• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.162-164
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• 2000

The numerical simulation of air movement in a room using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) requires a complicated set of input data, This includes physical data, such as space geometry, characteristics of supply air flow and contaminant source, etc. as well as computational domain. Among the input data, the boundary conditions related to the inlet are particularly crucial in order to achieve accurate computation results, although there are many other parameters which may also affect the results. (omitted)

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.824-826
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• 1999

In this paper, we design an Fuzzy-Neural Networks(FNN) by means of divisions of fuzzy input space with multi-input variables. Fuzzy input space of Yamakawa's FNN is divided by each separated input variable, but that of the proposed FNN is divided by mutually combined input variables. The membership functions of the proposed FNN use both triangular and gaussian membership types. The parameters such as apexes of membership functions, learning rates, momentum coefficients, weighting value, and slope are adjusted using genetic algorithms. Also, an aggregate objective function(performance index) with weighting value is utilized to achieve a sound balance between approximation and generalization abilities of the model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed model, we use the data of sewage treatment process.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.49-74
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• 2011

The present paper aims to explore the role of non-negotiated input and output in language acquisition in the context of free Web chat. In order to examine how input and output contribute to language acquisition, with or without meaning negotiation, the present study examined a Korean EFL learner's chat data collected over 6 months. Chat texts across 43 chat sessions were analyzed, along with her comment notes and interviews. The input and output negotiated for meaning were traced throughout all sessions to find evidence that they were linked to acquisition. Other input and output in the interaction were also traced to ascertain if they contributed to acquisition. The chat text analysis, comment notes, and the interviews revealed that the opportunities of meaning negotiation in a free Web chat context was quite limited and that the learner acquired language even in the absence of meaning negotiation. The findings suggest that input and output via Web chat, whether negotiated or non-negotiated, play their respective roles, contributing to different aspects of acquisition.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The travel times of expressway buses have been estimated using the travel time data between entrance tollgates and exit tollgates, which are produced by the Toll Collections System (TCS). However, the travel time data from TCS has a few critical problems. For example, the travel time data include the travel times of trucks as well as those of buses. Therefore, the travel time estimation of expressway buses using TCS data may be implicitly and explicitly incorrect. The goal of this study is to improve the accuracy of the expressway bus travel time estimation using DSRC-based travel time by identifying the appropriate analysis period of input data. METHODS : All expressway buses are equipped with the Hi-Pass transponders so that the travel times of only expressway buses can be extracted now using DSRC. Thus, this study analyzed the operational characteristics as well as travel time patterns of the expressway buses operating between Seoul and Dajeon. And then, this study determined the most appropriate analysis period of input data for the expressway bus travel time estimation model in order to improve the accuracy of the model. RESULTS : As a result of feasibility analysis according to the analysis period, overall MAPE values were found to be similar. However, the MAPE values of the cases using similar volume patterns outperformed other cases. CONCLUSIONS : The best input period was that of the case which uses the travel time pattern of the days whose total expressway traffic volumes are similar to that of one day before the day during which the travel times of expressway buses must be estimated.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.664-667
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• 1997

For higher component density per chip, it is necessary to identify and control the semiconductor manufacturing process more stringently. Recently, neural networks have been identified as one of the most promising techniques for modeling and control of complicated processes such as plasma etching process. Since wafer states after each run using identical recipe may differ from each other, conventional neural network models utilizing input factors only cannot represent the actual state of process and equipment. In this paper, in addition to the input factors of the recipe, real-time tool data are utilized for modeling of 64M DRAM s-poly plasma etching process to reflect the actual state of process and equipment. For real-time tool data, we collect optical emission spectroscopy (OES) data. Through principal component analysis (PCA), we extract principal components from entire OES data. And then these principal components are included to input parameters of neural network model. Finally neural network model is trained using feed forward error back propagation (FFEBP) algorithm. As a results, simulation results exhibit good wafer state prediction capability after plasma etching process.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.17-20
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• 2003

