluation methods, the level of inquiry learing and abstacles to it. Here are some of our results: 1) Biology instruction and learning is more knowledge-orinted than inquiry-orinted, 2) Inquiry approach in science teaching is hard to be applied because of crowed classroom conditions. 3) The material is too broad in range and too difficult in content. There is virtually nothing that can be related to everyday life. The material focusing on inquiry activities is unsatisfactorily selected and organized. 4) Effective methods of inquiry-based instruction and evaluation are not available. 5) Biology teachers are burdened with too many class hour a week and too many varieties of additional works. 6) 91.1% of biology teachers and 90.3% of students recognize that lab and field works are needed to enhance inquiry learning. However, in reality, such inquiry activities are lacking. 7) 73.3% of schools have no lab assistants. 8) The university entrance examination is the greatest factor against inquiry learning. 9) There are very few chances of in-service education for biology teachers to learn more about biology curriculum and science education theory.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.256-266
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to use DARTs (Directed Activities Related to text) to foster inquiry problems while actively engaging accelerated gifted elementary students in the field of earth sciences. This study is continually evolving in the classroom on the proposition that accelerate the scientific thought whether inquiry problems show any change according to the extent of prior background knowledge through DARTs. Researchers appointed the accelerated gifted elementary students with 14 investigation problems and it was their duty to not only classify the inquiry problems, but to analyze using interviewing methods according to type classification framework. Many scientific terms were used concretely in the inquiry problems that were propose after DART. The students gave a direct effect to the inquiry problem to be proposed according to the level of the content that it is presented in the DARTs worksheet. As a result, the NP-IP type and the EC-IP, NC-IP inquiry problem type proposed above much as a whole in DARTs former and prior. Particularly, the EMC-IP type and etc. was variously proposed after the DARTs. And the students proposing the inquiry problem of above average proposed the inquiry problem of the EP-IP type much unlike the general average student after the DARTs. The EC-IP, NC-IP and NF-IP type were changed much after DARTs used. Particularly, the EC-IP and NC-IP type were changed much.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.453-464
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• 2019

In this study, the types of inquiry activities in the $5^{th}$ & $6^{th}$ grade science textbooks according to the 2015 revised science national curriculum were analyzed and compared according to grade level and science area. Science textbooks for elementary school $5^{th}$ & $6^{th}$ graders contain quite diverse types of inquiry activities, which are student-centered inquiry activities. There were comparatively higher proportions of inquiry types such as experiment & observation and simulation, but relatively lower of inquiry types of investigation-discourse & presentation, discussion, expression. Elementary science textbooks are expected to cultivate science key competencies for elementary school students. Considering the science area, the motion & energy, substances, earth & space, and integration areas had the most experiment & observation among activity types, while the life area had the most simulation activities. Even in some area of the 6th grade science textbook, there was little or no data interpretation, discussion, and simulation activities. In order to achieve the goal of elementary science education, science textbooks should be developed considering the revision of future elementary science curriculum.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.545-562
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• 2019

이 연구의 목적은 고등학생들의 통합 탐구 기능 향상을 위한 인지적 스캐폴딩 도구를 개발하고, 그 적용 효과를 탐색하는 것이다. 이를 위해 문헌 연구 및 선행 연구 결과를 토대로 통합 탐구 기능 교육을 위한 수업용 자료 1종과 학생들이 자신의 탐구 능력 수준에 맞추어 선택적으로 학습할 수 있는 개별 학습용 자료 2종을 포함한 인지적 스캐폴딩 도구를 개발하였다. 또한, 통합 탐구 기능에 대한 학생들의 수준을 조사하기 위한 도구로 가설-연역적 탐구 형식으로 구성된 사전, 사후 검사용 탐구 과제를 1개씩 개발하였다. 인지적 스캐폴딩 도구의 효과를 검증하기 위하여 실험군과 대조군의 사전, 사후 검사에 대해 추리 통계를 실시하였다. 또한, 인지적 스캐폴딩 도구의 적용 여부에 따른 고등학생들의 통합 탐구 능력을 Rasch 모형에 따른 Wrightmap을 산출하여 비교하였고, 통합 탐구 기능의 각 요소에 대한 학생들의 수준 변화 양상을 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 인지적 스캐폴딩 도구를 사용했던 실험군은 대조군에 비해 탐구 설계, 자료 수집 및 변환, 자료 해석, 결론 도출 등 모든 평가 요소에서 유의미하게 높은 점수를 보였다. 또한, 인지적 스캐폴딩 도구를 활용했던 학생들은 전반적으로 통합 탐구 능력이 향상되었고, 통합 탐구 기능의 각 요소에서 높은 수준으로 뚜렷하게 변화되는 양상을 보여주었다. 이러한 연구 결과는 학생들이 과학 탐구를 수행하는 과정에서 직면하는 기능적 장벽을 완화 또는 제거하기 위해 인지적 스캐폴딩 도구를 적극적으로 활용할 필요가 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1984