We have designed and measured a SFQ(Single Flux Quantum) DFFC and an Inverter(NOT) for superconducting ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit) development. To optimize the circuit, we used Julia, XIC, and L meter for circuit simulations and circuit layouts. The Inverter was consisted of a D Flip-Flop, a data input, a clock input and a data output. If a data pulse arrives at the inverter, then the output reads ‘0’ (no output pulse is produced) at the next clock period. If there is no input data pulse, it reads out ‘1’(output pulse is produced). The DFFC was consisted of a D flip-Flop, an Inverter, a Data in, a Clock in and two outputs. If a data pulse arrives at the DFFC circuit, then the output2 reads ‘1’ at the next clock period, otherwise it reads out ‘1’ to output1. Operation of the fabricated chip was performed at the liquid helium temperature and at the frequencies of 1KHz.

• 천문학논총
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

An archiving system designed to enable documenting database of astronomical images, with functions of search and download, is being developed by Korean Astronomical Data Center(KADC) of Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute(KASI). The system consists of three PCs for web server, database server, and system management server. The search program for the web environment is operated in the web server. In the management server, several utility program we developed are installed: input program for the database, program for transfer from fits to jpg files, program for data recovery and management, and programs for statistics and connect management. The collected data would be sorted out by the system manager to input into the database. The online input is possible in an observatory where the data is produced. We applied the content management system(CMS) module for the database management. On the basic of CMS module, we set up a management system for the whole life cycle of metadata from creation and collection to storage and deletion of the data. For the search function, we employed a technique to extract indices from the metadata. In addition, MySQL is adopted for DBMS. We currently display about 2,700 and 25,000 photographs for astronomical phenomena and astronomical objects on the data, respectively.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권10호
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• pp.168-177
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• 2001

Reverse engineering has been widely used for the shape reconstruction of an object without CAD data and the measurement of clay or wood models fur the development of new products. To generate a surface from measured points by a laser scanner, typical steps include the scanning of a clay or wood model, the generation of compatible input curves, the generation of a surface and manufacturing data like G code or STL file. A laser scanner has a great potential to get geometrical data of a model for its frost measuring speed and higher precision. The data from a laser scanner are composed of many line stripes of points including small spikes and noise. A new approach using automated surface generating algorithm is introduced to deal with problems during reverse engineering process. And the input data and the generated surface are represented in IGES format, thus can be supplied to other CAD/CAM software without any data manipulation.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.66-78
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• 1978

Micropocessor를 기계계의 제어에 응용하기 위하여 drilling machine의 자동화를 위한 Software를 개발하였다. Work table의 좌표축 방향의 변위를 담당하는 Pulse motor가 지령 Pulse에 충실히 응답 할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 최적 start-stop pulse rata를 조사하여 이를 matrix화 함으로서 실제 작업시에는 입력 data에 의하려 최적 pulse rate로 시동 또는 정지의 정확을 기하도록 하였다. Workt able의 x-y평면내에서의 이동은 x축 motor와 y축 motor에 Pulse를 교대로 보냄으로서 변위 시간을 단축시켰다. Program을 Package화하여 작업사양에 따른 data만을 입력함으로서 사용의 편의를 도모하였다.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국경영과학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.213-217
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• 2001

This paper deals with the estimation of efficiency of Telecommunication Operators(TOs) using DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis). The measure of efficiency using DEA accomplishes next two steps. First, the efficient frontier is derived using the data of input and output. And then the efficiency of the decision making units are measured by the distances from this frontier To measure efficiency, we consider a one-output, three-input production function. We use the tangible assets, investment cost, the number of employees for input data and measure the output by the revenue. After measuring the efficiency, We can compare the domestic TOs with the international TOs and the wire TOs with wireless ones by average efficiency. After accomplishing the analysis of efficiency, the internal/external efficiency is measured simultaneously through correlation between efficiency and profitability, quality level.