This study was undertaken to investigate the general attitude toward science and scientific inquiry behavior of underachiever at the junior high school level. In this study, underachiever was defined as the one who is below the minimum acceptable performance level because of his/her deficiencies in prerequisites but who has the capability to reach the required mastery level in normal classroom. For the identification of the underachiever, IQ test and achievement test in science which were developed by the investigators were used. The attitude test which was to measure the general attitude toward science and scientific inquiry behaviors of the underachiever was also developed by the investigators. The tests were given to 250 1st grade junior high school students in one experimental school. Out of 250, 55 underachievers were identified. For the study, 55 underachievers with 57 normal students were compared. The findings of this study showed that there were significant differencies between underachievers and normal students in both attitude toward science and scientific inquiry behavior. They can be summarized as follows; 1. Awareness on science by underachievers was minimal compared to normal students. 2. Compared to normal students, there was a tendency by underachievers to think the influence of science on their real life is remote. 3. Underaschievers were less positive, less voluntary and were less persistent in science activities than normal students. 4. Underachievers were less interested in science than normal students. These findings showed us that there were significant relation between the attitude and achievement level. This suggests that fostering attitude toward science and scientific inquiry behavior is needed for the improvement of achievement level of underachievers.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.525-539
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• 2002

본 연구는 우리나라 과학 교육 성취도를 평가하기 위한 연구로 전국의 고등학교 2학년 학생들을 대상으로 하였으며, 평가 결과 고등학교 2학년 학생들의 종합적인 과학 교육 성취도 수준은 "보통 학력"으로 나타났다. 평가 영역별 성취도를 보면 이해, 적용, 탐구 설계, 자료 해석, 결론 도출 영역에서는 "보통 학력"을, 지식과 문제 인식 영역에서는 "기초 학력"을 나타내었다. 성별 성취도 분석 결과 종합적인 과학 성취도간에는 유의미한 차이가 없었으나 평가 영역별 성취도 분석 결과에서는 이해 영역을 제외한 전 영역에서 성별에 따라 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지역별 성취도 분석 결과 서울시, 광역시, 중소도시, 읍면 지역의 성취도간에 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 종합적인 성취도는 광역시가 가장 높았고 다음으로는 중소도시, 서울시, 읍면 지역의 순인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.396-406
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• 2006

In this study, elementary school students' science learning characteristics together with the levels of inquiry requirement in elementary school science experiment instruction were investigated in terms of the affective domain. We divided seventy-three students of the fifth ade into two groups according to the levels of inquiry requirement. After each instruction had been implemented, the characteristics of the students' learning in terms of the affective domain were compared and analyzed within the context of the levels of inquiry requirement. There were no significant differences between Level 1(LL) and Level 2(HL) groups in terms of the affective characteristics. These results may be caused by the burden imposed by the difficulty in thinking through and setting up the experimental methods. However, the HL group students' levels of interest in science experiments was higher than that of the LL group. In conclusion, the HL instruction contributed little to the improvement of affective characteristics. Some possible reasons might be that students felt difficulties with the somewhat unfamiliar instructions which required them to design and perform experiments. Higher levels of interest in science experiments amongst HL students' implies that well-organized and continuous exercises involving the design and performance of experiments could improve students' scientific affective characteristics.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.488-496
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• 2005

• 대한화학회지
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.266-279
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• 2019

본 연구는 북한 김정은 시대의 화학 교과서의 탐구 경향성을 Romey의 분석법에 따라 조사하였다. Romeny의 분석법에 따라 북한 화학 교과서를 문장, 시각자료, 절과 장의 질문, 토론 및 실험 활동, 요약 등으로 구분하여 탐구 경향을 분석하였다. 그리고 그 결과를 남한 3차 교육과정부터 2009 교육과정의 화학 또는 과학 교과서의 탐구 경향을 Romey 분석법으로 분석한 선행연구 결과와 비교하였다. 북한 고급중학교 1 화학 교과서는 5개 장의 20,017개 문장, 541개 시각자료, 140개 질문, 243개 활동, 25개 요약으로 구성된다. 이것들을 대상으로 Romey의 탐구 경향성을 분석한 결과, 북한 화학 교과서의 문장은 권위주의적, 시각자료는 탐구주의적, 절과 장의 마무리 질문은 지나친 탐구주의적, 활동은 탐구주의적, 장 요약은 극단적인 권위주의적 경향을 나타내는 것을 조사되었다. 북한 화학 교과서는 남한의 6차 교육과정에 따른 화학I 교과서들과 유사한 탐구 경향성을 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 결과는 북한 과학교육이 지향하고 있는 탐구적 교수를 이해하기 위한 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.334-346
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• 2012

For teachers' conceptions and understandings are critical to their decision making and classroom practice, this study attempts to understand pre-service elementary teachers' views and practices of science inquiry during peer teaching practice. Fifteen 4th year university students in teacher education program participated in peer teaching practice. Their teaching and reflective discussion were video and audio recorded and written lesson plans were collected for data analysis. Five science teacher educators individually looked into the data and shared their comments and interpretations on pre-service teachers' views and practice. The study findings suggest that pre-service teachers emphasized the importance of providing students with motivating resources in the beginning of lesson, employing certain inquiry teaching models, the process of predicting and dis/proving via experiment, and teachers' minimal intervention as the important features of inquiry teaching. Science teacher educators emphasized that it is critical to help children understand inquiry questions in the beginning of inquiry process, to be mindful of children's problem solving and critical thinking rather than following instruction models or simply going through prediction and test process. They also commented that teachers' guidance could lead a good inquiry process in classroom practice, not always interfering students' inquiry. Based on the findings, the study suggests science teacher educators need to understand what and how pre-service teachers view and practice science inquiry teaching and consider these as useful resources where they can start effective teaching for pre-service teachers at the university level.